Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent age-related bone metabolic disease. Aging and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the onset and progression of OP, but the specific mechanisms have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to identify novel potential biomarkers associated with aging and mitochondria in OP. In this study, based on GEO database, aging-related and mitochondria-related differentially expressed genes (AR&MRDEGs) were screened. The AR&MRDEGs were enriched in mitochondrial structure and function. Then, 6 key genes were identified by WGCNA and multiple machine learning, and a novel diagnostic model was constructed. The efficacy of diagnostic model was validated using external datasets. The results showed that diagnostic model had favorable diagnostic prediction ability. Next, key gene regulatory networks were constructed and single-gene GSEA analysis was performed. In addition, based on a single-cell dataset from OP, single-cell differentially expressed genes (scDEGs) were identified. The results revealed that aging-related and mitochondria-related genes (AR&MRGs) were enriched in the ERK pathway in tissue stem cells (TSCs), and in mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization in monocytes. Cellular communication analysis showed that TSCs were active, with numerous signaling interactions with monocytes, macrophages and immune cells. Finally, the expression of key gene was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). This study is expected to provide strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of OP targeting aging and mitochondria.
Abstract Revealing the reaction mechanism to guide the industrial production of targeted products still remains a grand challenge for catalytic cracking of light alkanes to olefins over metal‐acid bifunctional catalyst. Herein, we systematically investigated the reaction mechanism of n‐pentane cracking on the Ag/ZSM‐5 bifunctional catalyst featuring both dehydrogenation and cracking capabilities. Specifically, overall cracking network of n‐pentane was comprehensively constructed to show the roles of metal dehydrogenation sites and acid sites respectively, in which metal Ag could substitute the H of the Brønsted acid site to form the Al–O–Ag linkage with enhanced adsorption and activation of n‐pentane, while Brønsted acid site with weak acid strength relay to promote cracking reaction. Thanks to this synergy of the two active sites, the apparent activation energy of n‐pentane cracking to light olefins was decreased from 82.77 KJ/mol to 68.26 KJ/mol and the proportion of specific path (C 5 H 12 → H 2 + C 5 H 10 ) in n‐pentane monomolecular cracking reaction increased from 14.62% to 69.24%. In addition, 0.57Ag/ZSM‐5 catalyst exhibited the conversion of n‐pentane up to 67.55 wt%, which improved the performance of the parent ZSM‐5 by 13.42 wt%. These analysis results of reaction mechanism may provide some insights for the rational design of catalysts and the full utilization of petrochemical resources.
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