M.G. Sumbler

Abstract The Balderton Terrace marks a former course of the River Trent between Newark and the Lincoln Gap. The principal deposit, the Balderton Sand and Gravel, is interpreted as a braided river sediment. Ice wedge casts truncated by intraformational erosion surfaces at many levels indicate syndepositional permafrost. Remnant cover deposits overlying the Balderton Sand and Gravel include the partly aeolian Whisby Sand. Locally, both the upper part of the Balderton Sand and Gravel and the cover deposits exhibit features indicative of temperate climate pedogenesis. All these deposits are affected by subsequent cryoturbation. On the basis of these features and the geomorphological and topographical relationship to other terrace deposits of the area, the Balderton Sand and Gravel and Whisby Sand are regarded as post‐Hoxnian and pre‐lpswichian, i.e. Wolstonian. Electron spin resonance age determinations for fossil elephant teeth and amino acid analyses on molluscs from the Balderton Sand and Gravel suggest correlation with Oxygen Isotope Stage 6. The Balderton Sand and Gravel has yielded a cold‐climate mammalian fauna dominated by woolly mammoth and woolly rhinoceros, though rarer species suggest periods of milder climate. Silts from channels near the base of the deposit have produced pollen, mollusc, ostracod and beetle assemblages also indicating a cold climate.

Ostracod

10.1002/jqs.3390060203

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Citations (46)

Middle Pleistocene glaciation of Britain; new evidence and links with the ocean record

AGUFM (2004)

J. Rose Robert Hamblin B.S.P. Moorlock J. R. Lee M.G. Sumbler

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Geology of the Bedford district : a brief explanation of the geological map Sheet 203 Bedford

A.J.M. Barron M.G. Sumbler A.N. Morigi Helen Reeves Antony John Benham

This Sheet Explanation provides a summary of the geology and applied geology of the district covered by geological 1:50 000 Series Sheet 203 Bedford, published as a Bedrock and Superficial Deposits edition in 2010. The district lies in the south-east of the English Midlands, about 45 miles north of London and includes parts of Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire.

Geologic map

Bedrock

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Citations (3)

A new look at the type Wolstonian glacial deposits of Central England

Proceedings of the Geologists Association (1983)

M.G. Sumbler

Stratotype

Sequence (biology)

10.1016/s0016-7878(83)80024-8

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