Adina Paytan

University of California, Santa Cruz

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J. H. Street

University of California, Santa Cruz

Katherine R. M. Mackey

University of California, Irvine

Elizabeth M. Griffith

The Ohio State University

Alanna L Lecher

Lynn University

Miriam Kastner

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Karen L. Knee

American University

Francisca Martı́nez-Ruiz

Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra

Andrea M. Erhardt

University of Kentucky

Barak Herut

Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research

Anton Eisenhauer

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel

Cooperative Institutions

University of California, Santa Cruz

111

Stanford University

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

United States Geological Survey

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Planetary Science Institute

Oregon State University

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

University of California, Berkeley

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Low pH Springs - A Natural Laboratory for Ocean Acidification

AGUFM (2009)

Elizabeth Derse M. Rebolledo‐Vieyra Donald C. Potts Adina Paytan

Ocean Acidification

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Phosphorus Transformations from Reclaimed Wastewater to Irrigated Soil: A ³¹P NMR Study

Soil Science Society of America Journal (2014)

Iris Zohar Barbara J. Cade‐Menun Adina Paytan Avi Shaviv

Irrigation of soils with reclaimed wastewater (RW) is a common practice in arid regions, but may pose an environmental threat if labile phosphorus (P) forms accumulate at the soil surface. Soil P lability can be affected by P forms in the applied RW and by P composition and distribution in the soil. Solution 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed to identify P forms in RW solutions, in whole soil extracts and in fractionated soil P pools in agricultural soils (maize crop, Acre, Israel) irrigated with the examined RW or with freshwater (FW) and a chemical fertilizer. The RW was rich with total P (P T ) and molybdate‐reactive P (MRP), consistent with high concentrations of MRP in the RW‐irrigated soil. Identified compounds and compound classes in the RW and in the soils include orthophosphate, polyphosphate, orthophosphate monoesters, and orthophosphate diesters. However, there was a shift in P compound classes from the RW to the RW‐irrigated soil; although the water sources were different, P forms in the soils of the different treatments were similar. The possible factors that might control this change are discussed, including biological and geochemical P recycling and crop inputs.

Lability

Reclaimed water

Polyphosphate

10.2136/sssaj2014.01.0037

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Fisherfolk and farmers: Carbon and nitrogen isotope evidence from Middle Horizon Ancón, Peru

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology (2009)

Nicole M. Slovak Adina Paytan

Abstract This study investigates human dietary patterns and economic trends at the coastal site of Ancón, Peru during the Andean Middle Horizon (550 AD –1000 AD ) using stable isotopic data from 32 individuals buried at the site. δ 13 C and δ 15 N results from human bone collagen and δ 13 C from human tooth enamel and bone carbonate indicate that inhabitants consumed a mixed diet composed primarily of marine protein and C 4 resources, with only marginal reliance on C 3 foods. Over time, Ancóneros appear to have relied more heavily on C 4 resources, particularly maize, despite the fact that the crop could not have been grown locally. These results are notable given that C 3 rather than C 4 or marine foods dominate the site's archaeological record. These data suggest that Ancón's inhabitants either had access to more fertile land up‐valley where maize could be cultivated successfully or that they engaged in trade relationships with their valley neighbours. A third possibility is that increased maize consumption at Ancón during the Middle Horizon resulted from Wari imperial influence and interregional exchange. Comparisons of δ 13 C values in enamel and bone carbonate from Ancón individuals indicate that δ 13 C carb_enamel values are significantly more positive than δ 13 C carb_bone values. This suggests that the diets of young children were systematically enriched in 13 C compared to that of adults, perhaps as a result of nursing activity and/or differential dietary practices among various age groups at the site. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Human bone

10.1002/oa.1128

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Citations (40)

Influence of atmospheric nutrients on primary productivity in a coastal upwelling region

Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2010)

Katherine R. M. Mackey Gert L. van Dijken S. Mazloom Andrea M. Erhardt John P. Ryan

Atmospheric deposition is an important source of nutrients to the coastal and open ocean; however, its role in highly productive upwelling regions like coastal California has not been determined. Approximately 0.1%–0.2% of new production is attributable to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) annually, but if the estimate is expanded to encompass the effects of iron (Fe), aerosols may support 1%–2% of new production on average, and up to 5% on days with high deposition fluxes. Laboratory culture and in situ incubation experiments confirm the bioavailability of N from dry deposition in this region. A significant positive relationship between aerosol optical thickness and chlorophyll a derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer is observed for the summer months and is stronger offshore than near the coast. Moreover, the portion of productivity supported by atmospheric deposition is higher on days without upwelling and during El Niño periods when nutrient input from upwelling is suppressed, a phenomenon that could become more prevalent due to climate warming. Expanding the results from California, we estimate that dry deposition could increase productivity in other major coastal upwelling regions by up to 8% and suggest that aerosols could stimulate productivity by providing N, Fe, and other nutrients that are essential for cell growth but relatively deplete in upwelled water.

New production

Deposition

10.1029/2009gb003737

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Citations (43)

Barite in the ocean – occurrence, geochemistry and palaeoceanographic applications

Sedimentology (2012)

Elizabeth M. Griffith Adina Paytan

Abstract The mineral barite (BaSO 4 ) can precipitate in a variety of oceanic settings: in the water column, on the sea floor and within marine sediments. The geological setting where barite forms ultimately determines the geochemistry of the precipitated mineral and its usefulness for various applications. Specifically, the isotopic and elemental composition of major and trace elements in barite carry information about the solution(s) from which it precipitated. Barite precipitated in the water column (marine or pelagic barite) can be used as a recorder of changes in sea water chemistry through time. Barite formed within sediments or at the sea floor from pore water fluids (diagenetic or cold seeps barite) can aid in understanding fluid flow and sedimentary redox processes, and barite formed in association with hydrothermal activity (hydrothermal barite) provides information about conditions of crust alteration around hydrothermal vents. The accumulation rate of marine barite in oxic‐pelagic sediments can also be used to reconstruct past changes in ocean productivity. Some key areas for future work on the occurrence and origin of barite include: fully characterizing the mechanisms of precipitation of marine barite in the water column; understanding the role and potential significance of bacteria in barite precipitation; quantifying parameters controlling barite preservation in sediments; determining the influence of diagenesis on barite geochemistry; and investigating the utility of additional trace components in barite.

Cold seep

Pelagic sediment

10.1111/j.1365-3091.2012.01327.x

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Citations (329)

High productivity in the open ocean during cretaceous anoxic events

EGS - AGU - EUG Joint Assembly (2003)

Adina Paytan Timothy J. Bralower

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Evaluation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge as a Source of Nutrients, Carbon , and Metals to the Monterey Bay Extreme Bloom Incubator