Pedro Cermeño

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

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Emilio Marañón

Universidade de Vigo

Sergio M. Vallina

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Beatriz Mouriño‐Carballido

Universidade de Vigo

María Huete‐Ortega

Universidade de Vigo

Emilio Fernández

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

F. G. Figueiras

Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas

Daffne C. López‐Sandoval

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Mikel Latasa

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

Bieito Fernández Castro

University of Southampton

Tamara Rodríguez‐Ramos

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

Cooperative Institutions

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Institut de Ciències del Mar

Institut Català de Ciències del Clima

Universidade de Vigo

National Oceanography Centre

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

University of Southampton

National Research Council

Centro Mediterráneo de Investigaciones Marinas y Ambientale

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Maximum photosynthetic efficiency of size-fractionated phytoplankton assessed by ¹⁴ C uptake and fast repetition rate fluorometry

Limnology and Oceanography (2005)

Pedro Cermeño Patricia Estévez-Blanco Emilio Marañón Emilio Fernóndez

Under high nutrient concentrations and sufficient light conditions, large phytoplankton may display higher photosynthetic efficiency than smaller cells. This is unexpected since smaller phytoplankton, because of their higher surface to volume ratio, possess a greater ability to take up nutrients and absorb light. In order to investigate the causes of the increased photosynthetic efficiency in larger phytoplankton, we assessed the maximum photosynthetic efficiency of coastal assemblages in three size classes (<5, 5–20, and >20 µm) by concurrently conducting 14C-based photosynthesis-irradiance experiments and fast repetition rate fluorescence measurements. The light-saturated, chlorophyll-specific photosynthesis (Pbmax) and the maximum photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of each size class were determined during winter mixing (March 2003) and summer stratification (June 2003). During winter mixing, size-fractionated Pbmax and Fv/Fm were similar in all size classes. In contrast, during summer stratification, size-fractionated Pbmax and Fv/Fm were significantly higher in the >20-µm size class. In the entire data set, size-fractionated Pbmax and Fv/Fm were not significantly correlated. However, a significant relationship was found between size-fractionated Pbmaxand Fv/Fm for phytoplankton assemblages acclimated to low light conditions. Under high light, an excess PSII capacity may be responsible for the discrepancy between size-fractionated Pbmax and Fv/Fm measurements, whereas under low light conditions, photosynthetic electron transport chain and components downstream of PSII become more balanced, which results in a tight covariation between both variables. Higher maximum photosynthetic efficiencies of large-sized phytoplankton might be associated with a higher PSII photochemical efficiency characteristic of certain taxonomic groups such as diatoms.

Photosynthetic efficiency

10.4319/lo.2005.50.5.1438

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Citations (79)

Dimensions of Marine Phytoplankton Diversity

Stephanie Dutkiewicz Pedro Cermeño Oliver Jahn Michael J. Follows Anna E. Hickman

Abstract. Biodiversity of phytoplankton is important for ecosystem stability and marine biogeochemistry. However, the large scale patterns of diversity are not well understood, and are often poorly characterized in terms of statistical relationships with environmental factors (e.g. latitude, temperature, productivity). Here we use ecological theory and a global trait-based ecosystem model to provide mechanistic understanding of patterns of phytoplankton diversity. Our study suggests that phytoplankton diversity across three dimensions of trait space (size, biogeochemical function, and thermal tolerance) is controlled by a disparate combinations of drivers: the supply rate of the limiting resource, the imbalance in different resource supplies relative to competing phytoplanktons’ demands, size-selective grazing, and transport by the moving ocean. Using sensitivity studies we show that each dimension of diversity is controlled by different drivers. Models including only one (or two) of the trait dimensions will have different patterns of diversity than one which incorporates another trait dimension. We use the results of our theory/model exploration to infer the controls on the diversity patterns derived from field observations in meridional transects of the Atlantic and to explain why different taxa and size classes have differing patterns. These results suggest that it is unlikely that any single or even combination of environmental variables will be able to explain patterns of diversity.

Trait

Marine ecosystem

Ecosystem diversity

Ecological stability

10.5194/bg-2019-311

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Citations (32)

Combined biotic and abiotic effects on FDOM composition dynamics

Miguel Cabrera-Brufau Pedro Cermeño Cèlia Marrasé Marta Masdeu Navarro Flora Vincent

XX Seminario Iberico de Quimica Marina (SIQUIMAR 2020) - XX Iberian Seminar on Marine Chemistry, 1-3 July 2020, Barcelona.-- 1 page

Dynamics

Source

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Post-extinction recovery of the Phanerozoic oceans and the rise of biodiversity hotspots

Research Square (Research Square) (2021)

Pedro Cermeño Carmen García‐Comas Alexandre Pohl Simon Williams Michael J. Benton

Abstract The fossil record of marine invertebrates has long fueled the debate on whether or not there are limits to global diversity in the sea1–4⁠. Ecological theory states that as diversity grows and ecological niches are filled, the strengthening of biological interactions imposes limits on diversity5–7⁠. However, the extent to which biological interactions have constrained the growth of diversity over evolutionary time remains an open question1–4,8–12⁠, largely because of the incompleteness and spatial heterogeneity of the fossil record13–15⁠. Here we present a regional diversification model that reproduces surprisingly well the Phanerozoic trends in the global diversity of marine invertebrates after imposing mass extinctions. We find that the dynamics of global diversity is best described by a diversification model that operates broadly within the exponential growth regime of a logistic function. A spatially resolved analysis of the diversity-to-carrying capacity ratio reveals that only < 2% of the global flooded continental area exhibits diversity levels approaching ecological saturation. We attribute the overall increase in global diversity during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic to the development of diversity hotspots under prolonged conditions of Earth system stability and maximum continental fragmentation. We call this the "diversity hotspots hypothesis", which is proposed as a non-mutually exclusive alternative to the hypothesis that the Mesozoic marine revolution led this macroevolutionary trend16,17.

Extinction (optical mineralogy)

Global biodiversity

Marine invertebrates

Biodiversity hotspot

Macroevolution

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1013308/v1

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Surface distribution of dissolved trace metals in the oligotrophic ocean and their influence on phytoplankton biomass and productivity

Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2015)

Paulina Pinedo‐González A. Joshua West Antonio Tovar‐Sánchez Carlos M. Duarte Emilio Marañón

Abstract The distribution of bioactive trace metals has the potential to enhance or limit primary productivity and carbon export in some regions of the world ocean. To study these connections, the concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, and V were determined for 110 surface water samples collected during the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation Expedition (MCE). Total dissolved Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, and V concentrations averaged 19.0 ± 5.4 pM, 21.4 ± 12 pM, 0.91 ± 0.4 nM, 0.66 ± 0.3 nM, 88.8 ± 12 nM, 1.72 ± 0.4 nM, and 23.4 ± 4.4 nM, respectively, with the lowest values detected in the Central Pacific and increased values at the extremes of all transects near coastal zones. Trace metal concentrations measured in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean during the MCE were compared to previously published data for the same region. The comparison revealed little temporal changes in the distribution of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, and Ni over the last 30 years. We utilized a multivariable linear regression model to describe potential relationships between primary productivity and the hydrological, biological, trace nutrient and macronutrient data collected during the MCE. Our statistical analysis shows that primary productivity in the Indian Ocean is best described by chlorophyll a , NO 3 , Ni, temperature, SiO 4 , and Cd. In the Atlantic Ocean, primary productivity is correlated with chlorophyll a , NO 3 , PO 4 , mixed layer depth, Co, Fe, Cd, Cu, V, and Mo. The variables salinity, temperature, SiO 4 , NO 3 , PO 4 , Fe, Cd, and V were found to best predict primary productivity in the Pacific Ocean. These results suggest that some of the lesser studied trace elements (e.g., Ni, V, Mo, and Cd) may play a more important role in regulating oceanic primary productivity than previously thought and point to the need for future experiments to verify their potential biological functions.

Trace metal

Primary productivity

10.1002/2015gb005149

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Citations (55)

Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Marine Ecology Progress Series (2015)

Beatriz Mouriño‐Carballido E. Hojas Pedro Cermeño Paloma Chouciño Bieito Fernández Castro

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 543:1-19 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11558 FEATURE ARTICLE Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido1,*, Elena Hojas1, Pedro Cermeño2, Paloma Chouciño1, Bieito Fernández-Castro1, Mikel Latasa3, Emilio Marañón1, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán3,4, Montserrat Vidal5 1Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo (Ponteverdra), Spain 2Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain 3Centro Oceanográfico de Xixón, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Avda. Príncipe de Asturias, 70 bis - 33212 Xixón, Spain 4King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 5Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, Edifici Margalef, 08028 Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: bmourino@uvigo.es ABSTRACT: We investigated the influence of ocean mixing and nutrient supply dynamics on picoplankton community composition in the context of Margalef's Mandala (Margalef 1978). Simultaneous measurements of microturbulence, nutrient concentration, and autotrophic and heterotrophic picoplankton properties, were collected during 3 cruises carried out in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in March (F1), April/May (F2) and September (F3) 2009. The 3 cruises sampled different oceanographic conditions, starting with early stages of the late winter-early spring bloom, followed by the late stage of the bloom, and finally summer stratification. As a result of the variability in vertical diffusivity and the nitrate gradient across the nitracline, nitrate vertical fluxes were higher during F1 (23 ± 35 mmol m-2 d-1), compared to F2 (0.4 ± 0.2 mmol m-2 d-1) and F3 (0.09 ± 0.09 mmol m-2 d-1). Prochlorococcus abundance was low when nitrate supply was high, Synechococcus exhibited the highest abundances at intermediate levels of nitrate supply and highest irradiance during F2, and large and small picoeukaryotic groups increased their abundance under high nutrient supply in F1. No significant relationships between the abundance of high and low nucleic acid heterotrophic bacteria and nitrate supply were found. In agreement with Margalef's model, our results show different responses of picophytoplankton groups to nitrate supply (probably reflecting differences in nutrient uptake abilities), and that the ratio of prokaryotic to picoeukaryotic photoautotrophic biomass decreases with increasing nitrate supply. KEY WORDS: Turbulence · Nutrient supply · Margalef's Mandala · Picoplankton · Mediterranean Sea Full text in pdf format Information about this Feature Article NextCite this article as: Mouriño-Carballido B, Hojas E, Cermeño P, Chouciño P and others (2016) Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 543:1-19. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11558 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 543. Online publication date: February 03, 2016 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2016 Inter-Research.

Picoplankton

Prochlorococcus

10.3354/meps11558

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Citations (46)

Eddies as trigger for diatom productivity in the open-ocean Northeast Atlantic

Progress In Oceanography (2016)

Oscar E Romero Gerhard Fischer Johannes Karstensen Pedro Cermeño

Sediment trap

New production

Nitzschia

Biological pump

Bloom

10.1016/j.pocean.2016.07.011

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Citations (20)

Diversification patterns of planktic foraminifera in the fossil record

Marine Micropaleontology (2013)

Pedro Cermeño Alexandra Castro-Bugallo Sergio M. Vallina

Paleogene

Origination

10.1016/j.marmicro.2013.09.003

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Citations (4)

Continental erosion and the Cenozoic rise of marine diatoms

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2015)

Pedro Cermeño Paul G. Falkowski Oscar E Romero Morgan F. Schaller Sergio M. Vallina

Significance Diatoms are silica-precipitating microalgae responsible for roughly one-fifth of global primary production. The mechanisms that led these microorganisms to become one of the most prominent primary producers on Earth remain unclear. We explore the linkage between the erosion of continental silicates and the ecological success of marine diatoms over the last 40 My. We show that the diversification and geographic expansion of diatoms coincide with periods of increased continental weathering fluxes and silicic acid input to the oceans. On geological time scales, the ocean’s biologically driven sequestration of organic carbon (the biological pump) is proportional to the input flux of inorganic nutrients to the oceans. Our results suggest that the strength and efficiency of the biological pump increased over geological time.

Silicic acid

Biological pump

10.1073/pnas.1412883112

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Citations (94)

The role of nutricline depth in regulating the ocean carbon cycle

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2008)

Pedro Cermeño Stephanie Dutkiewicz Roger Harris Mick Follows Oscar Schofield

Carbon uptake by marine phytoplankton, and its export as organic matter to the ocean interior (i.e., the "biological pump"), lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) in the upper ocean and facilitates the diffusive drawdown of atmospheric CO(2). Conversely, precipitation of calcium carbonate by marine planktonic calcifiers such as coccolithophorids increases pCO(2) and promotes its outgassing (i.e., the "alkalinity pump"). Over the past approximately 100 million years, these two carbon fluxes have been modulated by the relative abundance of diatoms and coccolithophores, resulting in biological feedback on atmospheric CO(2) and Earth's climate; yet, the processes determining the relative distribution of these two phytoplankton taxa remain poorly understood. We analyzed phytoplankton community composition in the Atlantic Ocean and show that the distribution of diatoms and coccolithophorids is correlated with the nutricline depth, a proxy of nutrient supply to the upper mixed layer of the ocean. Using this analysis in conjunction with a coupled atmosphere-ocean intermediate complexity model, we predict a dramatic reduction in the nutrient supply to the euphotic layer in the coming century as a result of increased thermal stratification. Our findings indicate that, by altering phytoplankton community composition, this causal relationship may lead to a decreased efficiency of the biological pump in sequestering atmospheric CO(2), implying a positive feedback in the climate system. These results provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the connection between upper ocean dynamics, the calcium carbonate-to-organic C production ratio and atmospheric pCO(2) variations on time scales ranging from seasonal cycles to geological transitions.

Biological pump

Mixed layer

Emiliania huxleyi

10.1073/pnas.0811302106

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Citations (252)