M. L. Somin

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

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Vladimir Kamzolkin

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

S. D. Ivanov

Bauman Moscow State Technical University

Andrew Carter

Birkbeck, University of London

АВ

А. В. Латышев

Institute of Semiconductor Physics

Stephen J. Vincent

University of Cambridge

A. N. Konilov

Geological Institute

Y. Vidjapin

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

James M. Mattinson

University of California, Santa Barbara

A. I. Smul’skaya

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

O. A. Levchenkov

Russian Academy of Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Russian Academy of Sciences

Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits Petrography Mineralogy and Geochemistry

Universidad de Granada

Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra

Geological Institute

Institute of Experimental Mineralogy

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Age of the high-temperature gneiss core of the central Caucasus

Doklady Earth Sciences (2007)

M. L. Somin E. N. Lepekhina A. N. Konilov

10.1134/s1028334x07050066

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Citations (12)

Pre-Jurassic Basement of the Greater Caucasus: Brief Overview

TURKISH JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES (2011)

M. L. Somin

The main units of the Greater Caucasus pre-Jurassic basement are represented by Svanetian and North-Caucasian domains brought together tectonically. The former includes continuous Devonian to Upper Triassic marine sequence devoid of any manifestation of Variscan orogenic activity. In contrast, within the limits of the North-Caucasian domain the Variscan events are expressed in classical form. This domain is very heterogeneous and contains both metamorphosed and unmetamorphosed formations. Till recently the former was considered by most authors to be mainly Proterozoic. New geochronological data indicate that the predominant part of these complexes is Palaeozoic in their protolith age. Lithology, P/T conditions of metamorphism, types of associated granitoids and other features are changing drastically from zone to zone demonstrating a collage (terrane)-type structure. The southernmost Laba and Buulgen LP/HT metamorphic complexes are essentially mafic, include I-type metagranitoids and originated in island-arc and ensimatic marginal sea environments. Steep tightly compressed SW-vergent folds, partly as a result of the Early Alpine deformation, are developed. Palaeontological and U-Pb TIMS, SHRIMP and other data yielded mostly Middle Palaeozoic ages for these complexes. Next to the north of the Makera and Gondaray complexes of the Main Range zone are also of LP/HT type but they are typical ensialic and are replaced by huge masses of the Upper Palaeozoic S-type granite. Gentle monocline and dome-like position of foliation is characteristic for this zone. Zircon dating had established Silurian and Devonian age of the Gondaray complex metamagmatic rocks, and mostly Ordovician of the Makera complex ones. Zircon of migmatite's leucosome showed the Late Palaeozoic age of the peak metamorphism, which occurred almost synchronously with the S-granite crystallization. The Fore Range zone is characterized by column of pre-Upper Palaeozoic nappes. Its lowermost unit, the Blyb complex of krystallinikum, previously has been considered by most authors as an old (Proterozoic) basement for the overlying Middle Palaeozoic greenstone island arc sequences. New data indicate that the Blyb complex is an essentially ensimatic HP/LT formation partly coeval to the island arc. It forms a dome-like tectonic window cut in the arc and overlying ophiolite and the Atsgara metamorphic nappes. The Pass area of the Main Range is supposed to be the root zone of these nappes. The northernmost pre-Jurassic tectonic zone of the Greater Caucasus is Bechasyn. It includes a greenschist (-blueschist?) basement and transgressive sedimentary cover. New data on zircons demonstrated that both units are Lower Palaeozoic although tectonic wedges of Cadomian basement also exist there. The data permit to propose that in the Middle Palaeozoic the main subduction zone of the Greater Caucasus was disposed in the Fore Range zone and magmatic and metamorphic events within the Main Range were probably connected with activity of this zone.

Devonian

Basement

Protolith

Lithology

10.3906/yer-1008-6

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Citations (57)

Evidence of the regional Armov nappe in the crystalline basement of the Fore Range zone of the Greater Caucasus

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2018)

Vladimir Kamzolkin Anton Latyshev Y. Vidjapin M. L. Somin S. D. Ivanov

Basement

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Citations (0)

40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb evidence for late proterozoic (Grenville-age) continental crust in north-central Cuba and regional tectonic implications

Precambrian Research (1989)

Paul R. Renne James M. Mattinson Charles Hatten M. L. Somin T. C. Onstott

Basement

Batholith

10.1016/0301-9268(89)90017-x

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Citations (57)

Testing Models of Cenozoic Exhumation in the Western Greater Caucasus

Tectonics (2020)

Stephen J. Vincent M. L. Somin Andrew Carter Giovanni Vezzoli Matthew Fox

Abstract The Greater Caucasus form the northernmost deformation front of the Arabia‐Eurasia collision zone. Earlier thermochronometric studies on the crystalline core of the western Greater Caucasus highlighted an abrupt along‐strike increase in cooling ages to the west of Mt. Elbrus. Twenty‐eight thermochronometric analyses conducted as part of this study confirm this pattern. Overall Cenozoic exhumation was restricted to less than 5–7 km, with slow to moderate punctuated Oligo‐Miocene cooling. Cooling rates increased during the Late Miocene to Pliocene. These are most rapid east of Mt. Elbrus, where they probably increased later than farther west (at c. 5 Ma rather than 10–8 Ma). Differential cooling rates do not appear to be driven by lateral variations in tectonic shortening. The region undergoing rapid young cooling does coincide, however, with an area of mantle‐sourced Late Miocene and younger magmatism. Thermal relaxation or overprinting is ruled out because geomorphic and modern sediment flux data mirror the thermochronometric trends. The buoyancy effects of demonstrable mantle upwelling are capable of causing the magnitude of exhumation‐related cooling recorded in this study, but typically act over wavelengths of several 100 km. We suggest that lithospheric heterogeneities are responsible for modulating the shorter wavelength differences in exhumation rate documented here. These heterogeneities may include the continuation of the same structures responsible for the eastern margin of the Stavropol High to the north of the Caucasus, although further work is required. Similar abrupt variations in mantle‐supported uplift and exhumation modulated by crustal structure may occur in other mountain belts worldwide.

Neogene

Overprinting

10.1029/2018tc005451

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Citations (30)

New data on the structure and age of the crystalline basement of the Fore Range of the Greater Caucasus

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2019)

Е. P. Kulakova Vladimir Kamzolkin Anton Latyshev Yuri Vidyapin M. L. Somin

Basement

Source

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Citations (1)

Late Vendian Complexes in the Structure of Metamorphic Basement of the Fore Range Zone, Greater Caucasus

Geotectonics (2018)

Vladimir Kamzolkin А. В. Латышев Yu. P. Vidyapin M. L. Somin A. I. Smul’skaya

Massif

Basement

Outcrop

10.1134/s0016852118030020

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Citations (6)

Chuchkhur xenoliths and tectonic position of Middle Paleozoic volcano-sedimentary sequences in the Peredovoi Range, northern Caucasus

Doklady Earth Sciences (2009)

M. L. Somin Yu. Ya. Potapenko A. I. Smul’skaya

Xenolith

10.1134/s1028334x09070125

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Citations (5)

Timing and Evolution of Cretaceous Island Arc Magmatism in Central Cuba: Implications for the History of Arc Systems in the Northwestern Caribbean

The Journal of Geology (2011)

Yamirka Rojas‐Agramonte Alfred Kröner Antonio García‐Casco M. L. Somin Manuel A. Iturralde-Vinent

SHRIMP and conventional zircon dating place temporal constraints on the evolution of the Cretaceous Volcanic Arc system in central Cuba. The arc has a consistent stratigraphy across strike, with the oldest and deepest rocks in the south (in tectonic contact with the ∼5–10-km-wide Mabujina Amphibolite Complex [MAC]) and younger rocks in the north. The MAC is thought to represent the deepest exposed section of the Cretaceous Volcanic Arc and its oceanic basement in Cuba. We undertook a single zircon geochronological study of five gneisses and two amphibolites from the MAC and seven rocks from the Manicaragua Batholith, which intrudes both the MAC and the Cretaceous Volcanic Arc. A SHRIMP zircon age of Ma for a trondhjemitic orthogneiss (MAC) from the Jicaya River dates the oldest phase of granitoid magmatism in this area and the entire Caribbean (Antillean) region. A tonalitic gneiss collected near the previous sample yielded an age of Ma, and a further tonalitic gneiss had an age of Ma, with one inherited zircon at Ma. Two trondhjemitic orthogneisses from the central part of the MAC yielded ages of and Ma, whereas two amphibolites from the eastern part of the complex provided similar ages of ca. 93 Ma and zircon inheritance at 315, 471, 903, and 1059 Ma. Two weakly foliated Manicaragua granitoids from the eastern part of the massif provided ages of and Ma, whereas five unfoliated granitoid samples from the central and eastern part of the massif yielded ages of , , , , and Ma. Our age data support the view that the Mabujina Protholiths are exotic and formed somewhere NNW along strike of the nonmetamorphosed Cuban arc since pre–Middle Hauterivian time (before ∼133 Ma). The MAC became part of the Cuban Volcanic Arc during the Turonian (ca. 90–93 Ma), when it was intruded by plutonic rocks of the Manicaragua Batholith (Turonian-Campanian; ca. 89–83 Ma). The geology and geochronology of central Cuba do not support the idea of a polarity reversal event at any stage of the Cretaceous Arc–building process. Because most of our dated samples come from the narrow Mabujina Belt, the polarity reversal model would imply that the axis of a newly developing arc (with opposite polarity) would spatially coincide with the older arc, which appears unlikely. Inherited Precambrian and Palaeozoic zircons in the MAC granitic rocks (similar to inherited zircon populations in the Guerrero terrane from central-western Mexico) suggest a Neocomian proximal setting close to a cratonic area (probably SW Mexico/Maya Block) for the protolith of the MAC relative to the synchronous Primitive Island Arc of central Cuba.

Massif

Volcanic arc

Basement

Batholith

Geochronology

Island arc

Protolith

10.1086/662033

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Citations (52)

AGE AND TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE OF HIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHIC ROCKS OF CUBA

International Geology Review (1992)

M. L. Somin M. M. Arakelyants E. M. Kolesnikov

A combination of geological and isotopic-geochronological (K/Ar, 40Ar/39Ar, U-Pb-zircon methods) studies indicates that high-pressure-low-(in part, intermediate) temperature metamorphic rocks of both coherent complexes and inclusions in serpentinite melange were formed during Cretaceous and possibly to a small extent during Paleogene time. The original rocks are mostly of Jurassic and Cretaceous age. Pre-Jurassic metamorphic rocks have not been found within the complexes investigated. The metamorphic histories of many Cuban eclogites and garnet amphibolites were complex, but nevertheless reflect only a single Laramide tectono-metamorphic cycle. The discovery that the high-pressure meta-morphic rocks of Cuba are young confirms that major lateral displacement of crustal masses played a very important role in the structural development of the island.

Paleogene

Protolith

Metamorphic core complex

Geochronology

10.1080/00206819209465587

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Citations (25)