Yani Najman

Lancaster University

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Eduardo Garzanti

University of Milano-Bicocca

Andrew Carter

Birkbeck, University of London

Ian Millar

British Geological Survey

Sergio Andó

University of Milano-Bicocca

Pascale Huyghe

Institut des Sciences de la Terre

Dan N. Barfod

Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre

Giovanni Vezzoli

University of Milano-Bicocca

J.R. Wijbrans

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Chris Mark

Swedish Museum of Natural History

Kimberly G. Rogers

Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research

Cooperative Institutions

International Ocean Discovery Program

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung

University of Bremen

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Lancaster University

University of Cambridge

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

British Geological Survey

University of Potsdam

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UPb LA-(MC)-ICP-MS dating of rutile: New reference materials and applications to sedimentary provenance

Chemical Geology (2013)

Laura Bracciali Randall R. Parrish Matthew Horstwood Daniel J. Condon Yani Najman

Rutile

Geochronology

Trace element

Rare-earth element

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.03.013

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Citations (97)

Insights into the evolution of the Hindu Kush–Kohistan–Karakoram from modern river sand detrital geo- and thermochronological studies

Journal of the Geological Society (2018)

Guangsheng Zhuang Yani Najman Yuntao Tian Andrew Carter Lorenzo Gemignani

The Hindu Kush–Kohistan–Karakoram region is critical to understanding the long-term accretion history of the south Asian margin pre- and post-India–Asia collision and the impact of these collisions on the development of high topography. However, knowledge about this region remains incomplete owing to sparse studies. Here, we present a study comprising detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology, detrital muscovite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar thermochronology and numerical modelling on 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates. The study identifies zircon U–Pb age peaks at 200, 110–130, 60–80 and 28–40 Ma, supporting the polyphase collisions and crustal growth in the south Asian margin. The modelling study reveals fast cooling–erosion at 115–129, 69–71, 27–35 and <8 Ma, synchronous with collision-related crustal growth, indicating the significant impact of accretion both prior to and post-India–Asia collision. This study, along with studies in eastern Karakoram, reveals along-strike variations in erosion and exhumation with young (since late Miocene) intense erosion focusing on the east–central Karakoram. We suggest that this east–west spatial variation in exhumation may have been associated with more intense crustal shortening, and thus the greater crustal thickness, topographic relief and altitude observed in the eastern compared with the western Karakoram. Supplementary material: Detrital zircon U–Pb ages, detrital muscovite single-crystal 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages and modelling results are available at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4124573

10.1144/jgs2018-007

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Mesozoic–Cenozoic multistage tectonic evolution of the Pamir: Detrital fission‐track constraints from the Tajik Basin

Basin Research (2022)

Lin Li Yani Najman Guillaume Dupont‐Nivet Maurício Parra Pierrick Roperch

Abstract Knowledge of the tectonic history of the Pamir contributes to our understanding of both the evolution of collisional orogenic belts as well as factors controlling Central Asian aridification. It is, however, not easy to decipher the Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonics of the Pamir due to extensive Neogene deformation in an orogen that remains largely understudied. This study reports detrital apatite and zircon fission‐track (FT) ages from both the eastern Tajik Basin sedimentary rocks and Pamir modern river sands. These FT data, supported by vitrinite reflectance and zircon and apatite U–Pb double dating, suggest that the majority of the FT ages are unreset and record exhumation stages of the Pamir, which has served as the source terrane of the Tajik Basin since the Cretaceous. Furthermore, we combine the new data with a compilation of published detrital apatite and zircon FT data from both the Tajik Basin sedimentary rocks and Pamir modern river sands, to explore the Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of Pamir. Deconvolved FT Peak Ages document two major Mesozoic exhumation events associated with the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic Cimmerian orogeny that reflects accretion of the Pamir terranes, as well as the Early–early Late Cretaceous deformation associated with the northward subduction of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean beneath Pamir. The compiled data also show significant Late Eocene–Neogene exhumation associated with the ongoing formation of the Pamir, which peaks at ca. 36, 25, 14 and 7 Ma.

Fission track dating

Neogene

Thermochronology

10.1111/bre.12721

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The initiation and evolution of the River Nile

Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2018)

Laura Fielding Yani Najman Ian Millar Peter Butterworth Eduardo Garzanti

The Nile is generally regarded as the longest river in the world. Knowledge of the timing of the Nile's initiation as a major river is important to a number of research questions. For example, the timing of the river's establishment as a catchment of continental proportions can be used to document surface uplift of its Ethiopian upland drainage, with implications for constraining rift tectonics. Furthermore, the time of major freshwater input to the Mediterranean is considered to be an important factor in the development of sapropels. Yet the river's initiation as a major drainage is currently constrained no more precisely than Eocene to Pleistocene. Within the modern Nile catchment, voluminous Cenozoic Continental Flood Basalts (CFBs) are unique to the Ethiopian Highlands; thus first detection of their presence in the Nile delta record indicates establishment of the river's drainage at continental proportions at that time. We present the first detailed multiproxy provenance study of Oligocene–Recent Nile delta cone sediments. We demonstrate the presence of Ethiopian CFB detritus in the Nile delta from the start of our studied record (c. 31 Ma) by (1) documenting the presence of zircons with U–Pb ages unique, within the Nile catchment, to the Ethiopian CFBs and (2) using Sr–Nd data to construct a mixing model which indicates a contribution from the CFBs. We thereby show that the Nile river was established as a river of continental proportions by Oligocene times. We use petrography and heavy mineral data to show that previous petrographic provenance studies which proposed a Pleistocene age for first arrival of Ethiopian CFBs in the Nile delta did not take into account the strong diagenetic influence on the samples. We use a range of techniques to show that sediments were derived from Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks that blanket North Africa, Arabian–Nubian Shield basement terranes, and Ethiopian CFB's. We see no significant input from Archaean cratons supplied directly via the White Nile in any of our samples. Whilst there are subtle differences between our Nile delta samples from the Oligocene and Pliocene compared to those from the Miocene and Pleistocene, the overall stability of our signal throughout the delta record, and its similarity to the modern Nile signature, indicates no major change in the Nile's drainage from Oligocene to present day.

Detritus

River mouth

10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.031

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Citations (108)

The Late Eocene‐Early Miocene Unconformities of the NW Indian Intraplate Basins and Himalayan Foreland: A Record of Tectonics or Mantle Dynamics?

Tectonics (2018)

Yani Najman Stuart D. Burley Alex Copley Michael J. Kelly Kaushal Pander

Abstract A well‐developed late Eocene to Miocene unconformity, termed the base Miocene unconformity (BMU), is found throughout the intraplate basins of northwestern India and has previously been ascribed to Himalayan tectonics. This hypothesis is investigated by first describing the nature and age of the BMU in the northwest (NW) Indian intraplate basins and then reconstructing the location of the BMU relative to the Himalayan deformation front at the time it formed. We suggest that formation of the BMU in western India cannot be related to Himalayan tectonic processes associated with plate loading and flexure unless the Indian plate had an elastic thickness of >125 km, which is highly unlikely. Furthermore, the resumption of deposition post unconformity rules out inversion due to compression associated with India‐Asia convergence as a cause, as these compressive forces are still present. We note the coeval nature of the unconformity in the NW Indian plate intraplate basins and the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin. If the unconformities of the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin and the NW Indian intraplate basins were formed by a common process, uplift due to circulation in the mantle is the only possible regional‐scale mechanism. Such circulation could be the result of the intrinsically time‐dependent high‐Rayleigh number convection in the mantle, which has resulted in well‐documented unconformities elsewhere, or be the result of subducting slab break‐off beneath the Himalaya.

10.1029/2018tc005286

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Citations (11)

Diagenetic bias and misled provenance reconstructions: mineralogy of Cenozoic Nile Delta sediments and the origin of the Nile

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2019)

Eduardo Garzanti Sergio Andó Mara Limonta Laura Fielding Yani Najman

Nile delta

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Fingerprints of Climate Change in the Detrital-Zircon U-Pb Record of the Deep-Sea Bengal Fan?

AGUFM (2018)

Mike Blum Kimberly G. Rogers James D. Gleason Yani Najman

BENGAL

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Citations (1)

Cenozoic evolution of the Pamir plateau recorded in surrounding basins, implications on Asian climate, land-sea distribution and biotic crises

2014 AGU Fall Meeting (2014)

G. Dupont Nivet Wenhao Yang Tamsin Blayney Laurie Bougeois C. Manceau

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Mineralogical and chemical variability of fluvial sediments

Eduardo Garzanti Sergio Andó Christian France‐Lanord Giovanni Vezzoli P. Censi

⁎ Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 02 64482088; fax: E-mail addresses: eduardo.garzanti@unimib.it (E. Ga (S. Ando), cfl@crpg.cnrs-nancy.fr (C. France-Lanord), gio (G. Vezzoli), censi@unipa.it (P. Censi), vgaly@whoi.edu y.najman@lancaster.ac.uk (Y. Najman). 1 Tel.: +39 02 64482097, +39 02 64482069; fax: + 2 Tel.: +33 383 594220; fax: +33 383 511798. 3 Also at IAMC-CNR UOS di Capo Granitola, 91026 Ca Italy. Tel.: +39 091 23861638; fax: +39 091 347990. 4 Now atWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360W MA 02543, USA. 5 Tel.: +44 1524 593898; fax: +44 1524 593985.

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Citations (41)

On the viability of detrital biotite Rb–Sr geochronology

Geochronology (2024)

Kyle P. Larson Brendan Dyck Sudip Shrestha Mark Button Yani Najman

Abstract. Re-examination of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) sediment samples collected from the Bay of Bengal via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) Rb–Sr geochronology demonstrates the viability of the biotite Rb–Sr system for use as a detrital chronometer. The age population defined by the Rb–Sr dates essentially reproduces that previously published for detrital 40Ar/39Ar dates. The effect of unknown/assumed initial 87Sr/86Sr on the calculated population can be ameliorated by filtering for higher 87Rb/86Sr ratios. Such filtering, however, could introduce bias toward more radiogenic populations, especially in younger material that has not had time to accumulate radiogenic product (e.g. limiting the effect of initial 87Sr/86Sr to ∼ <5 % requires filtering of 87Rb/86Sr >500 at 250 Ma and 87Rb/86Sr >50 at 2500 Ma). Finally, Ti-in-biotite temperatures calculated based on element concentration data collected during LA-ICP-MS overlap with those calculated for the same material based on electron probe microanalyzer data, demonstrating the potential for in situ biotite petrochronology based on the Rb–Sr system.

Geochronology

Radiogenic nuclide

Trace element

10.5194/gchron-6-303-2024

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Citations (2)