S. I. Franco

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

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V. Kostoglodov

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Carlos Villafuerte

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Ricardo Garza‐Girón

University of California, Santa Cruz

Josué Tago

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

V. M. Cruz‐Atienza

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

L. A. Domínguez

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

A. Iglesias

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Miguel A. Santoyo

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Carles Canet

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Darío Solano-Rojas

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Cooperative Institutions

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Instituto de Geofísica y Astronomía

Universidad Autónoma Monterrey

Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

California Institute of Technology

In-Q-Tel

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

United States Geological Survey

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A large silent earthquake in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico

Geophysical Research Letters (2003)

V. Kostoglodov S. K. Singh José Antonio Santiago S. I. Franco Kristine M. Larson

Geodetic measurements from a network of permanent GPS stations along the Pacific coast of Mexico reveal a large “silent earthquake” along the segment of the Cocos‐North American plate interface identified as the Guerrero seismic gap. The event began in October of 2001 and lasted for 6–7 months. Average slip of ∼10 cm produced measurable displacements over an area of ∼550 × 250 km 2 . The equivalent moment magnitude of the event was M w ∼ 7.5. Recognition of this and previous slow event here indicate that the seismogenic portion of the plate interface is not loading steadily, as hitherto believed, but is rather partitioning the stress buildup with episodic, as opposed to steady‐state or periodic, slip downdip of the seismogenic zone. This process increases the stress at the base of the seismogenic zone, bringing it closer to failure. These results call for a reassessment of the seismic potential of Guerrero and other seismic gaps in Mexico.

Seismic zone

Seismic moment

Slow earthquake

Moment magnitude scale

10.1029/2003gl017219

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Citations (266)

Green and Golden Obsidian of “Cerro de Las Navajas”, Hidalgo (Mexico): Geoarchaeological Heritage That Deserves International Recognition

Geoheritage (2021)

Miguel Á. Cruz-Pérez Carles Canet Alejandro Pastrana Silvia Domínguez-Peláez Lucero Morelos-Rodríguez

Geopark

Historical geology

Geotourism

10.1007/s12371-021-00610-7

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Citations (9)

GPS Application : Theoretical Analysis of Coseismic Crustal Deformation of the Subduction Zone Colombia - Ecuador

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2010)

A. L. Ramos Barreto S. I. Franco A. Iglesias

Source

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Reporte preliminar del sismo del 13 de abril de 2007, Guerrero, México

Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana (2007)

S. I. Franco C.C.A. Monro Aída Quezada Reyes Carlos Valdés González Casiano Jiménez Cruz

ResumenEl 13 de abril del 2007 a las 05:42 hrs.(tiempo GMT) se registró, en 27 estaciones de la Red sismológica de Banda ancha, un evento de magnitud Mw = 5.8 proveniente de la costa de Guerrero, México, muy cerca de la ciudad de Acapulco.El mecanismo focal corresponde a un mecanismo de fallamiento inverso con un plano de falla casi vertical.El epicentro de este evento se localiza en la denominada "Brecha de Guerrero", sin embargo, la profundidad a la que se ubica (aproximadamente 30 km) no muestra una correlación directa con la zona sismogénica y por tanto no es posible asociar el evento a una relajación de esfuerzos en esta región.La aceleración máxima observada es de alrededor de 90 gales y se registró en la estación CAIG localizada a menos de 20 km de distancia del epicentro.El análisis de atenuación de las aceleraciones indican un sismo más energético que lo que se había observado para sismos mexicanos de estas características.

10.18268/bsgm2007v59n1a6

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Short-Term Interaction between Silent and Devastating Earthquakes in Mexico

V. M. Cruz‐Atienza Josué Tago Carlos Villafuerte Meng Wei Ricardo Garza‐Girón

The triggering of large earthquakes on a fault hosting aseismic slip or, conversely, the triggering of slow slip events (SSE) by passing seismic waves involves seismological questions with important hazard implications. Just a few observations plausibly suggest that such interactions actually happen in nature. In this study we show that three recent devastating earthquakes in Mexico are likely related to SSEs, describing a cascade of events interacting with each other on a regional scale via quasi-static and/or dynamic perturbations. Such interaction seems to be conditioned by the transient memory of Earth materials subject to the “traumatic” stressing produced by the seismic waves of the great 2017 (Mw8.2) Tehuantepec earthquake, which strongly disturbed the aseismic slip beating over a 650 km long segment of the subduction plate interface. Our results imply that seismic hazard in large populated areas is a short-term evolving function of seismotectonic processes that are often observable.

Remotely triggered earthquakes

10.1002/essoar.10503980.1

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Seismic activity in the Gulf of Mexico. A preliminary analysis

Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana (2013)

S. I. Franco Carles Canet A. Iglesias Carlos Valdés González

The southwestern corner of the Gulf of Mexico (around the Isthmus of Tehuantepec) is exposed to intense deep (> 100 km) seismic activity caused by the subduction of the Cocos Plate.Aside from this, the gulf has been considered a zone of low or no-seismicity.However, a sparse shallow seismic activity is observed across the Gulf of Mexico, even in the most distant areas from the plate boundaries.Some of these earthquakes have been strongly felt (e.g.23/05/2007 and 10/09/2006), and the Jaltipan 1959 earthquake caused fatalities and severe destruction in central and southern Veracruz.In this study we analyze five relevant earthquakes that occurred since 2001.At the central Gulf of Mexico, focal mechanisms show inverse faults oriented approximately NW-SE with dip ~45º, suggesting a link to sediment loading and/or to salt tectonics.On the other hand, we analyzed in the southwestern corner of the gulf some clear examples of strike-slip faults and activity probably related to the Veracruz Fault.One anomalous earthquake, recorded in 2007 in the western margin of the gulf, shows a strike-slip mechanism indicating a transform regime probably related with the East Mexican Fault.The recent improvements of the Mexican Seismological broadband network have allowed the recording of small earthquakes distributed in the Gulf of Mexico.Although intermediate and large earthquakes in the region are infrequent, historic evidence indicates that magnitudes could reach Mw ~6.4.This fact should be taken in consideration to reassess the seismic hazard for industrial oil infrastructure in the region.

Focal mechanism

10.18268/bsgm2013v65n3a2

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Citations (24)

Slow slip events and megathrust coupling changes reveal the earthquake potential before the 2020 Mw 7.4 Huatulco, Mexico, event

Carlos Villafuerte V. M. Cruz‐Atienza Josué Tago Darío Solano-Rojas S. I. Franco

Stress accumulation on the plate interface of subduction zones is a key parameter that controls the location, timing and rupture characteristics of earthquakes. The diversity of slip processes occurring in the megathrust indicates that stress is highly variable in space and time. Based on GPS and InSAR data, we study in depth the evolution of the interplate slip-rate along the Oaxaca subduction zone, Mexico, from December 2016 through August 2020, with particular emphasis on the pre-seismic, coseismic and post-seismic phases associated with the June 23, 2020 Mw 7.4 Huatulco earthquake to understand how different slip processes contribute to the stress accumulation in the region. Unlike two time-invariant interplate coupling models previously proposed for the region, our results show that continuous changes in both the stress-releasing aseismic slip and the coupling produced a high stress concentration (i.e. Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS) of 700  100 kPa) over the main asperity of the Huatulco earthquake and a stress shadow zone in the adjacent updip region (i.e. shallower than 17 km depth with CFS around -500 kPa). These findings may explain both the downdip rupture propagation (between 17 and 30 km depth) and its impediment to shallower, tsunamigenic interface regions, respectively. Interplate coupling time variations in the 2020 Huatulco and the nearby 1978 (Mw 7.8) Puerto Escondido rupture zones clearly correlate with the occurrence of the last three Slow Slip Events (SSEs) in Oaxaca far downdip of both zones, suggesting that SSEs are systematically accompanied by interplate coupling counterparts in the seismogenic zone that in turn have their own potentially-seismogenic stress and frictional implications. In the same period, the interface region of the 1978 event experienced a remarkably high CFS built-up of 1,000-1,700 kPa, half imparted by the co-seismic and early post-seismic slip of the neighboring Huatulco rupture, indicating large earthquake potential near Puerto Escondido. Continuous monitoring of the interplate slip-rate thus provides a better estimation of the stress accumulation in the seismogenic regions than those given by time-invariant coupling models and improves our understanding of the megathrust mechanics where future earthquakes are likely to occur.

10.1002/essoar.10504796.1

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Citations (6)

Slow slip events and megathrust coupling changes reveal the earthquake potential before the 2020 Mw 7.4 Huatulco, Mexico event

Carlos Villafuerte V. M. Cruz‐Atienza Josué Tago Darío Solano-Rojas S. I. Franco

The diversity of slip processes occurring in the megathrust indicates that stress is highly variable in space and time. Based on GNSS and InSAR data, we study in depth the evolution of the interplate slip-rate along the Oaxaca subduction zone, Mexico, from October 2016 through August 2020, including the pre-seismic, coseismic and post-seismic phases associated with the 2020 Mw 7.4 Huatulco earthquake, to understand how different slip processes contribute to the stress accumulation in the region. Our results show that continuous changes in both the aseismic stress-releasing slip and the coupling produced a high stress concentration over the main asperity of the Huatulco earthquake and a stress shadow zone in the adjacent updip region. These findings may explain both the downdip rupture propagation of the Huatulco earthquake and its rupture impediment to shallower, tsunamigenic interface regions, respectively. Time variations of the interplate coupling around the adjacent 1978 Puerto Escondido rupture zone clearly correlate with the occurrence of the last three Slow Slip Events (SSEs) in Oaxaca far downdip of this zone, suggesting that SSEs are systematically accompanied by interplate coupling counterparts in the shallower seismogenic zone. In the same period, the interface region of the 1978 event experienced a remarkably high CFS built-up, imparted by the co-seismic and early post-seismic slip of the Huatulco rupture, indicating large earthquake potential near Puerto Escondido. Continuous monitoring of the interplate slip-rate thus provides a better estimation of the stress accumulation in the seismogenic regions where future earthquakes are likely to occur.

10.1002/essoar.10504796.2

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Boiling and depth calculations in active and fossil hydrothermal systems: A comparative approach based on fluid inclusion case studies from Mexico

Ore Geology Reviews (2015)

Miguel Á. Cruz-Pérez Carles Canet S. I. Franco Antoni Camprubí Eduardo Gonzáléz-Partida

A boiling model that considers the increase of salinity due to the steam loss and uses a combined density of the coexisting vapor and liquid phases was applied to fluid inclusion data from Los Azufres geothermal zone and from an Eocene epithermal vein of Taxco. These case studies are taken as examples of active and fossil hydrothermal systems, respectively. In Los Azufres high temperatures of homogenization (> 300 °C) are commonly attained at depths between 1500 and 2000 m whereas salinity values above 2.0 wt.% NaCl eq. occur within the upper ~ 500 m of the system, suggesting that the geothermal zone is largely affected by boiling. The depths calculated with the boiling model are close to real depths, with accuracy greater than 99% for one case; however, considerably large error (30%) was obtained to the top of the geothermal system due to enhanced CO2 concentrations. Contrastingly, the depths estimated by plotting microthermometric data on boiling point curves (of constant salinity and discarding the effect of vapor on hydrostatic pressure) were systematically shallower than real ones, implying an underestimation of depth of up to ~ 50%. For the application case of the Taxco epithermal deposit, microthermometric data describe a boiling evolution path in the temperature–salinity space although some values deviate from it, thus likely reflecting local mixing with fluids of contrasting salinity. According to our model, boiling occurred from a paleo-depth of 360 m, which corresponds to a current (sampling) depth of about 200 m; this level in the hydrothermal system coincides with the boundary between a lower base metal zone and an upper silver-rich zone. These results suggest that the descriptive models for epithermal deposits could be incorrectly calibrated in terms of depth; therefore, they could be revised and corrected by applying the boiling model used in this paper.

Geothermal exploration

Boiling point

Hydrostatic equilibrium

10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.08.016

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Citations (11)

Deformation in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico, from leveling observations

Journal of Geodesy (2001)

V. Kostoglodov R. Valenzuela A. Gorbatov J. Mimiaga S. I. Franco

Strain (injury)

10.1007/s001900000144

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Citations (19)