Stephen J. Burns

University of Divinity

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Albert Matter

University of Bern

Dominik Fleitmann

University of Basel

Hai Cheng

Xi'an Jiaotong University

David McGee

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Mathias Vuille

University at Albany, State University of New York

R. Lawrence Edwards

University of Minnesota

Nick Scroxton

National University of Ireland, Maynooth

Augusto Mangini

Heidelberg University

Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana

University of Antananarivo

Victor J. Polyak

University of New Mexico

Cooperative Institutions

University of Massachusetts Amherst

University of Bern

International Ocean Discovery Program

United States Geological Survey

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

University of Minnesota

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

ETH Zurich

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Universidade de São Paulo

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Holocene and Pleistocene pluvial periods in Yemen, southern Arabia

Quaternary Science Reviews (2011)

Dominik Fleitmann Stephen J. Burns M. Pękała Augusto Mangini Abdulkarim Al-Subbary

Speleothem

Pluvial

Holocene climatic optimum

Peninsula

10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.004

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Citations (181)

Holocene Sun-Monsoon Linkage Recorded in Stalagmites From Oman

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2004)

Augusto Mangini Dominik Fleitmann Ulrich Neff Stephen J. Burns Manfred Mudelsee

Stalagmite

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Citations (1)

Millennial and orbital scale variability of the South American Monsoon during the penultimate glacial period

Scientific Reports (2019)

Stephen J. Burns Lisa Kanner Welsh Nick Scroxton Hai Cheng R. Lawrence Edwards

The presence of large, rapid climate oscillations is the most prominent feature of the Earth's last glacial period. These oscillations are observed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and into the Southern Hemisphere tropics. Whether similar oscillations are typical of prior glacial periods, however, has not been well established. Here, we present results of a study of the South American Summer Monsoon system that covers nearly the entire penultimate glacial period, from 195 to 135 ky BP. We use a well-dated, high-resolution (~50 y) time series of oxygen isotopes to show that the precession of the earth's orbit is the primary control on monsoon intensity. After removing the precession signal we observe millennial oscillations that are very similar in amplitude and structure to the Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles of the last interglacial and that match well a synthetic reconstruction of millennial variability. Time series analyses shows that the most prominent of the observed cycles occur at considerably longer frequency (~3500 y) that the Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles from Marine Isotope Stages 2-4.

Precession

Milankovitch cycles

East Asian Monsoon

10.1038/s41598-018-37854-3

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Citations (25)

Diagenesis of an ‘overmature’ gas reservoir: the Spiro sand of the Arkoma Basin, USA

Marine and Petroleum Geology (1996)

Christoph Spötl David W. Houseknecht Stephen J. Burns

10.1016/0264-8172(95)00037-2

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Citations (12)

Milankovitch-paced Termination II in a Nevada speleothem?

Geophysical Research Letters (2011)

Jeremy D. Shakun Stephen J. Burns Peter U. Clark Hai Cheng R. Lawrence Edwards

[1] The Devils Hole (DH) calcite record from the Great Basin, Nevada, provided the first radiometrically dated time series of late-Pleistocene climate fluctuations,. In doing so, DH suggested that the penultimate deglaciation, Termination II (T-II), occurred at 142 ± 3 ka, which is ∼10 kyr before the associated rise in summer insolation, helping to launch the "causality problem" for Milankovitch. The interpretation of the DH record has been subject to considerable discussion ever since. We present the first attempt to reproduce the DH record of an early T-II in the Great Basin based on a stalagmite from Lehman Caves, Nevada, which is ∼400 km northeast of Devils Hole. Our speleothem records at least the latter part of T-II over its period of growth from ∼133–129 ka, which appears to disagree with the early timing of T-II in DH. DH also exhibits important differences from many other paleoclimate records over the past two deglaciations, though these are reduced somewhat after ice-volume correcting DH δ18O. We suggest that the climatic signal in the DH record remains to be fully explained.

Speleothem

Stalagmite

Milankovitch cycles

Deglaciation

Paleoclimatology

10.1029/2011gl048560

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Citations (31)

Late Quaternary moisture export across Central America and to Greenland: evidence for tropical rainfall variability from Costa Rican stalagmites

Quaternary Science Reviews (2009)

Matthew S. Lachniet Leah R. Johnson Yemane Asmerom Stephen J. Burns Victor J. Polyak

Stalagmite

Intertropical Convergence Zone

Paleoclimatology

Tropical Atlantic

δ18O

Atlantic hurricane

10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.018

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Citations (36)

Reconstruction of the Amazon Basin Effective Moisture Availability over the Past 14,000 Years

Science (2000)

Mark Maslin Stephen J. Burns

Quantifying the moisture history of the Amazon Basin is essential for understanding the cause of rain forest diversity and its potential as a methane source. We reconstructed the Amazon River outflow history for the past 14,000 years to provide a moisture budget for the river drainage basin. The oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera recovered from a marine sediment core in a region of Amazon River discharge shows that the Amazon Basin was extremely dry during the Younger Dryas, with the discharge reduced by at least 40% as compared with that of today. After the Younger Dryas, a meltwater-driven discharge event was followed by a steady increase in the Amazon Basin effective moisture throughout the Holocene.

10.1126/science.290.5500.2285

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Citations (216)

Evidence for decreased precipitation variability in the Yucatán Peninsula during the mid-Holocene

Gabriela Serrato Marks Martín Medina‐Elizalde Stephen J. Burns Syee Weldeab Fernanda Lases-Hernández

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This work has been accepted for publication in Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. Version of RecordESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary. Learn more about preprints. preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing an older version [v1]Go to new versionEvidence for decreased precipitation variability in the Yucatán Peninsula during the mid-HoloceneAuthors Gabriela Serrato Marks iD Martín Medina-Elizalde Stephen J Burns iD Syee Weldeab Fernanda Lases-Hernandez iD Gabriela Cazares iD David McGee iDSee all authors Gabriela Serrato MarksiDCorresponding AuthorMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4138-0682view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressMartín Medina-ElizaldeAuburn Universityview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressStephen J BurnsiDUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4623-5326view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressSyee WeldeabUniversity of California, Santa Barbaraview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressFernanda Lases-HernandeziDUNAM Campus JuriquillaiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-2214view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressGabriela CazaresiDMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-1800view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressDavid McGeeiDMITiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-3428view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

Peninsula

10.1002/essoar.10502455.1

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First steps toward development of a stable isotope forward model for tropical ice cores: cold air incursions and snow days at Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru

AGUFM (2014)

John V. Hurley M. F. Vuille Douglas R. Hardy Stephen J. Burns

Ice core

Ice caps

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Isotope study of moisture sources, recharge areas, and groundwater flow paths within the eastern Batinah coastal plain, Sultanate of Oman

Water Resources Research (2002)

Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer Stephen J. Burns H.N. Waber Phil G. Macumber Albert Matter

Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses of rainfall samples collected on the eastern Batinah coastal plain of northern Oman between 1995 and 1998 indicate two different principal water vapor sources for precipitation in the area: a northern, Mediterranean source and a southern, Indian Ocean source. As a result, two new local meteoric water lines were defined for the study area. Isotopic analyses of groundwater samples from over 200 springs and wells indicate that the main source of water to the Batinah coastal alluvial aquifer is high‐altitude rainfall from the adjacent Jabal Akhdar Mountains, originating from a combination of northern and southern moisture sources. The groundwater recharged at high‐altitude forms two plumes of water which is depleted in the heavy isotopes 18 O and 2 H and stretches from the mountains across the coastal plain to the sea, thereby retaining a chemical homogeneity horizontally and vertically down to a depth exceeding 300 m. In contrast, in areas adjacent to these two plumes the alluvial aquifer is geochemically stratified. Near the coast, saline intrusion results in abrupt changes in chloride concentrations and isotope values.

Coastal plain

Alluvial plain

Salt pan

10.1029/2000wr000149

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Citations (119)