Mark R Chapman

University of East Anglia

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Nicholas J Shackleton

University of Cambridge

Lúcia de Abreu

National Laboratory of Energy and Geology

B. M. Funnell

University of East Anglia

I.R. Hall

Cardiff University

Maryline J. Vautravers

University of Cambridge

Elizabeth J. Farmer

University of Ottawa

Michael Sarnthein

Kiel University

Mark Maslin

University College London

Mara Weinelt

Kiel University

Peter M Abbott

University of Bern

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

University of Cambridge

University of East Anglia

University of Bristol

Kiel University

Swansea University

Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung

University of Bern

National Oceanography Centre

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

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What level of resolution is attainable in a deep‐sea core? Results of a spectrophotometer study

Paleoceanography (1998)

Mark R Chapman Nicholas J Shackleton

A Minolta CM‐2022 spectrophotometer has been used to characterize downcore fluctuations in sediment lightness and color in core NEAP15K, a 7‐m core collected from the northeast Atlantic Ocean. High‐resolution data series, measured using a 4‐mm‐diameter measurement spot and a 1‐cm sampling interval, were generated along two independent tracks down the core to investigate the statistical significance of fluctuations across the 2–20‐cm‐depth range. This small‐scale variability is characterized by abrupt changes in the lightness and color of the sediment that are several orders of magnitude greater than the instrumental precision. Our results establish that significant information is preserved at the 1‐cm scale in spite of bioturbation effects. These findings demonstrate that high‐resolution studies using conventional paleoclimatic proxies have the potential to recover meaningful century‐scale climate records in regions of the ocean where sedimentation rates exceed 10 cm per thousand years. The coherency of these downcore records also implies that the spectrophotometer is a powerful instrument for establishing precise centimeter‐scale stratigraphic correlations between cores.

Bioturbation

Sedimentation

10.1029/98pa01067

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Citations (43)

Apparent long-term cooling of the sea surface in the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean during the Holocene

Quaternary Science Reviews (2002)

Olivier Marchal Isabel Cacho Thomas F. Stocker Joan O. Grimalt Eva Calvo

Alkenone

Paleoclimatology

Temperature record

Forcing (mathematics)

Holocene climatic optimum

10.1016/s0277-3791(01)00105-6

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Citations (237)

Holocene temperature evolution of the subpolar North Atlantic recorded in the Mg/Ca ratios of surface and thermocline dwelling planktonic foraminifers

Global and Planetary Change (2011)

Elizabeth J. Farmer Mark R Chapman Julian E. Andrews

Globigerina bulloides

Temperature record

10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.02.003

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Citations (31)

Isolation, extinction and migration within Late Pliocene populations of the planktonic foraminiferal lineage Globorotalia (Globoconella) in the North Atlantic

Marine Micropaleontology (1998)

Mark R Chapman B. M. Funnell P.P.E. Weaver

Extinction (optical mineralogy)

Marine isotope stage

10.1016/s0377-8398(97)00041-8

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Citations (10)

Gulf Stream – subtropical gyre properties across two Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles

Quaternary Science Reviews (2013)

Babette Hoogakker Frances Downy M.A. Andersson Mark R Chapman Henry Elderfield

Stadial

Globigerinoides

Gulf Stream

10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.020

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Citations (5)

Surface and Deep Ocean Interactions During the Cold Climate Event 8200 Years Ago

Science (2006)

Christopher R. W. Ellison Mark R Chapman I.R. Hall

Evidence from a North Atlantic deep-sea sediment core reveals that the largest climatic perturbation in our present interglacial, the 8200-year event, is marked by two distinct cooling events in the subpolar North Atlantic at 8490 and 8290 years ago. An associated reduction in deep flow speed provides evidence of a significant change to a major downwelling limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. The existence of a distinct surface freshening signal during these events strongly suggests that the sequenced surface and deep ocean changes were forced by pulsed meltwater outbursts from a multistep final drainage of the proglacial lakes associated with the decaying Laurentide Ice Sheet margin.

Meltwater

Downwelling

10.1126/science.1127213

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Citations (334)

Paleoceanography (1998)

Mark R Chapman Nicholas J Shackleton

A Minolta CM-2022 spectrophotometer has been used to characterize downcore fluctuations in sediment lightness and color in core NEAP15K, a 7-m core collected from the northeast Atlantic Ocean.High-resolution data series, measured using a 4-mm-diameter measurement spot and a 1-cm sampling interval, were generated along two independent tracks down the core to investigate the statistical significance of fluctuations across the 2-20-cm-depth range.This small-scale variability is characterized by abrupt changes in the lightness and color of the sediment that are several orders of magnitude greater than the instrumental precision.Our results establish that significant information is preserved at the 1-cm scale in spite of bioturbation effects.These findings demonstrate that high-resolution studies using conventional paleoclimatic proxies have the potential to recover meaningful century-scale climate records in regions of the ocean where sedimentation rates exceed 10 cm per thousand years.The coherency of these downcore records also implies that the spectrophotometer is a powerful instrument for establishing precise centimeter-scale stratigraphic correlations between cores.

10.1002/palo.v13.4

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Citations (0)

Late Pliocene climatic change and the global extinction of the discoasters: an independent assessment using oxygen isotope records

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology (1997)

Mark R Chapman Alex Chepstow‐Lusty

Oxygen minimum zone

Extinction (optical mineralogy)

10.1016/s0031-0182(97)00035-7

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Citations (31)

Table S1) Age determination of sediment cores from the Labrador Sea