Steven W. Novak

SUNY Polytechnic Institute

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Christopher M. Stevenson

Virginia Commonwealth University

Ihab M. Abdelrehim

Evans Analytical Group (United States)

Thegn N. Ladefoged

University of Auckland

Wuyi Wang

Harbin Institute of Technology

Kenneth Scarratt

Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel

M. A. Reshchikov

Virginia Commonwealth University

Dale G. Wheeler

Thomas Jefferson Foundation

F. Shahedipour‐Sandvik

University at Albany, State University of New York

James E. Shigley

Gemological Institute of America

John L. Emmett

Crystal Research (United States)

Cooperative Institutions

SUNY Polytechnic Institute

Gemological Institute of America

Virginia Commonwealth University

University at Albany, State University of New York

Albany State University

Institute of High Pressure Physics

Polish Academy of Sciences

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

United States Geological Survey

University of Liverpool

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Prehistoric settlement chronology on Rapa Nui, Chile: obsidian hydration dating using infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy

Journal of Archaeological Science (2013)

Christopher M. Stevenson Thegn N. Ladefoged Steven W. Novak

Chronology

Settlement (finance)

10.1016/j.jas.2013.03.019

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Citations (22)

Dating of hydrated obsidian surfaces by SIMS-SS

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (2004)

Ioannis Liritzis M. Diakostamatiou Christopher M. Stevenson Steven W. Novak Ihab M. Abdelrehim

Accelerator mass spectrometry

10.1023/b:jrnc.0000030934.66579.54

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Citations (23)

Pliocene volcanic rocks of the Coso Range, Inyo County, California

USGS professional paper (1986)

Steven W. Novak Charles R. Bacon

Major volcanic episodes occurred in the Coso Range at about 6 m.y., 4-2.5 m.y., and later than 1 m.y. Petrographic features, such as quartz xenocrysts in basalt, sieved plagioclase phenocrysts, broad compositional ranges of phenocrysts within single samples, and occurrence of commingled bombs and lava flows, indicate that many of the intermediate-composition rocks formed by mixing of basaltic magma with silicic material. A large volume, highly silicic center near Haiwee Ridge evolved 3.1-2.5 m.y. ago. This system erupted high-silica rhyolite air-fall and ash-flow tuff and in its later stages rhyodacite lava flows. The evolution of the Coso volcanic field, from early basalt to polygenetic intermediate-composition volcanoes to a comparatively large-volume silicic center, is thought to reflect systematic changes in the least principal stress (S/sub 3/) and the related tectonic extension rate. Beginning about 4 m.y. ago, basalt was erupted onto a surface of little relief, ponding in a shallow north-trending basin. Intermediate-composition magma was produced mainly between 3.5 and 3.3 m.y., at a time when S/sub 3/ may have decreased and the extension rate increased. Thus, Pliocene volcanism progressed through a sequence of compositions and eruptive patterns that reflect the transition from tectonic stability to extension.

Phenocryst

Silicic

Basaltic andesite

10.3133/pp1383

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Citations (29)

Using SIMS to diagnose color changes in heat treated gem sapphires

Applied Surface Science (2004)

Steven W. Novak C. W. Magee Tom Moses Wuyi Wang

10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.171

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High Precision Measurement of Obsidian Hydration Layers on Artifacts from the Hopewell Site Using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

American Antiquity (2004)

Christopher M. Stevenson Ihab M. Abdelrehim Steven W. Novak

Obsidian hydration dating has served as one of the chronological indicators for the Hopewell Culture earthworks (ca. 200 B.C.—A.D. 500) in central Ohio. This work presents new obsidian hydration dates developed from high precision hydration layer depth profiling using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). These data suggest that long-distance exchange in obsidian occurred throughout the Hopewell period.

10.2307/4128406

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Citations (38)

Compositional zoning of a Neoproterozoic ash-flow sheet of the Mount Rogers Formation, southwestern Virginia Blue Ridge, and the aborted rifting of Laurentia

Geological Society of America eBooks (2004)

Steven W. Novak Douglas W. Rankin

The 760 Ma Wilburn Rhyolite Member of the Mount Rogers Formation, in southwestern Virginia, is a mineralogically and compositionally zoned welded ash-flow sheet at least 660 m thick. Compositional zoning, preserved despite greenshist-facies metamorphism, developed in the pre-eruptive magma chamber and was inverted during eruption of the ash-flow sheet. Microphenocrysts of aegerine and riebeckite occur at the base of the sheet, riebeckite alone or with biotite at higher levels, and Fe-rich biotite at the top. Alkali feldspar phenocrysts are more potassic, and riebeckite and biotite exhibit decreasing Mg/Fe toward the top of the ash-flow sheet; F content of biotite increases...

Laurentia

Mount

10.1130/0-8137-1197-5.571

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Beryllium Diffusion of Ruby and Sapphire

Gems & Gemology (2003)

John L. Emmett Kenneth Scarratt Shane F. McClure Thomas Moses Troy R. Douthit

10.5741/gems.39.2.84

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Citations (93)

A NEW DATING METHOD FOR HIGH‐CALCIUM ARCHAEOLOGICAL GLASSES BASED UPON SURFACE‐WATER DIFFUSION: PRELIMINARY CALIBRATIONS AND PROCEDURES*

Archaeometry (2007)

Christopher M. Stevenson Dale G. Wheeler Steven W. Novak Robert J. Speakman Michael D. Glascock

The first European settlers came to North America in the early 17th century using glass in the form of containers and decorative objects. Thus, glass is a horizon marker for all historic period settlements and a potential source of chronometric dates at archaeological sites belonging to the historic period in the Americas. We have developed a new absolute dating method based upon water diffusion into the surface of manufactured glasses that predicts diffusion coefficients based upon variation in glass chemical constituents. Low‐temperature ( < 190 ° C) hydration experiments have been performed on a set of five high‐calcium (21.7–28.3%) glasses that were used to manufacture wine bottles from the 17th−19th centuries. Infrared spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to model the water diffusion/alkali exchange process. The ability of the model to accurately predict archaeological ages was evaluated with artefacts recovered from ceramic‐dated contexts at Thomas Jefferson's plantation known as Monticello.

10.1111/j.1475-4754.2007.00293.x

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Citations (8)

Eruptive history of the rhyolitic Kane Springs Wash Volcanic Center, Nevada

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (1984)

Steven W. Novak

The 19×13 km Kane Springs Wash caldera formed 14 Ma ago following eruption of the three youngest members of the Kane Wash Tuff. Two older cooling units of the Kane Wash Tuff are dated 15.7±0.2 Ma and 14.7±0.2 Ma and apparently erupted from source areas west of the exposed caldera. Volcanic eruptions from the Kane Springs Wash center began about 14 Ma ago with extrusion of trachyte lavas now preserved north of the caldera. Member V 1 of the Kane Wash Tuff overlies the trachytes and is zoned from rhyolite to trachyte. In contrast, overlying members V 2 and V 3 are slightly peralkaline rhyolites (comendite). Eruption of these tuffs 14.1±0.2 Ma ago initiated caldera collapse. Following collapse, trachyte lavas indistinguishable in age from the ash‐flow tuffs erupted within the caldera, forming a 5‐m‐diameter cumulodome whose interior portions crystallized to syenite. This magmatic resurgence formed an extrusive complex within the caldera rather than doming the cauldron block as in classic resurgent calderas. Metaluminous ferroedenite‐rhyolite lavas and associated ash‐flow tuffs then erupted in the “moat” surrounding the central trachyte/syenite complex. Pyroclastic deposits from the domes were covered by trachyandesite and basalt lava flows about 13.4 Ma ago. Biotiterhyolite domes dated 13.4±0.2 Ma continued to erupt in the northeastern moat and appear to be the last silicic eruptions from the Kane Springs Wash magma system. A 13.4 Ma metaluminous biotite‐rhyolite dome containing vapor‐phase topaz overlies the trachyandesite lavas and appears to be the youngest biotite‐rhyolite dome. These intracaldera units filled the moat, resulting in a caldera filled with its own eruptive products. Local basalt flows covered both intracaldera units and outflow sheets between 12.7 and 11.5 Ma ago, prior to Basin and Range faulting. The “dominant volume” of the system was trachytic, as trachyte lavas erupted both prior to and following caldera collapse, and trachyte inclusions occur as scoriaceous bombs at the top of member V 2 . Fractionation of this trachyte magma produced the slightly peralkaline rhyolitic magma that erupted as the Kane Wash Tuff. The shift from an anhydrous mineral assemblage in the tuffs to hydrous assemblages in the later intracaldera rhyolites shows that the system was cooling and was possibly more hydrous in its late stages. Petrographic characteristics of trachyandesite lavas erupted late in the history of the center suggest that they represent basaltic magmas contaminated with silicic material

Trachyte

Caldera

Peralkaline rock

Silicic

Magma chamber

Pumice

10.1029/jb089ib10p08603

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Citations (38)

Using SIMS to diagnose color changes in heat treated gem sapphires

Applied Surface Science (2004)

Steven W. Novak

10.1016/s0169-4332(04)00410-6

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Citations (0)