Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) has recently emerged as one of the most exciting new techniques in the seismic industry, with the potential to deliver incredibly detailed velocity models. We applied FWI to 2D lines from the Exmouth basin, Western Australia. Results showed that FWI can produce excellent high resolution velocity models even if the starting velocity model is far from perfect providing that the input data is rich in low frequencies
D-09 EFFECTS OF BINNING VELOCITY RATIOS ON C-WAVE IMAGING IN THE PRESENCE OF DIPS Abstract xc γ x = 1 + γ asy asy ; 1 FABIO MANCINI 2 1 XIANG-YANG LI 1 ANTON ZIOLKOWSKI 2 and TIM POINTER 3 C-wave processing usually requires iterations involving velocity analysis and binning. As a first step the data are binned using a single value of γ (Vp/Vs) before any P-wave independent velocity analysis therefore sorting the data into Asymptotic Common Conversion Points. We analyse the effects of this initial binning value of γ on C-wave imaging in areas of dipping reflectors. The
We present results of a joint PP- and PS-wave AVO inversion from a multicomponent dataset acquired offshore West Africa. We compare these results with the output of the single, P-wave only, inversion. In both realistic synthetic examples and real data the joint inversion produces a better estimation of the shear impedance reflectivity and of the pseudo Poisson’s ratio reflectivity compared with the single inversion.
This paper reviews the recent developments in converted‐wave (C‐wave) processing for vertical transverse isotropy (VTI), and addresses issues such as how many parameters are required to perform C‐wave anisotropic prestack time migration (PSTM), and how to estimate these parameters. Both recent 2D and 3D data examples will be used to illustrate these developments. The converted‐wave kinematic response in inhomogeneous VTI media is separated into two parts: the zero‐dip response for horizontally layered VTI media and the all dip response from a point scatter. The former controls the stacking process and the latter controls the process of PSTM. The C‐wave traveltime in horizontally layered VTI media is determined by four parameters: the C‐wave stacking velocity VC2, the vertical and effective velocity ratios γ0 and γeff, and the C‐wave anisotropic parameter χeff. These four parameters are referred to as the C‐wave stacking velocity model. In contrast, the C‐wave diffraction time from a point scatter is determined by five parameters: γ0, VP2, VS2, ηeff and ζeff, where ηeff and ζeff are, respectively, the P‐ and S‐wave anisotropic parameters, and VP2 and VS2 are the corresponding stacking velocities. VP2, VS2, ηeff and ζeff are referred to as the C‐wave PSTM velocity model. There is a one‐to‐one analytical link between the stacking velocity model and the PSTM velocity model. Based on the above understanding, we have developed an interactive processing scheme to build the stacking and PSTM velocity model and to perform 2D and 3D C‐wave anisotropic PSTM. Real data applications show that the PSTM scheme substantially improves the quality of C‐wave imaging compared with the DMO scheme, and these improvements have been confirmed by drilling.
A02 CONVERTED-WAVE IMAGING IN ANISOTROPIC MEDIA – PART I: THEORY AND METHODS XIANG-YANG LI 1 HENGCHANG DAI 1 FABIO MANCINI 2 Abstract 1 We review and present the recent developments in converted-wave (C-wave) processing for vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) in two parts. Part I covers the basic theory and methods addressing issues such as how many parameters are required to perform C-wave anisotropic prestack time migration and how to estimate these parameters followed by a 2D data example for illustrating purposes. Part II discusses the extension to 3D. The converted-wave kinematic response in inhomogeneous VTI media is separated into two
Adaptive waveform inversion (AWI) is one of a new breed of full-waveform inversion (FWI) algorithms that seek to mitigate the effects of cycle skipping (Warner & Guasch, 2016). The phenomenon of cycle skipping is inherent to the classical formulation of FWI, owing to the manner in which it tries to minimize the difference between oscillatory signals. AWI avoids this by instead seeking to drive the ratio of the Fourier transform of the same signals to unity. One of the strategies most widely employed by FWI practitioners when trying to overcome cycle skipping, is to introduce progressively the more nonlinear components of the data, referred to as multiscale inversion. Since AWI is insensitive to cycle skipping, we assess here whether this multiscale approach still provides an appropriate strategy for AWI. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 3:05 PM Location: 361F Presentation Type: ORAL
Summary Several recent studies have established that seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) can be used to generate interpretable models of acoustic reflectivity from practically raw seismic data. Owing to their use of the full wavefield and an iterative least-squares approach to optimisation, these models, referred to as FWI images, offer an improvement in image quality over conventional approaches to depth migration, such as Kirchhoff pre-stack depth migration. Furthermore, the ability of FWI – when combined with an appropriate objective function – to begin from a basic initial model and unprocessed data means that these images can begin to be built shortly after acquisition. The effectively limitless scale of public cloud compute allows for these workloads to then be turned around quickly, while reasonable costs can be maintained by leveraging spare capacity markets. In an exploration setting, the availability of high-quality FWI images soon after acquisition can aid in improved and faster decision-making. In this abstract, we demonstrate our proposed workflow using a large subset of a modern surface-streamer dataset that was recently acquired for exploration purposes. 45 and 60 Hz FWI images were generated within weeks of the survey concluding and prior to a conventional fast-track image being delivered.
Summary FWI has become a standard in velocity model building, however standalone FWI has not. To address this, FWI is brought into the model building sequence earlier by alternating RWI and AWI to recover the long-wavelength acoustic velocity model that is usually built by ray-based tomography. The corresponding long-wavelength anisotropy model is extracted using semi-global FWI. Least-squares FWI then has an adequate starting point to commence introducing the full range of length scales into the final model. The outcome is a high-resolution velocity model bypassing tomography, which penetrates over a kilometre deeper than the turning point of the deepest diving waves.