Efraín Gómez‐Arias

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

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Antonio González‐Fernández

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

Surendra P. Verma

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Mario González‐Escobar

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

Jorge Andaverde

Universidad Veracruzana

Rodríguez-González Claudia Alejandra

Ramón Yosvanis Batista Cruz

Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila

Fernando J. Guerrero-Martínez

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Edgar A. Mastache-Román

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

W. Rivera

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

M. A. Pérez‐Flores

NASA Earth Science

Cooperative Institutions

Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos

Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí

Universidad Veracruzana

Ensenada Institute of Technology

NASA Earth Science

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Institut de physique du globe de Paris

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Evaluation of the cooling potential for a single effect absorption cooling system in the PR2 well of Cerritos Colorados geothermal field, Mexico

Energy Exploration & Exploitation (2020)

Juliana Saucedo-Velázquez W. Rivera Efraín Gómez‐Arias G. Gutiérrez-Urueta

Conventional cooling systems consume a high percentage of the world’s total electricity generation. Because absorption cooling systems can be mainly operated with thermal energy, they can be used to reduce such percentage. In the present paper, an analysis is carried out to determine the cooling potential that can be obtained from a geothermal well in a location of Mexico by using a single-stage absorption cooling system. The analysis has been carried out taking into account the desired cooling temperature, the ambient temperature, and the temperatures at different depths of the wells for a typical day of every season of the year. The results showed that, for a fixed generation temperature, a maximum cooling potential as big as 71,594 GW, 70,649 GW, 71,164 GW, 70,859 GW could be obtained in Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn, respectively. Using the temperatures obtained from the well, for a fixed depth, the results show that higher values are obtained in spring and summer. From the analysis, it is clear that absorption systems operating with geothermal energy could be an excellent alternative to reduce the electricity consumed by conventional systems.

Absorption refrigerator

10.1177/0144598720927458

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Citations (5)

Mantle Degassing Through Continental Crust Triggered by Active Faults: The Case of the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (2019)

Ramón Yosvanis Batista Cruz Andrea Luca Rizzo Fausto Grassa R. Bernard Antonio González‐Fernández

Abstract In this work, we report new chemical and isotopic data ( 3 He/ 4 He, δ 13 C CO2 , δ 13 C CH4 , and δD CH4 ) from poorly or previously unstudied hydrothermal and magmatic gases that are emitted along the eastern coast of the Baja California Peninsula (BCP). High 3 He/ 4 He values (up to ~7 Ra) characterize the magmatic gases, while lower ratios (≤1.6 Ra) characterize hydrothermal springs. We infer that the mantle beneath the BCP could be Mid‐ocean‐ridge basalt (MORB)‐likes, as in the rift within the Gulf of California, or it may reflect contamination from C‐rich sediment during paleo‐subduction of the Farallon plate. During their ascent, through the crust, mantle/magmatic gases mix with CO 2 ‐ and 4 He‐rich fluids, thus forming CO 2 ‐rich hydrothermal gases. These hydrothermal gases undergo partial dissolution of CO 2 in shallow waters under different temperature and pH conditions, which further modifies their composition. Thermogenic and possibly abiogenic sources of methane are present only in magmatic gases from the BCP. Secondary methane oxidation (microbial/inorganic) processes are proposed for some hydrothermal gases, which are extremely enriched in heavy isotopes. Finally, we argue that the hydrothermal gases that are emitted from the BCP have variable percentages of mantle contribution, indicating the presence of lithospheric faults enhancing the rise of mantle fluids also in areas where volcanism is absent.

Abiogenic petroleum origin

10.1029/2018gc007987

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Citations (23)

Thermal sensitivity analysis of emplacement of the magma chamber in Los Humeros caldera, Puebla, Mexico

International Geology Review (2009)

Surendra P. Verma Efraín Gómez‐Arias Jorge Andaverde

We present results of our simulation study of the effects of the depth (top of the magma chamber at 5–10 km) and volume (1000–1400 km3) of the primary heat source beneath the Los Humeros caldera. The thermal gradient in the vicinity of the magma chamber calculated from the temperature excess (difference between the simulated and the initial temperatures prior to emplacement of the magma) is more sensitive to its depth of intrusion than to its volume. This relationship was quantified from multiple linear regression equations. The temperature excess at 2–3 km depth due to the emplacement of magma and its conductive cooling is also more dependent on the chamber depth than on its volume. Therefore, in the study of calderas, volcanoes, and geothermal fields, constraining the chamber depth is more important than its volume. Similarly, comparison of the thermal regime inferred along vertical and horizontal profiles shows the importance of solving the thermal transport equations in three dimensions instead of one or two dimensions.

Magma chamber

Caldera

Temperature Gradient

10.1080/00206810903234296

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Citations (28)

Three-dimensional temperature field simulation of magma chamber in the Los Humeros geothermal field, Puebla, Mexico

Applied Thermal Engineering (2013)

Surendra P. Verma Efraín Gómez‐Arias

Magma chamber

Caldera

10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.12.018

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Citations (15)

Analysis of subsurface structures based on seismic and gravimetric exploration methods in the Las Tres Vírgenes volcanic complex and geothermal field, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Geothermics (2021)

Karen L. Casallas-Moreno Mario González‐Escobar Efraín Gómez‐Arias Edgar A. Mastache-Román Cristian A. Gallegos-Castillo

Geothermal exploration

Basement

10.1016/j.geothermics.2020.102026

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Citations (10)

Seismic exploration survey northeast of the Tres Virgenes Geothermal Field, Baja California Sur, Mexico: A new Geothermal prospect

Geothermics (2019)

E.B. Sena-Lozoya Mario González‐Escobar Efraín Gómez‐Arias Antonio González‐Fernández Marianggy Gómez-Ávila

Prospecting

Geothermal exploration

Reflection

Lithology

10.1016/j.geothermics.2019.101743

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Citations (20)

Thermal conductivity of igneous rock cores estimated from shallow wells drilled within the Las Tres Vírgenes volcanic complex, BCS, Mexico

Journal of South American Earth Sciences (2025)

Gómez-Ávila Marianggy Efraín Gómez‐Arias Rodríguez-González Claudia Alejandra Hernández-Paz Juan Francisco Lira-Martínez Manuel Alejandro

10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105404

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Citations (0)

Three-dimensional thermal sensitivity analysis of cooling of a magma chamber in the Los Azufres geothermal field, Michoacán, Mexico

Geothermal Energy (2013)

Surendra P. Verma Efraín Gómez‐Arias

We present three-dimensional simulation of cooling of 63 models of a magma chamber in the Los Azufres geothermal field by varying the top of the chamber depth between 5 and 9 km (centroid from about 7 to 13 km) and its volume between 300 and 600 km3. Nineteen new best-fit cubic equations are presented to represent the temperature field in the geothermal reservoir in terms of the chamber centroid depth, its volume, or both. These equations clearly show that the thermal regime is much more sensitive to chamber depth than to its volume. These simulation results imply that, for a better estimation of the energy budget of a volcanic area, the depth parameter should be better constrained than the chamber volume. Geoscientists are, therefore, encouraged to obtain more reliable estimates of magma chamber depths for active volcanoes and potential geothermal areas. Furthermore, the smallest discretization time and mesh size should be used for solving the heat flow equations in three-dimensions.

Magma chamber

Centroid

10.1186/2195-9706-1-5

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Citations (5)

Three-dimensional temperature field simulation of a cooling of a magma chamber, La Primavera caldera, Jalisco, Mexico

International Geology Review (2011)

Surendra P. Verma Usy C. Arredondo-Parra Jorge Andaverde Efraín Gómez‐Arias Fernando J. Guerrero-Martínez

The La Primavera caldera lies close to the triple junction of the Tepic-Zacoalco, Colima, and Chapala rifts in the western part of the Mexican Volcanic Belt. It is a promising geothermal field with 13 deep wells already drilled. We calculated solute geothermometric temperatures (Na–K, Na–Li, and SiO2) from the chemistry of geothermal water samples; determined values are generally between 99°C and 202°C for springs and between 131°C and 298°C for wells. Thermal modelling is an important geophysical tool as documented in the study of this and other Mexican geothermal areas. Using the computer program TCHEMSYS, we report new simulation results of three-dimensional (3-D) thermal modelling of the magma chamber underlying this caldera through its entire eruptive history. Equations (quadratic fit) describing the simulated temperatures as a function of the age, volume and depth of the magma chamber are first presented; these indicate that both the depth and the age of the magma chamber are more important parameters than its volume. A comparison of 3-D modelling of the La Primavera and Los Humeros calderas also shows that the depth of the magma chamber is more important than its volume. The best model for the La Primavera caldera has 0.15 million years as the emplacement age of the magma chamber, its top at a depth of 4 km, and its volume as 600 km3. Fresh magma recharge events within the middle part of the magma chamber were also considered at 0.095, 0.075, and 0.040 Ma. The simulation results were evaluated in the light of actually measured and solute geothermometric temperatures in five geothermal wells. Future work should involve a smaller mesh size of 0.050 or 0.10 km on each side (instead of 0.25 km currently used) and take into account the topography of the area and all petrogenetic processes of fractional crystallization, assimilation, and magma mixing as well as heat generation from natural radioactive elements.

Caldera

Magma chamber

Dome (geology)

10.1080/00206814.2011.585036

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Citations (24)

Fluid-rock mineral equilibrium and new improved Na/K geothermometers: The case of the Cerro Prieto geothermal field (CP-I), Mexico

Geothermics (2023)

A. Reyna-Avilez Efraín Gómez‐Arias D. Valencia-Cabrera Enrique Tello-Hinojosa Antonio González‐Fernández

10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102822

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Citations (1)