Yang‐Ki Cho

Seoul National University

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Byoung‐Ju Choi

Chonnam National University

Gwang‐Ho Seo

Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency

Tae‐Wan Kim

Korea Polar Research Institute

Yong‐Jin Tak

Gangneung–Wonju National University

Do‐Seong Byun

Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency

Duk‐jin Kim

Seoul National University

SungHyun Nam

Seoul National University

Myeong-Taek Kwak

Chonnam National University

Dinesh Chandra Shaha

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University

Yong‐Yub Kim

IBS Center for Climate Physics

Cooperative Institutions

Seoul National University

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

Chonnam National University

Korea Meteorological Administration

Korea Polar Research Institute

Yonsei University

Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency

Pukyong National University

Hanyang University

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

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Effects of River Discharge and Tide Driven Sea Level Variation on Saltwater Intrusion in Sumjin River Estuary: An Application of Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model

Journal of Coastal Research (2012)

Dinesh Chandra Shaha Yang‐Ki Cho Tae‐Wan Kim

Shaha, D. C.; Cho, Y.-K., and Kim, T.-W., 2013. Effects of river discharge and tide driven sea level variation on saltwater intrusion in Sumjin River estuary: An application of finite-volume coastal ocean model. Salinity intrusion is one of the major problems in the Sumjin River Estuary (SRE). An unstructured-grid finite-volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) was used to investigate the influence of different river discharges and tide driven sea level variation on salinity intrusion in the SRE. The variation of salt intrusion was predicted according to the variation of sea level driven by tide along the open boundary and the river discharge upstream. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data. The model provided a skilled reproduction of the observed temporal and spatial variability in salinity. The ebb flow is seaward from upstream to the mouth of the SRE. The river discharge is a dominant factor affecting salinity intrusion in this estuarine system during the wet season. A power law function has been established between the distance of salt intrusion and river discharge. The salt intrusion length responding to constant river discharges generally follows a power law of −0.14. In contrast, the salt intrusion length shows a better relationship with intratidal sea level variation at low river discharge. This model result allows us to predict salt intrusion in an estuary according to the variation of sea level and river discharge with climate change.

Saltwater intrusion

Discharge

River mouth

10.2112/jcoastres-d-12-00135.1

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Citations (36)

Salt Plug Formation Caused by Decreased River Discharge in a Multi-channel Estuary

Scientific Reports (2016)

Dinesh Chandra Shaha Yang‐Ki Cho

Abstract Freshwater input to estuaries may be greatly altered by the river barrages required to meet human needs for drinking water and irrigation and prevent salt water intrusion. Prior studies have examined the salt plugs associated with evaporation and salt outwelling from tidal salt flats in single-channel estuaries. In this work, we discovered a new type of salt plug formation in the multi-channel Pasur River Estuary (PRE) caused by decreasing river discharges resulting from an upstream barrage. The formation of a salt plug in response to changes in river discharge was investigated using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) recorder during spring and neap tides in the dry and wet seasons in 2014. An exportation of saline water from the Shibsa River Estuary (SRE) to the PRE through the Chunkhuri Channel occurred during the dry season, and a salt plug was created and persisted from December to June near Chalna in the PRE. A discharge-induced, relatively high water level in the PRE during the wet season exerted hydrostatic pressure towards the SRE from the PRE and thereby prevented the intrusion of salt water from the SRE to the PRE.

Saltwater intrusion

Dry season

Discharge

Saline water

Salt water

10.1038/srep27176

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Citations (31)

Effect of model error representation in the Yellow and East China Sea modeling system based on the ensemble Kalman filter

Ocean Dynamics (2016)

Kyung Man Kwon Byoung‐Ju Choi Sang‐Ho Lee Young Ho Kim Gwang‐Ho Seo

Forcing (mathematics)

Buoy

Ensemble forecasting

10.1007/s10236-015-0909-8

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Citations (16)

Improving a prediction system for oil spills in the Yellow Sea: Effect of tides on subtidal flow

Marine Pollution Bulletin (2013)

Chang-Sin Kim Yang‐Ki Cho Byoung‐Ju Choi Kyung Tae Jung Sung Hyup You

Drifter

Forcing (mathematics)

10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.018

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Citations (19)

Seasonal variation of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water and its relation to the bottom current

Geophysical Research Letters (2006)

Young Ho Kim Yun‐Bae Kim Kuh Kim Kyung‐Il Chang Sang Jin Lyu

Analysis of high resolution hydrographic and current data revealed that the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water (KSBCW) flowed into the Korea Strait from May to January and contained two temperature minimums, one in August/September and another in December/January. With the main current flows confined within 70 km of the Korean coast, maximum southwestward bottom currents corresponded with the temperature minimums. Time‐series of bottom current and temperature near the Korean coast clearly showed that the bottom temperature decreased as the bottom current strengthened. Seasonal variation of the KSBCW was linked to the combined effects of the barotropic and baroclinic current variations in the Korea Strait. The annual minimum bottom temperature of the KSBCW was associated with the maximum southwestward baroclinic component. The KSBCW had a secondary maximum southwestward bottom current and secondary minimum temperature in December/January when the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC), flowing into the East/Japan Sea (EJS), had the minimum volume transport.

Barotropic fluid

Boundary current

10.1029/2006gl027625

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Citations (38)

Model Dataset Used In Effect Of The Continental Shelf Waves Originating From The Northern Slope On The Westward Shift Of The Yellow Sea Warm Current

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2017)

Yong‐Jin Tak Yang‐Ki Cho SungHyun Nam

Model dataset used in the paper.

10.5281/zenodo.1059126

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Double peak‐flood current asymmetry in a shallow‐water‐constituent dominated embayment with a macro‐tidal flat

Geophysical Research Letters (2006)

Do‐Seong Byun Yang‐Ki Cho

Tide and tidal current distortions were examined in Hampyung Embayment, a shallow, semidiurnal tide‐dominated bay with large tidal flats, via in situ monitoring. Harmonic analyses reveal that the shallow‐water constituents of the tides and tidal currents are strong in this restricted setting relative to on the open coast. In particular, the amplitudes of the shallow‐water currents constituents (M 4 , MS 4 , M 6 , 2MS 6 ) are three times greater than those of the diurnal constituents (K 1 , O 1 ). The quarter‐diurnal (M 4 + MS 4 ) and sexta‐diurnal (M 6 + 2MS 6 ) current amplitudes account for >35% and >17% of the semi‐diurnal current (M 2 + S 2 ) amplitudes, which account for >42% of total amplitude. The MS 4 current amplitude is as important as that of the M 4 amplitude in the middle of the bay. Such strong generation of shallow‐water velocity constituents induced by non‐linear processes leads to an ebb‐dominated tidal regime with double‐flood current‐velocity peaks.

10.1029/2006gl026967

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Citations (21)

Recent progress in Pacific-Asian Marginal Seas (PAMS) studies

Continental Shelf Research (2017)

Takeshi Matsuno Naoki Hirose Jing Zhang Yang‐Ki Cho Dake Chen

Biogeochemical Cycle

Alkalinity

Total inorganic carbon

Ocean Acidification

Carbon fibers

10.1016/j.csr.2017.07.001

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Quantitative estimation of submarine groundwater discharge using airborne thermal infrared data acquired at two different tidal heights

Hydrological Processes (2019)

Ki‐mook Kang Duk‐jin Kim Yunjee Kim Eunhee Lee Bong‐Gwan Kim

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) plays an important role in coastal biogeochemical processes and hydrological cycles, particularly off volcanic islands in oligotrophic oceans. However, the spatial and temporal variations of SGD are still poorly understood owing to difficulty in taking rapid SGD measurements over a large scale. In this study, we used four airborne thermal infrared surveys (twice each during high and low tides) to quantify the spatiotemporal variations of SGD over the entire coast of Jeju Island, Korea. On the basis of an analytical model, we found a linear positive correlation between the thermal anomaly and squares of the groundwater discharge velocity and a negative exponential correlation between the anomaly and water depth (including tide height and bathymetry). We then derived a new equation for quantitatively estimating the SGD flow rates from thermal anomalies acquired at two different tide heights. The proposed method was validated with the measured SGD flow rates using a current meter at Gongcheonpo Beach. We believe that the method can be effectively applied for rapid estimation of SGD over coastal areas, where fresh groundwater discharge is significant, using airborne thermal infrared surveys.

Submarine groundwater discharge

Biogeochemical Cycle

Groundwater discharge

10.1002/hyp.13387

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Citations (5)

Sinking Tide Gauge Revealed by Space-borne InSAR: Implications for Sea Level Acceleration at Pohang, South Korea

Remote Sensing (2019)

S. Vadivel Duk‐jin Kim Jungkyo Jung Yang‐Ki Cho Ki-Jong Han

Vertical land motion at tide gauges influences sea level rise acceleration; this must be addressed for interpreting reliable sea level projections. In recent years, tide gauge records for the Eastern coast of Korea have revealed rapid increases in sea level rise compared with the global mean. Pohang Tide Gauge Station has shown a +3.1 cm/year sea level rise since 2013. This study aims to estimate the vertical land motion that influences relative sea level rise observations at Pohang by applying a multi-track Persistent Scatter Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) time-series analysis to Sentinel-1 SAR data acquired during 2015–2017. The results, which were obtained at a high spatial resolution (10 m), indicate vertical ground motion of −2.55 cm/year at the Pohang Tide Gauge Station; this was validated by data from a collocated global positioning system (GPS) station. The subtraction of InSAR-derived subsidence rates from sea level rise at the Pohang Tide Gauge Station is 6 mm/year; thus, vertical land motion significantly dominates the sea level acceleration. Natural hazards related to the sea level rise are primarily assessed by relative sea level changes obtained from tide gauges; therefore, tide gauge records should be reviewed for rapid vertical land motion along the vulnerable coastal areas.

Tide gauge

10.3390/rs11030277

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Citations (12)