Filippo Zummo

University of Basilicata

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Antonio Caracausi

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Michele Paternoster

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Gabriele Carnevale

University of Palermo

Antonio M. Álvarez‐Valero

Universidad de Salamanca

Barbara Belelli Marchesini

Sapienza University of Rome

Dario Buttitta

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Andrea Billi

Consorzio Roma Ricerche

Fabrizio Agosta

University of Basilicata

Giulia Marras

Sapienza University of Rome

Barbara Faccini

University of Ferrara

Cooperative Institutions

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Sapienza University of Rome

University of Palermo

Terra

University of Basilicata

Universidad de Salamanca

Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering

National Research Council

University of Perugia

University of Ferrara

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CO₂‐Rich Xenoliths at Mt. Vulture Volcano (Southern Italy): New Constraints on the Volcano Plumbing System

Terra Nova (2024)

Gabriele Carnevale Antonio Caracausi Massimo Coltorti Barbara Faccini Giulia Marras

ABSTRACT This study provides new mineral chemistry data together with micro‐thermometric measurements on fluid inclusions hosted in ultramafic xenoliths (lherzolite, wehrlite, and dunite) brought to the surface by the last Mt. Vulture volcano activity (140 ka; southern Italy), and fed by melilitite‐carbonatite magmas. Petrographic evidence and mineralogical compositions of Mt. Vulture xenoliths are consistent with an origin in the upper mantle. Fluid inclusions in rock‐forming minerals of lherzolite and wehrlite xenoliths are CO 2 ‐dominated. The equilibrium temperature calculated by geothermometric estimates ranges from 1039 C (±36°C) to 1142°C (±15°C), and entrapment pressures of fluid inclusions with post‐trapping re‐equilibration correspond to the local crust–mantle boundary (32 km depth), and to a shallow reservoir located at 12–14 km depth. These results contribute to constrain the origin of these xenoliths and the depth of storage of magmas erupted from Mt. Vulture, where carbonatite‐like metasomatism and mantle‐derived CO 2 degassing occur.

Vulture

Xenolith

10.1111/ter.12745

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Tracing a mantle component in both paleo and modern fluids along seismogenic faults of southern Italy

Authorea (Authorea) (2024)

Filippo Zummo Fabrizio Agosta Antonio M. Álvarez‐Valero Andrea Billi Dario Buttitta

Aiming at understanding the source of the fluids that mineralizing within seismically active fault zones, we study the noble gas isotopes (i.e. helium (He), neon (Ne) and argon (Ar)) in the fluid inclusions (FIs) within the calcite veins sampled along high-angle fault zones of the Contursi hydrothermal basin, southern Italy. The latter basin lies in close vicinity of the MW = 6.9, 1980 Irpinia earthquake and exposes numerous fault scarps dissecting Mesozoic shallow-water carbonates. The isotopic analyses are conducted to identify the origin of the volatiles circulating along the faults at the time of calcite precipitation. Then, outcomes of this discussions are compared with currently outgassing of deep-sourced CO2 coupled to mantle-derived He is in that area, whose output is larger than those from some volcanic areas worldwide. The results indicate that He in FIs is dominated by a crustal radiogenic component (4He), and by an up to 20% of a mantle-derived component (3He), with a highest isotopic signature of 1.38 Ra. This value is consistent with the highest percentage of mantle He associated to CO2 high-flux emission in the investigated area (1.41 Ra). The variability of the He isotopic signature in FIs can result from either pre-or-post trapping processes and seismic activity that modify the pristine He isotopic signature (i.e. derived from the crust and/or mantle) in groundwater along the faults during periods of background seismicity. Such investigations are fundamental to understand fluid migration in fault systems and the role of fluids in processes of earthquake nucleation.

Radiogenic nuclide

Isotopic signature

10.22541/au.172495365.51392389/v1

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Tracing a Mantle Component in Both Paleo and Modern Fluids Along Seismogenic Faults of Southern Italy

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (2024)

Filippo Zummo Fabrizio Agosta Antonio M. Álvarez‐Valero Andrea Billi Dario Buttitta

Abstract Aiming at understanding the source of the fluids that mineralizing within seismically active fault zones, we investigate the noble gas isotopes (i.e., helium (He), neon (Ne), and argon (Ar)) in the fluid inclusions (FIs) trapped in the calcite veins sampled along high‐angle fault zones of the Contursi hydrothermal basin, southern Italy. The latter basin lies in close vicinity of the M W = 6.9, 1980 Irpinia earthquake and exposes numerous fault scarps dissecting Mesozoic shallow‐water carbonates. The analyses of noble gases (He, Ne, Ar) are conducted to identify the origin of the volatiles circulating along the faults at the time of calcite precipitation. Then, outcomes of this discussions are compared with currently outgassing of deep‐sourced CO 2 coupled to mantle‐derived He in that area, whose output is larger than those from some volcanic areas worldwide. The results indicate that He in FIs is dominated by a crustal radiogenic component ( 4 He), and by an up to 20% of a mantle‐derived component ( 3 He), with a highest isotopic signature of 1.38 Ra. This value is consistent with the highest percentage of mantle‐derived He associated to high‐flux CO 2 gas emission in the investigated area (1.41 Ra). We propose that the variability of the He isotopic signature measured in primary FIs can result from early trapping of fluid inclusions or post trapping processes and seismic activity that modify the pristine He isotopic signature (i.e., derived from the crust and/or mantle) in groundwater along the faults during periods of background seismicity. Such investigations are fundamental to understand fluid migration in fault systems and the role of fluids in processes of earthquake nucleation.

Tracing

Component (thermodynamics)

10.1029/2024gc011816

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