Jean Sulem

École nationale des ponts et chaussées

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Siavash Ghabezloo

Laboratoire Navier

Ioannis Stefanou

École Centrale de Nantes

Pierre Delage

Institut Polytechnique de Paris

Didier Subrin

Centre d'études de l'emploi

Hadrien Rattez

UCLouvain

Manolis Veveakis

Duke University

I. Vardoulakis

National Technical University of Athens

Lina‐María Guayacán‐Carrillo

Laboratoire Navier

Anh Minh Tang

Laboratoire Navier

Nicolas Brantut

University College London

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Laboratoire Navier

École nationale des ponts et chaussées

Université Gustave Eiffel

Institute of Geotechnics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Paris-Est Sup

Total (France)

Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs

Université Paris Cité

Institut Français

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Experimental investigation of the early-age mechanical behaviour of oil-well cement paste

Cement and Concrete Research (2019)

Nicolaine Agofack Siavash Ghabezloo Jean Sulem André Garnier Christophe Urbanczyk

Annulus (botany)

Shrinkage

Oil well

10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.01.001

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Citations (42)

The Thermal Volume Changes of the Callovo–Oxfordian Claystone

Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (2013)

Mehrdokht Mohajerani Pierre Delage Jean Sulem Mohammad Monfared Anh Minh Tang

Saturation (graph theory)

Isothermal process

10.1007/s00603-013-0369-8

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Citations (39)

Effect of dehydration reactions on earthquake nucleation: Stable sliding, slow transients, and unstable slip

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (2011)

Nicolas Brantut Jean Sulem Alexandre Schubnel

[1] We study the influence of metamorphic dehydration reactions on the stability of slip in a one-dimensional, spring-slider model. The equations that govern the evolution of the velocity of sliding block and of pore pressure and temperature inside the slip zone are deduced from the mass and energy balance of the multiphases saturated medium and from the kinetics of the dehydration reaction. Such reactions induce two competing effects: a direct increase in pore pressure because they release fluid and a limit in temperature increase because part of the frictional heat is absorbed in the endothermic reactions. The effect of the chemical reaction on the stability of stationary slip is studied. Dehydration reactions increase the critical stiffness at which the system becomes unstable. Depending on the sign of the perturbations, it is shown that dehydration reactions can either (1) trigger a catastrophic increase of pore pressure at quasi-constant temperature leading to vanishing effective stress or (2) trigger an arrest of the fault. Numerical simulations demonstrate the crucial role of initial pore pressure and temperature in the slip zone prior to the onset of the chemical reaction on the subsequent evolution of the system. For highly pressurized fault zones, in which the creep motion of the fault is stable in absence of dehydration reactions, the onset of the reaction can trigger transient slip events induced by chemical pressurization. The magnitude of such events appears to be proportional to the reaction progress. We conclude that metamorphic dehydration reactions strongly modify the nucleation of unstable slip and are a possible origin for slow slip events in subduction zones.

Dehydration reaction

Reaction rate

10.1029/2010jb007876

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Citations (70)

Dehydration‐induced instabilities at intermediate depths in subduction zones

Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (2017)

Nicolas Brantut Ioannis Stefanou Jean Sulem

Abstract We formulate a model for coupled deformation and dehydration of antigorite, based on a porosity‐dependent yield criterion and including shear‐enhanced compaction. A pore pressure and compaction instability can develop when the net volume change associated with the reaction is negative, i.e., at intermediate depth in subduction zones. The instability criterion is derived in terms of the dependence of the yield criterion on porosity: if that dependence is strong, instabilities are more likely to occur. We also find that the instability is associated with strain localization, over characteristic length scales determined by the hydraulic diffusivity, the elasto‐plastic parameters of the rock, and the reaction rate. Typical lower bounds for the localization length are of the order of 10 to 100 for antigorite dehydration and deformation at 3 GPa. The fluid pressure and deformation instability is expected to induce stress buildup in the surrounding rocks forming the subducted slab, which provides a mechanism for the nucleation and propagation of intermediate‐depth earthquakes.

Pressure solution

Slab

Dehydration reaction

10.1002/2017jb014357

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Citations (35)

Strain Localization and Slip Instability in a Strain-Rate Hardening, Chemically Weakening Material

Journal of Applied Mechanics (2012)

Nicolas Brantut Jean Sulem

The stability of steady slip and homogeneous shear is studied for rate-hardening materials undergoing chemical reactions that produce weaker materials (reaction-weakening process), in drained conditions. In a spring- slider configuration, a linear perturbation analysis provides analytical expressions of the critical stiffness below which unstable slip occurs. In the framework of a frictional constitutive law, numerical tests are performed to study the effects of a nonlinear reaction kinetics on the evolution of the instability. Slip instabilities can be stopped at relatively small slip rates (only a few orders of magnitude higher than the forcing velocity) when the reactant is fully depleted. The stability analysis of homogeneous shear provides an independent estimate of the thickness of the shear localization zone due to the reaction weakening, which can be as low as 0.1 m in the case of lizardite dehydration. The potential effect of thermo-chemical pore fluid pressurization during dehydration is discussed, and shown to be negligible compared to the reaction-weakening effect. We finally argue that the slip instabilities originating from the reaction-weakening process could be a plausible candidate for intermediate depth earthquakes in subduction zones.

Hardening (computing)

10.1115/1.4005880

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Citations (40)

On the THM behaviour of a sheared Boom clay sample: Application to the behaviour and sealing properties of the EDZ

Engineering Geology (2011)

M. Monfared Jean Sulem Pierre Delage M. Mohajerani

10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.10.002

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Citations (50)

Thermodynamique des grands glissements souterrains

Revue Française de Géotechnique (2021)

Jean Sulem

Les couplages thermo-hydro-chimio-mécaniques jouent un rôle central dans les grands glissements gravitaires et sismiques. À partir du travail original de Pierre Habib sur la vaporisation du fluide interstitiel comme mécanisme pouvant expliquer les vitesses extrêmes atteintes durant le glissement d’une masse rocheuse, nous donnons un éclairage sur les développements récents sur la physique des tremblements de terre.

10.1051/geotech/2021020

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Citations (0)

A new hollow cylinder triaxial cell to study the behavior of geo-materials with low permeability

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (2011)

M. Monfared Pierre Delage Jean Sulem M. Mohajerani Anh Minh Tang

Saturation (graph theory)

Stress path

10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.02.017

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Citations (53)

Correction to “Thermal decomposition of carbonates in fault zones: Slip‐weakening and temperature‐limiting effects”

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (2009)

Jean Sulem Vincent Famin Hirotomo Noda

[4] The conclusions of the paper are not changed: The endothermic character of the decarbonation reaction limits the co-seismic temperature increase; decarbonation is a source of CO2 that significantly increases the slip-weakening effect of thermal pressurization; the pore fluid pressure exhibits an initial phase of increase due to thermal pressurization, then a sudden acceleration of generated pore pressure when the solid decomposition is activated. The increase of permeability limits the pore pressure that reaches a maximum and then decreases. The numerical results reproduce this pore pressure pulse and the initial fault weakening followed by a restrengthening of the shear stress.

Cabin pressurization

Limiting

Microscale chemistry

Endothermic process

10.1029/2009jb006576

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Citations (12)

Pile response to multi-directional lateral loading usingP–ycurves approach

Géotechnique (2020)

Anaïs Lovera Siavash Ghabezloo Jean Sulem Mark Randolph Marc Kham

The most commonly used procedure for prediction of the behaviour of laterally loaded piles is the P–y curve formulation, which gives a simple but efficient framework to predict the response of the pile. This framework is limited to a single direction of loading, while there are several situations in which a pile is subjected to lateral loads with varying direction, as for example in the case of wind or wave loads. Here an extended framework for P–y curve modelling is presented, in which several springs are considered around the pile perimeter at each depth. The advantage of this framework is that it remains as simple and practical as the original P–y curve method and does not need any further information or parameters. A procedure is proposed for the extension of a given unidirectional model to the corresponding multi-directional one. The effects of multi-directional loading are discussed based on the simulation results. With a change in loading direction, misalignment between load direction and total displacement occurs. In addition, this quite simple model enables deduction of the profile of irreversible soil displacements around the pile at various depths.

Dynamic load testing

Structural load

10.1680/jgeot.18.p.297

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Citations (20)