Chao Fan

Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography

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Shien Ren

Qinghai University

Yanming Zhang

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Chuanfa Liu

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Xiaohong Zeng

Wenzhou Medical University

Qiuyu Huang

Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine

Fan Xu

Ningbo University

Haibo Fu

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhenmei Liao

Fujian Medical University

Xianjiang Tang

Qinghai University

Yanming Shen

Fujian Medical University

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Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fujian Medical University

Qinghai University

Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography

Union Hospital

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology

First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University

Education Department of Fujian Province

Northwest A&F University

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Device closure via minimally invasive left intercostal incision in children with perimembranous ventricular septal defect

Scientific Reports (2024)

Fan Xu Xiaohong Zeng Linfeng Xie Qiuyu Huang Yanming Shen

When treating perimembranous ventricular septal defect, median sternotomy leads to unsightly scar, right subaxillary thoracotomy requires cardiopulmonary bypass, and transcatheter device closure constrained by vascular condition. Using small left intercostal incision, we employed transthoracic device closure to get around these issues. During this study, right subaxillary thoracotomy was used for surgical repair in 117 patients (Surgical group), whereas small left intercostal incision was used for transthoracic device closure in 131 patients (Device group). Retrospective data collection and analysis were conducted. The success rate was comparable (117/117 vs. 130/131, P = 1.000). The device group experienced notably reduced operating time, mechanical ventilation duration, ICU stay, and postoperative hospital stay (All P < 0.001). Given that the device group's incision was much smaller than the surgical group's (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 6.8 ± 1.6 cm, P < 0.001), blood transfusion or drainage tube was not needed. The device group observed a lower frequency of complications, with the exception of small residual shunt. It is feasible and safe to perform transthoracic device closure in children with perimembranous ventricular septal defects via small left intercostal incision. It can be a good minimally invasive substitute for surgical closure when utilized properly.

Closure (psychology)

10.1038/s41598-024-77810-y

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The plant secondary compound swainsonine reshapes gut microbiota in plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae)

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2021)

Shien Ren Chao Fan Liangzhi Zhang Xianjiang Tang Haibo Fu

Plants produce various plant secondary compounds (PSCs) to deter the foraging of herbivorous mammals. However, little is known about whether PSCs can reshape gut microbiota and promote gut homeostasis of hosts. Using 16S rDNA sequencing to investigate the effects of PSCs on the gut microbiota of small herbivorous mammals, we studied plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) fed diets containing swainsonine (SW) extracted from Oxytropis ochrocephala. Our results showed that both long- and short-term treatment of a single artificial diet in the laboratory significantly reduced alpha diversity and significantly affected beta diversity, core bacteria abundance, and bacterial functions in pikas. After SW was added to the artificial diet, the alpha diversity significantly increased in the long-term treatment, and core bacteria (e.g., Akkermansiaceae) with altered relative abundances in the two treatments showed no significant difference compared with pikas in the wild. The complexity of the co-occurrence network structure was reduced in the artificial diet, but it increased after SW was added in both treatments. Further, the abundances of bacteria related to altered alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism in the artificial diet were restored in response to SW. SW further decreased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in both treatments. Our results suggest that PSCs play a key role in regulating gut microbiota community and intestinal homeostasis, thereby maintaining host health. KEY POINTS: • Swainsonine improves the intestinal bacterial diversity of plateau pikas. • Swainsonine promotes the recovery of core bacterial abundances in the gut of plateau pikas. • Swainsonine promotes the restoration of intestinal bacterial functions of plateau pikas.

Swainsonine

Pika

10.1007/s00253-021-11478-6

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