A. Horesh

Hebrew University of Jerusalem

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S. B. Cenko

Goddard Space Flight Center

M. M. Kasliwal

California Institute of Technology

A. Gal‐Yam

Weizmann Institute of Science

I. Arcavi

Tel Aviv University

K. P. Mooley

California Institute of Technology

S. R. Kulkarni

California Institute of Technology

P. Nugent

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

R. P. Fender

University of Sheffield

E. O. Ofek

Weizmann Institute of Science

J. C. A. Miller‐Jones

International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research

Cooperative Institutions

California Institute of Technology

123

University of California, Berkeley

University of Maryland, College Park

Astronomy and Space

University of Oxford

Weizmann Institute of Science

Goddard Space Flight Center

University of Southampton

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

South African Radio Astronomy Observatory

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The black hole transient MAXI J1348–630: evolution of the compact and transient jets during its 2019/2020 outburst

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2021)

Francesco Carotenuto S. Corbel Evangelia Tremou T. D. Russell A. K. Tzioumis

ABSTRACT We present the radio and X-ray monitoring campaign of the 2019/2020 outburst of MAXI J1348–630, a new black hole X-ray binary (BH XRB) discovered in 2019 January. We observed MAXI J1348–630 for ∼14 months in the radio band with MeerKAT and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, and in the X-rays with MAXI and Swift/XRT. Throughout the outburst, we detected and tracked the evolution of compact and transient jets. Following the main outburst, the system underwent at least four hard-state-only re-flares, during which compact jets were again detected. For the major outburst, we observed the rise, quenching and reactivation of compact jets, as well as two single-sided discrete ejecta travelling away from the BH, launched ∼2 months apart. These ejecta displayed the highest proper motion (≳100 mas d−1) ever measured for an accreting BH binary. From the jet motion, we constrain the ejecta inclination and speed to be ≤46○ and ≥0.69 c, and the opening angle and transverse expansion speed of the first component to be ≤6○ and ≤0.05 c. We also infer that the first ejection happened at the hard-to-soft state transition, before a strong radio flare, while the second ejection was launched during a short excursion from the soft to the intermediate state. After travelling with constant speed, the first component underwent a strong deceleration, which was covered with unprecedented detail and suggested that MAXI J1348–630 could be located inside a low-density cavity in the interstellar medium, as already proposed for XTE J1550–564 and H1743–322.

Transient (computer programming)

Black hole (networking)

X-ray transient

10.1093/mnras/stab864

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Citations (51)

The rate of Type Ia supernovae at z≈ 0.2 from SDSS-I overlapping fields

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2008)

A. Horesh D. Poznanski E. O. Ofek Dan Maoz

In the course of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-I), a large fraction of the surveyed area was observed more than once due to field tiling overlap, usually at different epochs. We utilize some of these data to perform a supernova (SN) survey at a mean redshift of z= 0.2. Our archival search, in ∼5 per cent of the SDSS-I overlap area, produces 29 SN candidates clearly associated with host galaxies. Using the Bayesian photometric classification algorithm of Poznanski et al., and correcting for classification bias, we find 17 of the 29 candidates are likely Type Ia SNe. Accounting for the detection efficiency of the survey and for host extinction, this implies a Type Ia SN rate of rIa= (14.0+2.5+1.4−2.5−1.1± 2.5) × 10−14h270 yr−1L−1⊙,g, where the errors are Poisson error, systematic detection efficiency error and systematic classification error, respectively. The volumetric rate is RIa= (1.89+0.42+0.18−0.34−0.15± 0.42) × 10−5yr−1h370 Mpc−3. Our measurement is consistent with other rate measurements at low redshift. An order of magnitude increase in the number of SNe is possible by analysing the full SDSS-I data base.

Extinction (optical mineralogy)

Photometric redshift

10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13697.x

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Citations (27)

Radio afterglows from tidal disruption events: An unbiased sample from ASKAP RACS

arXiv (Cornell University) (2024)

Akash Anumarlapudi Dougal Dobie D. L. Kaplan Tara Murphy A. Horesh

Late-time ($\sim$ year) radio follow-up of optically-discovered tidal disruption events (TDEs) is increasingly resulting in detections at radio wavelengths, and there is growing evidence for this late-time radio activity to be common to the broad class of sub-relativistic TDEs. Detailed studies of some of these TDEs at radio wavelengths are also challenging the existing models for radio emission. Using all-sky multi-epoch data from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), taken as a part of the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS), we searched for radio counterparts to a sample of optically-discovered TDEs. We detected late-time emission at RACS frequencies (742-1032\,MHz) in five TDEs, reporting the independent discovery of radio emission from TDE AT2019ahk and extending the time baseline out to almost 3000\,days for some events. Overall, we find that at least $22^{+15}_{-11}$\% of the population of optically-discovered TDEs has detectable radio emission in the RACS survey, while also noting that the true fraction can be higher given the limited cadence (2 epochs separated by $\sim 3\,$ years) of the survey. Finally, we project that the ongoing higher-cadence ($\sim 2$\,months) ASKAP Variable and Slow Transients (VAST) survey can detect $\sim 20$ TDEs in its operational span (4\,yrs), given the current rate from optical surveys.

Sample (material)

10.48550/arxiv.2407.12097

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SN 2010jp (PTF10aaxi): a jet in a Type II supernova

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2012)

Nathan Smith S. B. Cenko N. Butler J. S. Bloom M. M. Kasliwal

We present photometry and spectroscopy of the peculiar TypeII supernova (SN) 2010jp, also named PTF10aaxi. The light curve exhibits a linear decline with a relatively low peak absolute magnitude of only -15.9, and a low radioactive decay luminosity at late times that suggests a nickel mass below 0.003 $M_{\odot}$. Spectra of SN2010jp display an unprecedented triple-peaked H$\alpha$ line profile, showing: (1) a narrow (800 km/s) central component that suggests shock interaction with dense CSM; (2) high-velocity blue and red emission features centered at -12600 and +15400 km/s; and (3) broad wings extending from -22000 to +25000 km/s. These features persist during 100 days after explosion. We propose that this line profile indicates a bipolar jet-driven explosion, with the central component produced by normal SN ejecta and CSM interaction at mid latitudes, while the high-velocity bumps and broad line wings arise in a nonrelativistic bipolar jet. Two variations of the jet interpretation seem plausible: (1) A fast jet mixes 56Ni to high velocities in polar zones of the H-rich envelope, or (2) the reverse shock in the jet produces blue and red bumps in Balmer lines when a jet interacts with dense CSM. Jet-driven SNeII are predicted for collapsars resulting from a wide range of initial masses above 25 $M_{\odot}$ at sub-solar metallicity. This seems consistent with the SN host environment, which is either an extremely low-luminosity dwarf galaxy or very remote parts of an interacting pair of star-forming galaxies. It also seems consistent with the low 56Ni mass that may accompany black hole formation. We speculate that the jet survives to produce observable signatures because the star's H envelope was mostly stripped away by previous eruptive mass loss.

Balmer series

10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20104.x

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Citations (55)

Swift Observations of the TDE ASASSN-15oi

The astronomer's telegram (2015)

I. Arcavi S. B. Cenko A. Horesh S. Valenti D. A. Howell

Swift

Source

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Citations (1)

A hot and fast ultra-stripped supernova that likely formed a compact neutron star binary

Science (2018)

Kishalay De M. M. Kasliwal E. O. Ofek Takashi J. Moriya J. Burke

Explosive origin of a binary neutron star Some types of core-collapse supernovae are known to produce a neutron star (NS). A binary NS merger was recently detected from its gravitational wave emission, but it is unclear how such a tight binary system can be formed. De et al. discovered a core-collapse supernova with unusual properties, including the removal of the outer layers of the star before the explosion. They interpret this as the second supernova in an interacting binary system that already contains one NS. Because the explosion probably produced a second NS (rather than a black hole) in a tight orbit, it could be an example of how binary NS systems form. Science , this issue p. 201

Star (game theory)

X-ray binary

10.1126/science.aas8693

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Citations (97)

Jansky Array mapping of Gravitational Bursts as Afterglows in Radio (JAGWAR): The VLA Large Program and Initial Results

AAS (2018)

K. P. Mooley Gregg Hallinan Kenta Hotokezaka D. A. Frail S. T. Myers

Jansky

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21 new long-term variables in the GX 339−4 field: two years of MeerKAT monitoring

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2022)

L N Driessen B. W. Stappers Evangelia Tremou R. P. Fender P. A. Woudt

We present 21 new long-term variable radio sources found commensally in two years of weekly MeerKAT monitoring of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 339-4. The new sources vary on time scales of weeks to months and have a variety of light curve shapes and spectral index properties. Three of the new variable sources are coincident with multi-wavelength counterparts; and one of these is coincident with an optical source in deep MeerLICHT images. For most sources, we cannot eliminate refractive scintillation of active galactic nuclei as the cause of the variability. These new variable sources represent $2.2\pm0.5$ per cent of the unresolved sources in the field, which is consistent with the 1-2 per cent variability found in past radio variability surveys. However, we expect to find short-term variable sources in the field as well as these 21 new long-term variable sources. We present the radio light curves and spectral index variability of the new variable sources, as well as the absolute astrometry and matches to coincident sources at other wavelengths.

Spectral index

Variable star

Astrometry

10.1093/mnras/stac756

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Citations (17)

A mildly relativistic wide-angle outflow in the neutron-star merger event GW170817

Nature (2017)

K. P. Mooley Ehud Nakar Kenta Hotokezaka Gregg Hallinan A. Corsi

Kilonova

Electromagnetic spectrum

Outflow