Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecký

Mendel University in Brno

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Jaromír Gumulec

Masaryk University

Simona Dostálová

Mendel University in Brno

Vojtěch Adam

Mendel University in Brno

Lukáš Nejdl

Mendel University in Brno

Jiří Kudr

Mendel University in Brno

Amitava Moulick

Mendel University in Brno

David Hynek

Mendel University in Brno

Wilfried Bursch

Medical University of Vienna

René Kizek

Research Institute of Inorganic Chemistry

Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp

Medical University of Vienna

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Mendel University in Brno

Central European Institute of Technology

Brno University of Technology

Masaryk University

European Union

Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research

Charles University

University of Vienna

Medical University of Vienna

University of Veterinary Sciences Brno

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Effect of Ampicillin, Streptomycin, Penicillin and Tetracycline on Metal Resistant and Non-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2014)

Dagmar Chudobová Simona Dostálová Iva Blažková Petr Michálek Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecký

There is an arising and concerning issue in the field of bacterial resistance, which is confirmed by the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus non-resistant strain and strains resistant to cadmium or lead ions. Metal resistant strains were created by the gradual addition of 2 mM solution of metal ions (cadmium or lead) to the S. aureus culture. An increasing antimicrobial effect of ampicillin, streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline (0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 150, 225 and 300 µM) on the resistant strains was observed using a method of growth curves. A significant growth inhibition (compared to control) of cadmium resistant cells was observed in the presence of all the four different antibiotics. On the other hand, the addition of streptomycin and ampicillin did not inhibit the growth of lead resistant strain. Other antibiotics were still toxic to the bacterial cells. Significant differences in the morphology of cell walls were indicated by changes in the cell shape. Our data show that the presence of metal ions in the urban environment may contribute to the development of bacterial strain resistance to other substances including antibiotics, which would have an impact on public health.

10.3390/ijerph110303233

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Food restriction eliminates preneoplastic cells through apoptosis and antagonizes carcinogenesis in rat liver.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (1994)

Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp Wilfried Bursch Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecký Alexandra Wagner B. Lauer

Restriction of dietary calories reduces cancer formation in experimental animals and probably also in humans. This effect is generally attributed to the inhibitory effect of fasting on cell proliferation. Here we studied the effect of fasting on physiological cell death through apoptosis by using rat liver as a model. (i) In normal liver, involution of hyperplasia by apoptosis was reinforced by food withdrawal and suppressed by feeding. Complete food withdrawal for 8 days or food reduction by 40% for 3 months eliminated 20-30% of normal liver cells through apoptosis. (ii) Putative preneoplastic liver foci exhibited severalfold higher rates of DNA replication and apoptosis than unaltered liver. Food restriction lowered DNA replication but increased apoptosis, which reduced the number and volume of putative preneoplastic liver foci by 85% within 3 months. Subsequent return to ad libitum feeding normalized cell replication and apoptosis but clear differences in the volume and number of putative preneoplastic liver foci persisted throughout the following 17 months. Treatment of animals after food restriction with nafenopin, a peroxisome proliferator and potent tumor promoter, produced only half as many hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas as in animals fed unrestrictedly throughout their lifetime. This indicates that food restriction had actually eliminated a part of the initiated cells. This study demonstrates that food restriction preferentially enhances apoptosis of preneoplastic cells. This effect in combination with lowered cell replication provides protection from carcinogenesis.

Calorie Restriction

Liver Cancer

10.1073/pnas.91.21.9995

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Platinum nanoparticles induce damage to DNA and inhibit DNA replication

PLoS ONE (2017)

Lukáš Nejdl Jiří Kudr Amitava Moulick Dagmar Hegerova Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecký

Sparsely tested group of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) may have a comparable effect as complex platinum compounds. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of PtNPs in in vitro amplification of DNA fragment of phage λ, on the bacterial cultures (Staphylococcus aureus), human foreskin fibroblasts and erythrocytes. In vitro synthesized PtNPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (PtNPs size range 4.8-11.7 nm), zeta potential measurements (-15 mV at pH 7.4), X-ray fluorescence, UV/vis spectrophotometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. The PtNPs inhibited the DNA replication and affected the secondary structure of DNA at higher concentrations, which was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and DNA denaturation experiments. Further, cisplatin (CisPt), as traditional chemotherapy agent, was used in all parallel experiments. Moreover, the encapsulation of PtNPs in liposomes (LipoPtNPs) caused an approximately 2.4x higher of DNA damage in comparison with CisPt, LipoCisPt and PtNPs. The encapsulation of PtNPs in liposomes also increased their antibacterial, cytostatic and cytotoxic effect, which was determined by the method of growth curves on S. aureus and HFF cells. In addition, both the bare and encapsulated PtNPs caused lower oxidative stress (determined by GSH/GSSG ratio) in the human erythrocytes compared to the bare and encapsulated CisPt. CisPt was used in all parallel experiments as traditional chemotherapy agent.

10.1371/journal.pone.0180798

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Citations (69)