Yılmaz Bulut

Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü

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Aİ

Ali İhsan Karayiğit

Hacettepe University

Rıza Görkem Oskay

Hacettepe University

Xavier Querol

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research

Andrés Alástuey

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research

Cemal Tünoğlu

Hacettepe University

Stanislav V. Vassilev

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Alaettin Tuncer

Hacettepe University

Christina G. Vassileva

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Josep Sanjuan

Universitat de Barcelona

Patricia Córdoba

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research

Cooperative Institutions

Hacettepe University

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

University of Patras

Gazi University

Dokuz Eylül University

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hastanesi

Universitat de Barcelona

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Institute of Mineralogy

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Enrichment and distribution of elements in the middle Miocene coal seams in the Orhaneli coalfield (NW Turkey)

International Journal of Coal Geology (2021)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Ümit Okay Yerin Rıza Görkem Oskay Yılmaz Bulut Patrica Córdoba

Marl

10.1016/j.coal.2021.103854

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Citations (30)

Mineralogical and elemental composition of the Middle Miocene coal seams from the Alpu coalfield (Eskişehir, Central Türkiye): Insights from syngenetic zeolite formation

International Journal of Coal Geology (2023)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Rıza Görkem Oskay Patricia Córdoba Yılmaz Bulut Mete Eminağaoğlu

Authigenic

Carbonate minerals

Analcime

10.1016/j.coal.2023.104408

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Citations (3)

Variations in elemental and mineralogical compositions of Late Oligocene, Early and Middle Miocene coal seams in the Kale-Tavas Molasse sub-basin, SW Turkey

International Journal of Coal Geology (2019)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Mustafa Ümit Atalay Rıza Görkem Oskay Patricia Córdoba Xavier Querol

Molasse

Carbonate minerals

10.1016/j.coal.2019.103366

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Citations (35)

Petrography of Feed Coals in the Soma Power Plant, Manisa, Turkey

Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects (2006)

Yılmaz Bulut Ali İhsan Karayiğit

The coal-bearing Soma basin is one of the most productive lacustrine coal basins of western Anatolia-Turkey. This study mainly focuses on petrography of the feed coals (FCs) in the Soma power plant. A total of 16 feed coal samples were systematically collected once a week over an eight-week period from both group boiler units, B1–4 with 660 MW and B5–6 with 330 MW capacity. The most abundant maceral group of FCs is huminite, in which texto-ulminite, eu-ulminite, attrinite, densinite are rich. Liptinite group macerals in FCs include mainly sporinite, resinite, and liptodetrinite, which are considerably higher than the other identified liptinite macerals. In the inertinite group, fusinite and inertodetrinite are more abundant. Identifiable minerals with petrographical studies are pyrite, siderite, other minerals (e.g., carbonates, clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, etc.), and fossil shells. This study shows that FCs used are subbituminous in rank with mean random ulminite reflectance of 0.43%Rr oil from B1–4 units and 0.39%Rr oil from B5–6 units. This indicates that coal rank is slightly higher in the central mines (southern Soma) than in the Denis mines (northern Soma). Keywords: feed coalmaceralpower plantrandom reflectanceSomaTurkey Acknowledgments This study is part of a research project on “Environmental Implications of Power Plant Feed Coal and Ash Geochemistry” under NATO Collaborative Linkage Grant (EST.CLG.979151) and a TUBITAK project (YDABAG-102Y027). The authors gratefully acknowledge this NATO grant for the financial support and TUBITAK for the project study, Prof. Dr. Jim Hower from CAER-USA for ultimate analysis of feed coals, and Dr. Xavier Querol from CSIC-SPAIN for the SEM-EDX analyses.

Liptinite

10.1080/009083190910578

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Citations (10)

Element behaviour during combustion in coal-fired Orhaneli power plant, Bursa-Turkey

Geologica Acta (2006)

S. Esenlik Ali İhsan Karayiğit Yılmaz Bulut Xavier Querol Andrés Alástuey

This study focuses on element behaviour during combustion in the Orhaneli thermal power plant (a 210 MW unit, Bursa-Turkey). A total of 51 samples, feed coals (FCs), fly ashes (FAs) and bottom ashes (BAs), which were systematically collected over an eight-week period, have been analysed for major, minor and trace elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr and REEs). This study shows that FCs on an airdried basis have high moisture (av. 9%), high volatile matter (av. 33%), very high ash yield (av. 53%), relatively high sulfur content (av. 2.14%) and low gross calorific value (av. 1775 kcal/kg). Proximate analyses of combustion residues imply that BAs have higher contents of unburned carbonaceous matter than FAs. Mean values of trace element concentrations in FCs fall within the ranges of most world coals, except for Cr, Cs, Ni and U which occur in concentrations slightly higher than those determined for most of world coals. Some elements such as S, Hg, As, B, Bi, Cd, Cs, Ge, K, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, and Zn are indicating enrichments in FAs. The remaining elements investigated in this study have no clear segregation between FAs and BAs. The mass balance calculations point to Ca content of feed coal controlling the partitioning of elements in this power plant, producing a high removal efficiency for highly volatile elements such as Hg, B and Se, and a high retention of As, Bi, Cd, Cs, Ge, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Tl and Zn in FAs. However, the high enrichment in trace elements of FAs can increase the hazardous potential of this coal by-product.

Trace element

10.1344/105.000000345

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Citations (19)

Meso- and microporosity characteristics of Miocene lignite and subbituminous coals in the Kınık coalfield (Soma Basin, W. Turkey)

International Journal of Coal Geology (2020)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Rıza Görkem Oskay Yılmaz Bulut María Mastalerz

10.1016/j.coal.2020.103624

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Citations (17)

Mass Balance of Major and Trace Elements in a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects (2006)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Yılmaz Bulut G. Karayigit Xavier Querol Andrés Alástuey

Abstract The Soma power plant in western Turkey consists of six 165-MW units (B1–4 and B5–6), of which the first four units (B1–4) burn Early-Middle Miocene feed coals from the lower seam in central mines (southern Soma village), and later, two units (B5–6) use Early-Middle Miocene and Upper Miocene feed coals from the lower and upper seams in Denis mines (northern Soma village). A total of 48 samples, feed coals (FCs), fly ashes (FAs) and bottom ashes (BAs), which were systematically collected once a week over an eight-week period from both group boiler units, B1–4 with 660 MW and B5–6 with 330 MW capacity from Soma power plant, have been evaluated for major and trace elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ti, S, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Cs, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, Li, Mo, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Th, Tl, U, V, Y, Zn, Zr, and REEs) to get information on behavior during coal combustion. This study indicates that some elements such as Hg, Bi, Cd, As, Pb, Ge, Tl, Sn, Zn, Sb, B show enrichments in FAs relative to the BAs in both group boiler units. In addition to these, Cs, Lu, Tm, and Ga in Units B1–4 and S in Units B5–6 also have enrichments in FAs. Elements showing enrichments in BAs in both group boiler units are Ta, Mn, Nb. In addition to these, Se, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe in Units B1–4 and Cu in Units B5–6 also have enrichments in BAs. The remaining elements investigated in this study have no clear segregation between FAs and BAs. Mass balance calculations with the two methods show that some elements, S, Ta, Hg, Se, Zn, Na, Ca in Units B1–4, and Hg, S, Ta, Se, P in Units B5–6, have volatile behavior during coal combustion in the Soma power plant. This study also implies that some elements, Sb and Tb in Units B1–4 and Sb in Units B5–6, have relatively high retention effects in the combustion residues from the Soma power plant. Keywords: bottom ashcoalfly ashmass balanceSomatrace elementTurkey Acknowledgments This study is part of a research project on environmental implications of power plant feed coal and ash geochemistry under NATO Collaborative Linkage Grant (EST.CLG.979151). The authors gratefully acknowledge this NATO grant for the financial support, Prof. Dr. J. Hower for Hg analysis, and Ms. S. Rico, S. Toro, and S. Martinez (IES-CSIC) for sample digestion and ICP analysis.

10.1080/009083190910523

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Citations (20)

Late Miocene aquatic flora from the Yalvaç Basin (Central Anatolia, Türkiye): Biostratigraphy and paleoecology

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (2024)

Elvan Demirci Josep Sanjuan Cemal Tünoğlu Alaettin Tuncer Yılmaz Bulut

Paleoecology

Flora

10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105221

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Variations in Fly Ash Composition from the Soma Power Plant, Turkey

Energy Sources (2005)

Ali İhsan Karayiğit Yılmaz Bulut Xavier Querol Andrés Alástuey Stanislav V. Vassilev

The Soma power plant in western Turkey consists of six 165-MW units (B1–4 and B5-6) and two small 22-MW units (A1–2), the first four units (B1–4) of which burn Early-Middle Miocene feed coals from the lower seam in central mines (southern Soma village), two units (B5–6) use Early-Middle Miocene and Upper Miocene feed coals from the lower and upper seams in Denis mines (northern Soma village), and the later unit A burns relatively clean coals after a washing plant from the lower seam in central mines. Characterization and chemistry of fly ashes in hoppers 1 and 2 from unit B1, and hoppers 1–4 from unit B5 have been studied to determine the variation in fly ash constituents/compositions between the two units. Twenty-four fly ash samples were collected from the hoppers in an array of electrostatic precipitators at 12 h intervals in two days. Data of proximate analysis showed that the fly ash samples have very low volatile matter contents and very high ash yields, as we expected. The ash yield in unit B1 slightly increases from coarser particles (hopper 1) to finer fly ash particles (hopper 2). Lower increase has been also detected in hoppers 1–4 of unit B5. X-ray diffraction (XRD) traces of six fly ash samples selected from each hopper showed that the forming minerals and phases are glass and quartz, the major minerals and phases include lime, anorthite, mullite, anhydrite, hematite, while the minor and accessory minerals are portlandite and gehlenite. Slightly greater contents of lime, portlandite and gehlenite, and lower contents of quartz have been determined in hoppers of unit B1 than in hoppers of unit B5. Results of elemental analysis showed that unit B5 has greater concentrations of Al, Na, K, Ti, Fe, S, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hf, Li, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Ta, Th, Tl, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr, REEs, and lower concentrations of Ca and U than unit B1. Despite these distinctions the mean values for Mg, P, Mn, Sc, and Sr do not show significant variations in the two units. In addition, the mean values for hoppers in both units indicate that some volatile element concentrations, notably As, B, Bi, Cd, Pb, Zn, increases from coarse to finer particle size fly ashes. This implies that the Soma fly ash has variations between units B1 and B5, depending on feed coals and combustion conditions.

Mullite

Anhydrite

Anorthite

10.1080/009083190523811

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Citations (12)

Coal characteristics and biomarker investigations of Dombayova coals of Late Miocene–Pliocene age (Afyonkarahisar-Turkey)

Organic Geochemistry (2015)

Achim Bechtel Ali İhsan Karayiğit Yılmaz Bulut María Mastalerz Reinhard F. Sachsenhofer

Phytane

10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.12.008

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Citations (33)