Sylvie Lorsolo

Verisk Analytics (United States)

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Frank D. Marks

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

Altuğ Aksoy

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

Paul D. Reasor

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

John F. Gamache

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Tomislava Vukićević

University of Belgrade

Robert F. Rogers

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

Kathryn Sellwood

University of Miami

Sim D. Aberson

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jun A. Zhang

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

Xuejin Zhang

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

Cooperative Institutions

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories

University of Miami

NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research

NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory

Florida State University

California Institute of Technology

Colorado State University

Texas Tech University

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction

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An Observational Study of Hurricane Boundary Layer Small-Scale Coherent Structures

Monthly Weather Review (2008)

Sylvie Lorsolo John L. Schroeder Peter Dodge Frank D. Marks

Abstract Data with high temporal and spatial resolution from Hurricanes Isabel (2003) and Frances (2004) were analyzed to provide a detailed study of near-surface linear structures with subkilometer wavelengths of the hurricane boundary layer (HBL). The analysis showed that the features were omnipresent throughout the data collection, displayed a horizontal and vertical coherency, and maintained an average orientation of 7° left of the low-level wind. A unique objective wavelength analysis was conducted, where wavelength was defined as the distance between two wind maxima or minima perpendicular to the features’ long axis, and revealed that although wavelengths as large as 1400 m were observed, the majority of the features had wavelengths between 200 and 650 m. The assessed wavelengths differ from those documented in a recent observational study. To evaluate the correlation between the features and the underlying near-surface wind field, time and spectral analyses were completed and ground-relative frequency distributions of the features were retrieved. High-energy regions of the power spectral density (PSD) determined from near-surface data were collocated with the features’ ground-relative frequency, illustrating that the features have an influence on the near-surface wind field. The additional energy found in the low-frequency range of the PSDs was previously identified as characteristic of the hurricane surface flow, suggesting that the features are an integral component of the HBL flow.

Maxima and minima

10.1175/2008mwr2273.1

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Citations (99)

An Asymmetric Model of the Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Field and Probabilistic Climatology of Structural Parameters

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (2024)

Eric W. Uhlhorn Suz Tolwinski-Ward Sylvie Lorsolo

Abstract A new parametric model of a tropical cyclone’s (TC) surface wind field is proposed, in which parameters are calibrated on over 20 years of direct surface wind measurements from aircraft reconnaissance. The model extends previous formulations by representing structural asymmetries in the inner core and far field. The surface wind representation eliminates the need for uncertain aircraft flight (gradient) level-to-surface extrapolation or pressure gradient formulation conversions to wind speed. Parameters are expanded to wavenumber-1 asymmetric Fourier components around symmetric mean values; symmetric values are found to depend primarily on maximum wind speed and geographic location, while some asymmetric parameters show statistically significant relationships with motion and environmental vertical shear, consistent with recent studies. Finally, a probabilistic representation of the climatology of basin-wide TC wind field structure is constructed by fitting a multivariate statistical distribution to the optimized model parameters. The low-dimensional formulation is suitable for computationally efficient reconstruction of historical TC wind fields, from depression to Saffir–Simpson category-5 intensities, as well as for stochastic simulation in the context of catastrophe risk modeling.

Maximum sustained wind

10.1175/jamc-d-24-0058.1

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Improving wind profile parameterization to better model large hurricane wind fields

31st Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology (2014)

Sylvie Lorsolo

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Observational study of small-scale features present in the hurricane boundary layer

Sylvie Lorsolo

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Three-dimensional structure of Hurricane Rita boundary layer from the IWRAP radar

18th Conference on Atmospheric BioGeosciences/28th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology/28th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology<br> (28 April–2 May 2008) (2008)

Sylvie Lorsolo

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Retrieval of hurricane turbulence parameters using airborne Doppler radar measurements

34th Conference on Radar Meteorology (5-9 October 2009) (2009)

Sylvie Lorsolo

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Multiscale Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Kinematic Structure from Airborne Doppler Radar Composites

Monthly Weather Review (2011)

Robert F. Rogers Sylvie Lorsolo Paul D. Reasor John F. Gamache Frank D. Marks

Abstract The multiscale inner-core structure of mature tropical cyclones is presented via the use of composites of airborne Doppler radar analyses. The structure of the axisymmetric vortex and the convective and turbulent-scale properties within this axisymmetric framework are shown to be consistent with many previous studies focusing on individual cases or using different airborne data sources. On the vortex scale, these structures include the primary and secondary circulations, eyewall slope, decay of the tangential wind with height, low-level inflow layer and region of enhanced outflow, radial variation of convective and stratiform reflectivity, eyewall vorticity and divergence fields, and rainband signatures in the radial wind, vertical velocity, vorticity, and divergence composite mean and variance fields. Statistics of convective-scale fields and how they vary as a function of proximity to the radius of maximum wind show that the inner eyewall edge is associated with stronger updrafts and higher reflectivity and vorticity in the mean and have broader distributions for these fields compared with the outer radii. In addition, the reflectivity shows a clear characteristic of stratiform precipitation in the outer radii and the vorticity distribution is much more positively skewed along the inner eyewall than it is in the outer radii. Composites of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) show large values along the inner eyewall, in the hurricane boundary layer, and in a secondary region located at about 2–3 times the radius of maximum wind. This secondary peak in TKE is also consistent with a peak in divergence and in the variability of vorticity, and they suggest the presence of rainbands at this radial band.

Eye

Rainband

Maximum sustained wind

10.1175/mwr-d-10-05075.1

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Citations (99)

Retrieval of hurricane turbulence parameters using airborne Doppler radar measurements

Sylvie Lorsolo

Clear-air turbulence

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Turbulence structure in the hurricane eyewall region from low-level aircraft observations

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2019)

J. Zhang Frank D. Marks Michael T. Montgomery Sylvie Lorsolo

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Clear-air turbulence

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An Estimation of Turbulent Characteristics in the Low-Level Region of Intense Hurricanes Allen (1980) and Hugo (1989)

Monthly Weather Review (2010)

Jun A. Zhang Frank D. Marks Michael T. Montgomery Sylvie Lorsolo

This study analyzes the flight-level data collected by research aircraft that penetrated the eyewalls of category 5 Hurricane Hugo (1989) and category 4 Hurricane Allen (1980) between 1 km and the sea surface. Estimates of turbulent momentum flux, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and vertical eddy diffusivity are obtained before and during the eyewall penetrations. Spatial scales of turbulent eddies are determined through a spectral analysis. The turbulence parameters estimated for the eyewall penetration leg are found to be nearly an order of magnitude larger than those for the leg outside the eyewall at similar altitudes. In the low-level intense eyewall region, the horizontal length scale of the dominant turbulent eddies is found to be between 500 and 3000 m, and the corresponding vertical length scale is approximately 100 m. The results suggest also that it is unwise to include eyewall vorticity maxima (EVM) in the turbulence parameter estimation because the EVMs are likely to be quasi-two-dimensional vortex structures that are embedded within the three-dimensional turbulence on the inside edge of the eyewall. This study is a first attempt at estimating the characteristics of turbulent flow in the low-level troposphere of an intense eyewall using in situ aircraft observations. The authors believe that the results can offer useful guidance in numerical weather prediction efforts aimed at improving the forecast of hurricane intensity. Because of the small sample size analyzed in this study, further analyses of the turbulent characteristics in the high-wind region of hurricanes are imperative.

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Eddy

10.1175/2010mwr3435.1

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Citations (133)