Identifying and quantifying the relative abundance of minerals is a fundamental part of many aspects of both pure and applied geology. Historically, quantitative mineralogy could be achieved using optical microscopy and point counting. This is a slow and operator dependent process, and practically impossible to achieve in, for example, very fine grained samples. Over the last decade a range of automated mineralogy technologies have arisen from the global mining industry and are being increasingly used in other branches of geology. These technologies, based on scanning electron microscopy with linked energy dispersive spectrometers, have the potential to revolutionise how we quantify mineralogy. In addition, during measurement, the sample textures are also captured, providing a wealth of valuable data for the geologist. In this article we review the current state of automated mineralogy and highlight the many areas of application for this technology.
Research Article| November 01, 2000 Testing the validity of chrome spinel chemistry as a provenance and petrogenetic indicator Matthew R. Power; Matthew R. Power 1Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3SE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Duncan Pirrie; Duncan Pirrie 1Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3SE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jens C. Ø. Andersen; Jens C. Ø. Andersen 1Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3SE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Paul D. Wheeler Paul D. Wheeler 1Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3SE, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (2000) 28 (11): 1027–1030. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<1027:TTVOCS>2.0.CO;2 Article history received: 01 May 2000 rev-recd: 27 Jul 2000 accepted: 07 Aug 2000 first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Matthew R. Power, Duncan Pirrie, Jens C. Ø. Andersen, Paul D. Wheeler; Testing the validity of chrome spinel chemistry as a provenance and petrogenetic indicator. Geology 2000;; 28 (11): 1027–1030. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<1027:TTVOCS>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract In situ and detrital chrome spinels from the Rum layered intrusion, Scotland, show a wide compositional range. In situ, within-seam spinels are relatively rich in Al and Mg, and poor in Ti, Cr, and total Fe. In contrast, detrital spinels have high Cr, total Fe, and Ti contents and low Al and Mg contents and were derived from spinels disseminated throughout the complex. Our data show that the widely used petrogenetic discrimination diagrams are not based on representative data and cannot, therefore, be applied in either provenance studies or the interpretation of altered ophiolitic bodies. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Abstract The Altar Stone at Stonehenge in Wiltshire, UK, is enigmatic in that it differs markedly from the other bluestones. It is a grey–green, micaceous sandstone and has been considered to be derived from the Old Red Sandstone sequences of South Wales. Previous studies, however, have been based on presumed derived fragments (debitage) that have been identified visually as coming from the Altar Stone. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analyses were conducted on these fragments ( ex situ ) as well as on the Altar Stone ( in situ ). Light elements ( Z <37) in the Altar Stone analyses, performed after a night of heavy rain, were affected by surface and pore water that attenuate low energy X-rays, however the dry analyses of debitage fragments produced data for a full suite of elements. High Z elements, including Zr, Nb, Sr, Pb, Th and U, all occupy the same compositional space in the Altar Stone and debitage fragments, and are statistically indistinguishable, indicating the fragments are derived from the Altar Stone. Barium compares very closely between the debitage and Altar Stone, with differences being related to variable baryte distribution in the Altar Stone, limited accessibility of its surface for analysis, and probably to surface weathering. A notable feature of the Altar Stone sandstone is the presence of baryte (up to 0.8 modal%), manifest as relatively high Ba in both the debitage and the Altar Stone. These high Ba contents are in marked contrast with those in a small set of Old Red Sandstone field samples, analysed alongside the Altar Stone and debitage fragments, raising the possibility that the Altar Stone may not have been sourced from the Old Red Sandstone sequences of Wales. This high Ba ‘fingerprint’, related to the presence of baryte, may provide a rapid test using pXRF in the search for the source of the Stonehenge Altar Stone.
Research Article| September 01, 1996 Middle–Late Cretaceous climate of the southern high latitudes: Stable isotopic evidence for minimal equator-to-pole thermal gradients: Discussion and reply G. D. Price; G. D. Price 1Palaeoecology Centre, School of Geosciences, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar B. W. Sellwood; B. W. Sellwood 2Postgraduate Research Institute for Sedimentology, University of Reading, P.O. Box 227, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 2AB, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D. Pirrie D. Pirrie 3Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall, TR15 3SE, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information G. D. Price 1Palaeoecology Centre, School of Geosciences, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom B. W. Sellwood 2Postgraduate Research Institute for Sedimentology, University of Reading, P.O. Box 227, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 2AB, United Kingdom D. Pirrie 3Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Redruth, Cornwall, TR15 3SE, United Kingdom Publisher: Geological Society of America First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (1996) 108 (9): 1192–1196. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<1192:MLCCOT>2.3.CO;2 Article history First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation G. D. Price, B. W. Sellwood, D. Pirrie; Middle–Late Cretaceous climate of the southern high latitudes: Stable isotopic evidence for minimal equator-to-pole thermal gradients: Discussion and reply. GSA Bulletin 1996;; 108 (9): 1192–1196. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<1192:MLCCOT>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract No Abstract Available. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
The regional geology and lithostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous strata of north-east James Ross Island have been described by a number of authors (e.g. Olivero et al. 1986, Pirrie 1989). The aim of this short note is to describe a sequence of strata currently assigned to the Santa Marta Formation, and to reinterpret the processes and environments of deposition of this sequence.
Mecochirid lobsters assigned to the genus Pseudoglyphea Oppel, 1861 have previously been recorded from several localities in Europe. In this paper Pseudoglyphea foersteri sp. nov. is described from the Lower Jurassic of Raasay, Inner Hebrides, Scotland, providing the first evidence of a vagile benthic predator/scavenger in the Scalpa Sandstone Formation. Re‐examination of the systematic placement of the genus supports allying the Mecochiridae with the Glypheidae within the Astacidea, not the Palinura as traditionally done.
Abstract Direct evidence of ancient human occupation is typically established through archaeological excavation. Excavations are costly and destructive, and practically impossible in some lake and wetland environments. We present here an alternative approach, providing direct evidence from lake sediments using DNA metabarcoding, steroid lipid biomarkers (bile acids) and from traditional environmental analyses. Applied to an early Medieval Celtic settlement in Ireland (a crannog) this approach provides a site chronology and direct evidence of human occupation, crops, animal farming and on-site slaughtering. This is the first independently-dated, continuous molecular archive of human activity from an archeological site, demonstrating a link between animal husbandry, food resources, island use. These sites are under threat but are impossible to preserve in-situ so this approach can be used, with or without excavation, to produce a robust and full site chronology and provide direct evidence of occupation, the use of plants and animals, and activities such as butchery.
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