Enyuan Tian

Chengdu University of Technology

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Yang Lai

National Taiwan Normal University

Da-Xing Gong

Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Sheng‐Wei Wang

Taiwan Food and Drug Administration

Ying Qin

Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province

Qing Zhou

Nanjing University

Jiawei Zhang

Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province

Chengshi Qing

China Geological Survey

Haifeng Chen

Jinan University

Jianhua Qin

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Cheng-Hui Hu

Chengdu University of Technology

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China Geological Survey

Chengdu University of Technology

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation

China University of Geosciences

Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ministry of Natural Resources

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Institute of Geology and Geophysics

National Cheng Kung University

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中拉萨地块晚白垩世曲桑格勒花岗岩的成因: 地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素的约束

Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (2021)

Xinxin Wang Guoqiang Yan Hong Liu Hanxiao Huang Yang Lai

摘要: 目前关于班公湖-怒江缝合带的构造演化时限及俯冲方向仍存在较多争议.中拉萨地块北缘发育众多白垩纪岩浆岩，是认识拉萨地块白垩纪时期的岩浆成因机制和构造动力学过程的有效探针.在对尼玛县曲桑格勒花岗正长岩体详细的野外地质调查基础上，对其岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素特征开展了综合研究.曲桑格勒花岗岩的地球化学特征显示其具有较高的SiO2（75.23%~77.66%）、总碱（K2O+Na2O）（8.41%~8.94%）含量，低A12O3（11.96%~12.38%）、CaO（0.18%~0.55%）含量，里特曼指数（σ43）为2.05~2.33，铝指数（A/CNK）为0.99~1.03；富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）如Rb、Th、U、K、Pb，亏损高场强元素（HFSE）如Nb、Ta、P、Ti；轻稀土元素（LREE）富集，重稀土元素（HREE）相对亏损，轻重稀土分异偏低（LREE/HREE=2.42~5.00），呈现典型的“海鸥型”配分模式，具有强烈的负Eu异常（δEu=0.048~0.078），无明显Ce异常（δCe=0.739~1.471）.锆石饱和温度计算结果显示曲桑格勒花岗岩的结晶温度为763.50~850.65℃，平均795.2℃，这些特征与A型花岗岩相符.通过LA-ICP-MS方法测得正长花岗岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为101±1 Ma（MSWD=0.45），表明曲桑格勒花岗岩的岩浆作用发生在晚白垩世早期，具有正的εHf（t）值（4.44~5.85），一阶段、二阶段模式年龄分别为536~592 Ma、702~781 Ma；（87Sr/86Sr）t为0.706 2~0.710 6、（143Nd/144Nd）t为0.512 315~0.512 441、εNd（t）为-6.27~-3.82，（206Pb/204Pb）t为18.653~18.794、（207Pb/204Pb）t为15.709~15.731、（208Pb/204Pb）t为38.960~39.100；构造环境判别图解显示其具有拉萨地块与羌塘地块后碰撞阶段上地壳的变质泥质岩部分熔融的特点，因此曲桑格勒花岗岩应该是碰撞后伸展阶段岩浆活动的产物.结合区域构造演化历史认为曲桑格勒花岗岩源自加厚的拉萨地块中上地壳，受减薄减压效应影响深部前寒武纪变质基底发生部分深熔作用，形成具有以上地壳为主要岩浆源特点的A型花岗岩. 关键词: 西藏 / 班公湖-怒江缝合带 / 中拉萨地块 / 曲桑格勒 / A型花岗岩 / 地球化学 / 地质年代学

10.3799/dqkx.2020.278

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A New Type of REE Deposit Found in Clay Rock at the Top of the Permian Emeishan Basalt in the Yunnan‐Guizhou Area

Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition (2020)

Da-Xing Gong Bo Hui Zongming Dai Yang Lai Enyuan Tian

Mineral resource classification

10.1111/1755-6724.14508

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Origin and metal-enrichment mechanism of sedimentary rare earth element deposits in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, western Yangtze Block, China

Ore Geology Reviews (2023)

Enyuan Tian Bin Xiao Junjun Zhang Jianhua Qin Yang Lai

In southwest China, claystone layers occur in the lower part of the late Permian Xuanwei Formation, immediately overlying the Permian Emeishan flood basalts. The lowermost claystone layers are characterised by high contents of rare earth elements (REEs; 1100–16,000 ppm, average 2700 ppm), indicating a new type of REE deposit. However, the origin of this deposit and the enrichment mechanisms are unclear. We collected samples from 10 sections of the Xuanwei Formation, including REE-rich claystones, siltstones, iron claystones, and tuff. Detrital zircons gave U–Pb ages of 275–245 Ma, εHf(t) values of –16.7 to 8.9, and TDM2 model ages of 0.70–2.32 Ga. The field, petrological, geochemical, and isotopic data suggest: (i) the REE-rich claystones were deposited over 2.6 Myr in the period 257.22–254.62 Ma at a very low average rate of deposition (0.076–0.61 cm/ka), and (ii) the REE-rich claystones were derived from a region of denudation in the inner zone of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province, with the ore metals sourced mainly from syenite but with minor contributions from high-Ti basalts and felsic igneous rocks. The siltstones near the base of the Xuanwei Formation were derived mainly from felsic volcanic rocks with minor contributions from basalt. The iron-bearing claystones resulted from weathering of the Emeishan flood basalts. Our study shows a surface REE migration pattern of "weathering of REE-rich matrix → fluid migration → physical or chemical precipitation", which is consistent with the origin of the REE-rich claystones.

Felsic

Flood basalt

Large igneous province

Denudation

10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105380

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Origin and tectonic setting of Pingqiao fluorite-lithium deposit in the Guizhou, southwest Yangtze Block, China

Ore Geology Reviews (2022)

Hao Zou Bin Xiao Da-Xing Gong Chang-Cheng Huang Min Li

Fluorite and lithium have become extremely important minerals globally. The newly discovered medium-to-large-scale Pingqiao fluorite-lithium deposit in the southwest Yangtze Block contains a rare mineral system with fluorite and lithium associations. This unique deposit provides an excellent example for the study of the origin and formation processes of the fluorite-lithium mineral system. The fluorite ore bodies in the Pingqiao mining area are hosted in the silicified limestone of the late Carboniferous Nandan Formation, and the lithium-bearing ore bodies occur in the claystone and micrite of the early Permian Longyin Formation. Fluorite and lithium clay show different REE patterns, but both have negative Eu and Ce anomalies. The isochron age yielded by the fluorite Sm-Nd isotope data was 152.0 ± 3.7 Ma. The δDV-SMOW values ranged between −63.1‰ and −56.8‰, and the δ18OV-SMOW values ranged from −5.7‰ to −4.9‰. The δ13CV-PDB values were between 1.3 and 2.7‰ for calcite. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios ranged between 0.708489 and 0.708810 for Li-clay and 0.708584 to 0.709180 for fluorite. The field geological, petrological, and geochemical data reported in this study indicate the following salient findings: (1) the ore-forming fluid was formed by mixing basinal water and meteoric water; (2) the ore-forming materials originated from the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Devonian carbonate rocks, and Carboniferous limestone; and (3) the deposit was formed in an extensional setting within the Yangtze Block and is closely associated with the late Jurassic to early Cretaceous polymetallic events and is related to the flat-slab subduction and delamination of the Paleo-Pacific plate. We propose a model of fluorite-lithium mineralisation that explains the fluid composition, transport, and precipitation mechanisms involved in the mineral system.

Fluorite

10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104755

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Citations (11)

Origin and tectonic implications of the Zhaxikang Pb–Zn–Sb–Ag deposit in northern Himalaya: evidence from structures, Re–Os–Pb–S isotopes, and fluid inclusions

Mineralium Deposita (2017)

Qing Zhou Wenchang Li Chengshi Qing Yang Lai Yingxu Li

Felsic

δ34S

Isochron dating

10.1007/s00126-017-0760-6

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Citations (32)