Joshua A. Schaidle

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

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Abhijit Dutta

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Kristiina Iisa

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Calvin Mukarakate

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

A. Nolan Wilson

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Ling Tao

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Eric C. D. Tan

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

R. Gary Grim

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Jack R. Ferrell

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Michael B. Griffin

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Mark R. Nimlos

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory

University of Colorado Boulder

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Argonne National Laboratory

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University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Bioenergy Life Science (United States)

National Energy Technology Laboratory

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Synthetic Middle-Distillate-Range Hydrocarbons via Catalytic Dimerization of Branched C₆–C₈ Olefins Derived from Renewable Dimethyl Ether

Energy & Fuels (2015)

Mayank Behl Joshua A. Schaidle Earl Christensen Jesse E. Hensley

2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-butene (triptene) and other branched C6–C8 olefins, having structures characteristic of the products from the low-temperature acid-catalyzed homologation of dimethyl ether (DME), were converted to distillate-range hydrocarbons (C10–C20) with high selectivity via dimerization over a commercial ion-exchange acidic resin (Amberlyst-35) under liquid-phase stirred-batch conditions operating at ambient pressure. Triptene conversion and dimer (2,2,3,5,5,6,6-heptamethyl-3-heptene) production were monitored with time at different temperatures (60, 80, and 100 °C). The dimer production rate increased with increasing temperature; however, dimer concentration decreased with increasing temperature due to competing side reactions. Dimerization, as compared to cracking, isomerization, and oligomerization, was the dominant reaction pathway during the first hours of reaction at all temperatures. Dimerization at 100 °C achieved a conversion of 35% and a molar selectivity to the desired dimer of 71% in 2 h. In longer runs (≥16 h), the highest conversion (80%) was achieved at 100 °C whereas the maximum total C10+ production (1.83 g/batch, 52% by weight of the reactant) was achieved at 80 °C. The nucleophilicity and extent of branching of the C6–C8 olefins were found to have a strong effect on dimerization yields. The cloud point, boiling range, carbon-number distribution, and lower heating value of the dimerized product were compared to ASTM specifications for middle-distillate fuels, and the results suggest that approximately 80% of the product has potential as a jet fuel blend stock.

Dimethyl ether

Jet fuel

Batch reactor

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01175

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Citations (9)

Driving towards cost-competitive biofuels through catalytic fast pyrolysis by rethinking catalyst selection and reactor configuration

Energy & Environmental Science (2018)

Michael B. Griffin Kristiina Iisa Huamin Wang Abhijit Dutta Kellene A. Orton

Bifunctional fixed-bed catalysts improve CFP performance.

10.1039/c8ee01872c

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Citations (106)