Mikel Latasa

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

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Marta Estrada

Institut Català de Ciències del Clima

Renate Scharek

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

Montserrat Vidal

Universitat de Barcelona

Andrés Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

Jordi Salat

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Mikhail Emelianov

Institut de Ciències del Mar

Robert R. Bidigare

University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa

Ramón Massana

Institut Català de Ciències del Clima

Emilio Marañón

Universidade de Vigo

Beatriz Mouriño‐Carballido

Universidade de Vigo

Cooperative Institutions

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Institut de Ciències del Mar

Institut Català de Ciències del Clima

Instituto Español de Oceanografía

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Centro Mediterráneo de Investigaciones Marinas y Ambientale

Sorbonne Université

Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung

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Chlorophyll-a and pheopigments as tracers of labile organic carbon at the central equatorial Pacific seafloor

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (1997)

Mark Stephens David Kadko Craig R. Smith Mikel Latasa

High rates of primary production and fast sinking rates lead to the deposition of phytodetritus and highly reactive organic matter to the sediments of the central equatorial Pacific. These substances are responsible for driving important chemical fluxes and fueling benthic organisms. Chloropigments have proven useful as tracers of similar highly reactive organic carbon components in lacustrine and nearshore marine sediments. In this study we investigate the degradation of chlorophyll-a and pheopigments-a at four abyssal sites on the JGOFS equatorial Pacific transect along 140°W and explore the usefulness of these chloropigments as tracers of the most-reactive component of the deep-sea particulate organic carbon (POC) rain. First-order reaction rate constants (k = 1–75 yr−1, half-life 3–250 d) and relative reactivities (chlorophyll-a > allomer and pheophorbide-a > pheophytin-a) derived from most of the sedimentary profiles are similar to those found in laboratory and other field (lake and coastal marine) studies. However, in some profiles, the rate constants determined by fitting data below 0.5 cm are slower by up to 3 orders of magnitude despite an apparent abundance of bacteria, macrofauna, and porewater oxygen. Model results assuming multi-G kinetics suggest that these chloropigments degrade as two components: one, which accounts for at least 99% of the degradation and 11–57% of the sediment inventory, degrades with a half-life of 4–120 days. The other component degrades with a half-life of up to 440 years. These results suggest that some otherwise labile POC may be protected and escape rapid degradation near the sediment-water interface. If phytodetritus is deposited continuously throughout the year, our model-calculated chlorophyll-a fluxes indicate that it could account for 25–100% of the annual POC flux at sites close to the equator.

Phytodetritus

Abyssal zone

Sedimentary organic matter

Biogeochemical Cycle

10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00358-x

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Citations (106)

Interactions between open-sea convection and shelf cascading dense waters in the formation of the Western Mediterranean Deep Water

Marine Pollution Bulletin (2009)

Pere Puig Albert Palanqués Jordi Font Jordi Salat Mikel Latasa

Open sea

Open water

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Citations (4)

Relationships between environmental forcing and the vertical distribution of chlorophyll in the Indian and Pacific Oceans

Marta Estrada Dolors Blasco Mikel Latasa Francisco Rodríguez Jordi Salat

Forcing (mathematics)

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Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Marine Ecology Progress Series (2015)

Beatriz Mouriño‐Carballido E. Hojas Pedro Cermeño Paloma Chouciño Bieito Fernández Castro

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 543:1-19 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11558 FEATURE ARTICLE Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido1,*, Elena Hojas1, Pedro Cermeño2, Paloma Chouciño1, Bieito Fernández-Castro1, Mikel Latasa3, Emilio Marañón1, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán3,4, Montserrat Vidal5 1Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo (Ponteverdra), Spain 2Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain 3Centro Oceanográfico de Xixón, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Avda. Príncipe de Asturias, 70 bis - 33212 Xixón, Spain 4King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 5Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, Edifici Margalef, 08028 Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: bmourino@uvigo.es ABSTRACT: We investigated the influence of ocean mixing and nutrient supply dynamics on picoplankton community composition in the context of Margalef's Mandala (Margalef 1978). Simultaneous measurements of microturbulence, nutrient concentration, and autotrophic and heterotrophic picoplankton properties, were collected during 3 cruises carried out in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in March (F1), April/May (F2) and September (F3) 2009. The 3 cruises sampled different oceanographic conditions, starting with early stages of the late winter-early spring bloom, followed by the late stage of the bloom, and finally summer stratification. As a result of the variability in vertical diffusivity and the nitrate gradient across the nitracline, nitrate vertical fluxes were higher during F1 (23 ± 35 mmol m-2 d-1), compared to F2 (0.4 ± 0.2 mmol m-2 d-1) and F3 (0.09 ± 0.09 mmol m-2 d-1). Prochlorococcus abundance was low when nitrate supply was high, Synechococcus exhibited the highest abundances at intermediate levels of nitrate supply and highest irradiance during F2, and large and small picoeukaryotic groups increased their abundance under high nutrient supply in F1. No significant relationships between the abundance of high and low nucleic acid heterotrophic bacteria and nitrate supply were found. In agreement with Margalef's model, our results show different responses of picophytoplankton groups to nitrate supply (probably reflecting differences in nutrient uptake abilities), and that the ratio of prokaryotic to picoeukaryotic photoautotrophic biomass decreases with increasing nitrate supply. KEY WORDS: Turbulence · Nutrient supply · Margalef's Mandala · Picoplankton · Mediterranean Sea Full text in pdf format Information about this Feature Article NextCite this article as: Mouriño-Carballido B, Hojas E, Cermeño P, Chouciño P and others (2016) Nutrient supply controls picoplankton community structure during three contrasting seasons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 543:1-19. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11558 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 543. Online publication date: February 03, 2016 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2016 Inter-Research.

Picoplankton

Prochlorococcus

10.3354/meps11558

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Citations (46)

Primary productivity and its regulation in the Arabian Sea during 1995

Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography (2001)

Richard T. Barber John Marra Robert C Bidigare Louis A Codispoti David Halpern

Downwelling

10.1016/s0967-0645(00)00134-x

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Citations (244)

Genome analysis of the proteorhodopsin-containing marine bacterium Polaribacter sp. MED152 (Flavobacteria)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2008)

José M. González Beatriz Fernández-Gómez Antonio Fernàndez-Guerra Laura Gómez‐Consarnau Olga Sánchez

Analysis of marine cyanobacteria and proteobacteria genomes has provided a profound understanding of the life strategies of these organisms and their ecotype differentiation and metabolisms. However, a comparable analysis of the Bacteroidetes, the third major bacterioplankton group, is still lacking. In the present paper, we report on the genome of Polaribacter sp. strain MED152. On the one hand, MED152 contains a substantial number of genes for attachment to surfaces or particles, gliding motility, and polymer degradation. This agrees with the currently assumed life strategy of marine Bacteroidetes. On the other hand, it contains the proteorhodopsin gene, together with a remarkable suite of genes to sense and respond to light, which may provide a survival advantage in the nutrient-poor sun-lit ocean surface when in search of fresh particles to colonize. Furthermore, an increase in CO(2) fixation in the light suggests that the limited central metabolism is complemented by anaplerotic inorganic carbon fixation. This is mediated by a unique combination of membrane transporters and carboxylases. This suggests a dual life strategy that, if confirmed experimentally, would be notably different from what is known of the two other main bacterial groups (the autotrophic cyanobacteria and the heterotrophic proteobacteria) in the surface oceans. The Polaribacter genome provides insights into the physiological capabilities of proteorhodopsin-containing bacteria. The genome will serve as a model to study the cellular and molecular processes in bacteria that express proteorhodopsin, their adaptation to the oceanic environment, and their role in carbon-cycling.

Marine bacteriophage

10.1073/pnas.0712027105

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Citations (250)

Iron‐stimulated changes in ¹³C fractionation and export by equatorial Pacific phytoplankton: Toward a paleogrowth rate proxy

Paleoceanography (1999)

Robert R. Bidigare Kristi L. Hanson Ken O. Buesseler Stuart G. Wakeham Katherine H. Freeman

We present δ 13 C values for phytol, an algal biomarker, which document up to 7 per mil isotopic enrichment during the IronEx II iron fertilization experiment. We evaluate these data using a laboratory‐derived 13 C fractionation model and show this variability is largely the result of elevated growth rates. Isotopic enrichment and stimulation of growth rate were accompanied by a sevenfold increase in the export of particulate organic carbon as estimated from 234 Th activities. This is the first direct evidence that enhanced productivity following iron enrichment can lead to both increased export of organic matter and an associated isotopic signal in an algal biomarker. On the basis of these results, we propose biomarker isotopic data be used in conjunction with paleo‐CO 2 records to reconstruct paleogrowth rates. This approach provides a means to test for iron‐stimulated changes in algal growth in sedimentary records.

Iron fertilization

10.1029/1999pa900026

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Citations (101)

Thick-shelled, grazer-protected diatoms decouple ocean carbon and silicon cycles in the iron-limited Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2013)

Philipp Assmy Victor Smetacek Marina Montresor Christine Klaas Joachim Henjes

Diatoms of the iron-replete continental margins and North Atlantic are key exporters of organic carbon. In contrast, diatoms of the iron-limited Antarctic Circumpolar Current sequester silicon, but comparatively little carbon, in the underlying deep ocean and sediments. Because the Southern Ocean is the major hub of oceanic nutrient distribution, selective silicon sequestration there limits diatom blooms elsewhere and consequently the biotic carbon sequestration potential of the entire ocean. We investigated this paradox in an in situ iron fertilization experiment by comparing accumulation and sinking of diatom populations inside and outside the iron-fertilized patch over 5 wk. A bloom comprising various thin- and thick-shelled diatom species developed inside the patch despite the presence of large grazer populations. After the third week, most of the thinner-shelled diatom species underwent mass mortality, formed large, mucous aggregates, and sank out en masse (carbon sinkers). In contrast, thicker-shelled species, in particular Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, persisted in the surface layers, sank mainly empty shells continuously, and reduced silicate concentrations to similar levels both inside and outside the patch (silica sinkers). These patterns imply that thick-shelled, hence grazer-protected, diatom species evolved in response to heavy copepod grazing pressure in the presence of an abundant silicate supply. The ecology of these silica-sinking species decouples silicon and carbon cycles in the iron-limited Southern Ocean, whereas carbon-sinking species, when stimulated by iron fertilization, export more carbon per silicon. Our results suggest that large-scale iron fertilization of the silicate-rich Southern Ocean will not change silicon sequestration but will add carbon to the sinking silica flux.

Circumpolar star

Carbon fibers

Circumpolar deep water

Iron fertilization

10.1073/pnas.1309345110

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Citations (265)

Global distribution and vertical patterns of a prymnesiophyte–cyanobacteria obligate symbiosis

The ISME Journal (2015)

Ana María Cabello Francisco M. Cornejo‐Castillo Nicolás Raho Dolors Blasco Montserrat Vidal

Obligate

10.1038/ismej.2015.147

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Citations (76)

Effect of nitrogen or phosphorus starvation on pigment composition of cultured Heterocapsa sp

Journal of Plankton Research (1994)

Mikel Latasa Elisa Berdalet

The effect of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) depletion on the cell volume and pigment composition of the marine dinoflagellate Heterocapsa sp. was studied. Cell size increased under both N or P starvation, but the change was faster when P was limiting. Quantitatively. N deficiency resulted in greater pigment loss than did P deficiency, thereby corroborating the relationship between pigment synthesis and N metabolism. It is suggested that the synthesis of pigments is primarily stopped at a transcriptional level (from DNA to RNA) under P limitation and at a translational level (from RNA to proteins) under N limitation. Almost all pigments underwent a parallel decrease during the stationary phase and no clear changes in pigment ratios were found. As an exception, a pigment identified as diatoxanthin accumulated in the algae when cell growth ceased. This occurred regardless of the growth-limiting nutrient and became more pronounced as cell deterioration progressed.

Dinoflagellate

Limiting

10.1093/plankt/16.1.83

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Citations (98)