K. M. Spark

University of Queensland

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R. S. Swift

University of St Andrews

J. D. Wells

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center

Bruce B. Johnson

La Trobe University

A. Kirika

UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology

J. van Leeuwen

University of South Australia

Dennis Mulcahy

University of South Australia

Andrew J. Britton

University of Cambridge

Nick Withers

Sterling Research Group

Keith G. Gavin

University of Edinburgh

Mary Drikas

Australian Water Quality Centre

Cooperative Institutions

Australian Water Quality Centre

University of South Australia

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

South Australian Water Corporation

La Trobe University

University of Adelaide

Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Water Research Australia

University of Edinburgh

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Effect of alum treatment on the trihalomethane formation and bacterial regrowth potential of natural and synthetic waters

Water Research (2002)

Declan Page J. van Leeuwen K. M. Spark Mary Drikas Nick Withers

Trihalomethane

Alum

10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00218-x

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Citations (34)

Characterizing heavy‐metal adsorption on oxides and oxyhydroxides

European Journal of Soil Science (1995)

K. M. Spark Bruce B. Johnson J. D. Wells

Summary Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) on three different substrates: goethite, alumina and silica, was investigated over the pH range from 3.5 to 10. The consistent variation in the pH at which 50% of the metal is adsorbed (pH 50 ) indicates that the identity of the adsorbing ion is the principal factor determining the pH range over which adsorption occurs. However, the nature of the substrate does play a lesser role. The proton coefficient, χ, ranged from about 0.5 to 1.8, and was correlated with the difference between pH 50 and the pH for 50% precipitation. It is suggested that for most metal‐substrate systems, for which χ is about 1, MOH + plays a dominant role in adsorption. Increasing the substrate concentration decreased pH 50 for adsorption of metals on goethite, but there was little change in χ. The change in pH 50 was inversely related to χ. While the effect of the nature and concentration of the background electrolyte on Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) adsorption depended on the substrate, increased ionic strength was found to decrease Cd(II) adsorption on all substrates.

10.1111/j.1365-2389.1995.tb01358.x

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Investigation of the interaction between pesticides and humic sunstances using fluorescence spectroscopy

The Science of The Total Environment (1994)

K. M. Spark R. S. Swift

Fluorescence spectrometry

10.1016/0048-9697(94)90546-0

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Citations (23)

Use of alkaline flyash-based products to amend acid soils: Plant growth response and nutrient uptake

Soil Research (2008)

K. M. Spark R. S. Swift

Vast quantities of flyash are generated annually by the burning of coal in the power industry, with most of this material being stockpiled with little prospect of being utilised at present. Two alkaline flyash-based products (FAP) for use as soil amendments (FAP1 and FAP2) have been assessed using glasshouse pot trials to determine the suitability of using these products to treat acid soils. The products both contain ~80% flyash which originated from coal-fired electricity generation. The acid soils used in the study were 2 Podsols and a Ferrosol, all originating from south-east Queensland and ranging in pH (1 : 5 suspension in water) from 4 to 5.5. The flyash products when applied to the soil significantly enhanced growth of maize plants (Zea mays L.), with optimal application rates in the range 1.25–5% w/w. The FAP/soil mixtures and plants were analysed using a range of methods including extraction with DTPA, and plant biomass (aboveground dry matter). The results indicate that in addition to the liming effect, the flyash in the alkaline flyash products may enhance plant growth as a result of increasing the uptake of micro-nutrients such as copper, zinc, and manganese. The study suggests that flyash has the potential to be used as a base material in the production of soil amendment materials that can change soil pH and act as a fertiliser for certain soil micro-nutrients such as Cu, Mn, and Zn.

Amendment

Soil conditioner

Alkali soil

10.1071/sr07209

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Citations (10)

Effect of soil composition and dissolved organic matter on pesticide sorption

The Science of The Total Environment (2002)

K. M. Spark Robert N. Swift

10.1016/s0048-9697(02)00213-9

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Citations (380)

Manganese-humic interactions in the catchment, water and sediment of Loch Bradan, S.W. Scotland

Keith G. Gavin Margaret Graham A. Kirika Andrew J. Britton R. S. Swift

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Citations (3)

Characterizing trace metal adsorption on kaolinite

European Journal of Soil Science (1995)

K. M. Spark J. D. Wells Bruce B. Johnson

Summary Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) on kaolinite has been investigated at 25°C as a function of pH, concentration of the substrate, and the nature and concentration of the supporting electrolyte. The adsorption edges for three metals (Zn(II), Co(II) and Cd(II)) showed clear evidence of two distinct adsorption processes. As the pH was increased adsorption began at pH 4.5 for all metals, but the fraction of metal adsorbed at the completion of the first stage differed, the order being Zn(II)>Co(II)∼Cd(II). The second stage of adsorption had characteristics similar to those for adsorption of the metals on alumina and silica. Type 1 adsorption (the first stage) probably occurs on the permanent negatively charged kaolinite faces, while Type 2 (the second stage) is associated with the variable‐charge surfaces. Increasing the concentration of supporting electrolyte (KNO 3 or NaCl) dramatically reduced the extent of Type 1 adsorption: at 0.1 m no evidence of this process existed. At intermediate concentrations electrolytes containing K + suppressed Type 1 adsorption more than those containing Na + .

10.1111/j.1365-2389.1995.tb01359.x

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Citations (138)