Ann C. Andersen

Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin

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François H. Lallier

Station Biologique de Roscoff

Stéphane Hourdez

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Bérénice Piquet

Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle

Sébastien Duperron

Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes

Karine Olu

Ifremer

C. Decker

Ifremer

Bruce Shillito

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Emmanuelle Leize‐Wagner

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Noëlle Potier

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Nathalie Zorn

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Sorbonne Université

Station Biologique de Roscoff

Université Paris Cité

Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin

Ifremer

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin

Inserm

Université de Bretagne Occidentale

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“There and back again” - Ultrastructural changes in the gills of Bathymodiolus vent-mussels during symbiont loss: Back to a regular filter-feeding epidermis

Frontiers in Marine Science (2022)

Bérénice Piquet Sophie Le Panse François H. Lallier Sébastien Duperron Ann C. Andersen

Deep-sea mussels Bathymodiolus azoricus , from Azorean hydrothermal vents, house two types of symbionts in their fleshy gills: methane-oxidizing (MOX) and sulfide-oxidizing (SOX) Gamma-proteobacteria. As soon as the mussels are collected, their symbionts are deprived from their environmental nutrient flux, and cannot rely on their usual metabolism. Recent studies have shown that the gill cells undergo high rates of apoptosis, as well as regionalized cell proliferation. This study follows the fate of the symbionts and of the hosting bacteriocytes at the ultrastructural level, during an extended starvation period. Just upon collection, we evidenced an apico-basal journey of the symbionts in the bacteriocytes, starting with (1) apical single symbiont endocytosis, (2) symbiont division, (3) symbiont storage, (4) and symbiont digestion within lysosomes, above the basal lamina. After 4-9 days starvation, endocytosis occurred with (5) empty blebbing, (6) the lysosomes increased in size, and the bacteriocytes lost their apical membrane, resulting in (7) a baso-apical return of the symbiont-containing lysosomes outside the gills, while the nucleus showed condensed chromatin, characteristic of apoptosis/necroptosis (8). Between the bacteriocytes, narrow intercalary cells appear to divide (9). Our hypothesis is that intercalary cells are stem cells that replace lost bacteriocytes. After 61 days there was no symbiont left, and the epidermis resembled those of the non-symbiotic filter-feeding mussel Mytilus edulis.

10.3389/fmars.2022.968331

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Lamellibrachia anaximandrin. sp., a new vestimentiferan tubeworm (Annelida) from the Mediterranean, with notes on frenulate tubeworms from the same habitat

Zoosystema (2011)

Eve C. Southward Ann C. Andersen Stéphane Hourdez

Southward E. C., Andersen A. C. & Hourdez S. 2011. — Lamellibrachia anaximandri n. sp., a new vestimentiferan tubeworm (Annelida) from the Mediterranean, with notes on frenulate tubeworms from the same habitat. Zoosystema 33 (3): 245–279.A new species of lamellibrachiid vestimentiferan, Lamellibrachia anaximandri n. sp., has been found in the Eastern Mediterranean, close to cold seeps of fluid carrying dissolved methane and sources of sulfide in superficial sediments. It occurs at about 1100 to 2100 m depth, on some of the mud volcanoes on the Anaximander Mountains, south of Turkey, on the Mediterranean Ridge, south of Crete, and on the Nile deep-sea fan. In addition, it has been obtained from rotting paper inside a sunken ship, torpedoed in 1915 and lying at 2800 m depth, southeast of Crete. Some frenulate pogonophores also occur on the mud volcanoes (including a species of Siboglinum resembling S. carpinei and tubes of other unidentified genera). The new Lamellibrachia is the first vestimentiferan species to be described from the Mediterranean. It differs from L. luymesi taken from the Gulf of Mexico population in the very weak development of collars on its tube and in having a smaller number of pairs of branchial lamellae in the branchial plume. Sequencing of the COI and the mt16S genes confirms a difference at the species level between the new species and L. luymesi, and a difference between these two species and four described species of Lamellibrachia from the Pacific Ocean. The largest individuals of L. anaximandri n. sp. may be many years old, but there are numerous young individuals at some sites, showing that favourable conditions are available for settlement and early growth. The development of the branchial plume in a series of young stages reveals that the sheath lamellae, which are characteristic of the genus Lamellibrachia, begin to form only after the establishment of several pairs of branchial lamellae. Examination of the adult trophosome by transmission electron microscopy shows Gram-negative bacteria without internal stacked membranes, indicating that the symbionts are most probably sulfide oxidizing.

Cold seep

Mud volcano

10.5252/z2011n3a1

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Citations (38)

Comparative analysis of symbiont ratios and gene expression in natural populations of two Bathymodiolus mussel species

Symbiosis (2014)

H. Guezi Isabelle Boutet Ann C. Andersen François H. Lallier Arnaud Tanguy

Symbiotic bacteria

Mytilidae

Cold seep

Chemosynthesis

10.1007/s13199-014-0284-0

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Citations (18)

Disturbance of a met-enkephalin-like hormone in the hepatopancreas of crabs contaminated by metals

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (1986)

C. Amiard‐Triquet J.C. Amiard R Ferrand Ann C. Andersen M.P. Dubois

Carcinus maenas

Hepatopancreas

10.1016/0147-6513(86)90064-3

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Citations (7)

Can the hemoglobin characteristics of vesicomyid clam species influence their distribution in deep-sea sulfide-rich sediments? A case study in the Angola Basin

Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography (2016)

C. Decker Nathalie Zorn J. Le Bruchec J.C. Caprais Noëlle Potier

10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.11.009

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High rates of apoptosis visualized in the symbiont-bearing gills of deep-sea Bathymodiolus mussels

PLoS ONE (2019)

Bérénice Piquet Bruce Shillito François H. Lallier Sébastien Duperron Ann C. Andersen

Symbiosis between Bathymodiolus and Gammaproteobacteria allows these deep-sea mussels to live in toxic environments such as hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The quantity of endosymbionts within the gill-bacteriocytes appears to vary according to the hosts environment; however, the mechanisms of endosymbiont population size regulation remain obscure. We investigated the possibility of a control of endosymbiont density by apoptosis, a programmed cell death, in three mussel species. Fluorometric TUNEL and active Caspase-3-targeting antibodies were used to visualize and quantify apoptotic cells in mussel gills. To control for potential artefacts due to depressurization upon specimen recovery from the deep-sea, the apoptotic rates between mussels recovered unpressurised, versus mussels recovered in a pressure-maintaining device, were compared in two species from hydrothermal vents on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Bathymodiolus azoricus and B. puteoserpentis. Results show that pressurized recovery had no significant effect on the apoptotic rate in the gill filaments. Apoptotic levels were highest in the ciliated zone and in the circulating hemocytes, compared to the bacteriocyte zone. Apoptotic gill-cells in B. aff. boomerang from cold seeps off the Gulf of Guinea show similar distribution patterns. Deep-sea symbiotic mussels have much higher rates of apoptosis in their gills than the coastal mussel Mytilus edulis, which lacks chemolithoautotrophic symbionts. We discuss how apoptosis might be one of the mechanisms that contribute to the adaptation of deep-sea mussels to toxic environments and/or to symbiosis.

10.1371/journal.pone.0211499

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Citations (17)

Typologie des habitats marins benthiques de la Manche, de la Mer du Nord et de l'Atlantique VERSION 3

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2019)

Noëmie Michez Éric Thiébaut Sophie Dubois Line Le Gall Jean‐Claude Dauvin

Ce rapport presente la version actualisee de la partie « Atlantique » du referentiel national des habitats marins benthiques en expliquant les modifications operees. La mise a jour de la partie marine du referentiel europeen EUNIS ainsi que les echanges avec les benthologues ont conduit a revoir les principes generaux de la typologie. La structure hierarchique a ete modifiee en debutant au premier niveau par des combinaisons de l’etagement et des types de substrat et ce, de maniere a etre le plus proche possible de la nouvelle version d’EUNIS. A la suite de ce premier niveau, revise integralement, les habitats listes dans la precedente version de la typologie ont ete replaces au sein de la combinaison etage / substrat pertinente. Un effort particulier a ete realise pour definir et homogeneiser la terminologie utilisee. La typologie a ete completee par de nouveaux habitats emanant de la bibliographie et de propositions directes d’experts. Enfin, les points necessitant l’acquisition de nouvelles connaissances scientifiques sont egalement mentionnes.

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Globin’s Structure and Function in Vesicomyid Bivalves from the Gulf of Guinea Cold Seeps as an Adaptation to Life in Reduced Sediments

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (2014)

C. Decker Nathalie Zorn Noëlle Potier Emmanuelle Leize‐Wagner François H. Lallier

Vesicomyid bivalves form dense clam beds in both deep-sea cold seeps and hydrothermal vents. The species diversity within this family raises questions about niche separation and specific adaptations. To compare their abilities to withstand hypoxia, we have studied the structure and function of erythrocyte hemoglobin (Hb) and foot myoglobin (Mb) from two vesicomyid species, Christineconcha regab and Laubiericoncha chuni, collected from the Regab pockmark in the Gulf of Guinea at a depth of 3,000 m. Laubiericoncha chuni possesses three monomeric globins, G1 (15,361 Da), G2 (15,668 Da), and G3 (15,682 Da) in circulating erythrocytes (Hb), and also three globins, G1, G3, and G4 (14,786 Da) in foot muscle (Mb). Therefore, globins G2 and G4 appear to be specific for erythrocytes and muscle, respectively, but globins G1 and G3 are common. In contrast, C. regab lacks erythrocyte Hb completely and possesses only globin monomers G1′ (14,941 Da), G2′ (15,169 Da), and G3′ (15,683 Da) in foot muscle. Thus, these two vesicomyid species, C. regab and L. chuni, show a remarkable diversity in globin expression when examined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Oxygen-binding affinities reveal extremely high oxygen affinities (P50 < 1 Torr, from 5° to 15°C at pH 7.5), in particular L. chuni globins, which might be an advantage allowing L. chuni to dig deeply for sulfides and remain buried for long periods in reduced sediments.

Neuroglobin

10.1086/678131

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Citations (14)

Alkenone delta13C derived PCO2 levels in surface waters of the South Atlantic: Holocene vs. Last Glacial Maximum.

Albert Benthien Ann C. Andersen Péter Müller Robert Schneider Gerold Wefer

Alkenone

Last Glacial Maximum

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Identification, sequencing, and localization of a new carbonic anhydrase transcript from the hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila

FEBS Journal (2007)

Sophie Sanchez-Brosseau Ann C. Andersen Stéphane Hourdez François H. Lallier

The vestimentiferan annelid Riftia pachyptila forms dense populations at hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise at a depth of 2600 m. It harbors CO 2 ‐assimilating sulfide‐oxidizing bacteria that provide all of its nutrition. To find specific host transcripts that could be important for the functioning of this symbiosis, we used a subtractive suppression hybridization approach to identify plume‐ or trophosome‐specific proteins. We demonstrated the existence of carbonic anhydrase transcripts, a protein endowed with an essential role in generating the influx of CO 2 required by the symbionts. One of the transcripts was previously known and sequenced. Our quantification analyses showed a higher expression of this transcript in the trophosome compared to the branchial plume or the body wall. A second transcript, with 69.7% nucleotide identity compared to the previous one, was almost only expressed in the branchial plume. Fluorescent in situ hybridization confirmed the coexpression of the two transcripts in the branchial plume in contrast with the trophosome where only one transcript could be detected. An alignment of these translated carbonic anhydrase cDNAs with vertebrate and nonvertebrate carbonic anhydrase protein sequences revealed the conservation of most amino acids involved in the catalytic site. According to the phylogenetic analyses, the two R. pachyptila transcripts clustered together but not all nonvertebrate sequences grouped together. Complete sequencing of the new carbonic anhydrase transcript revealed the existence of two slightly divergent isoforms probably coded by two different genes.

10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06050.x

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Citations (14)