Felix Bittmann

Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research

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Steffen Wolters

Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research

Frank Schlütz

Kiel University

Manfred Frechen

Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics

Karl‐Ernst Behre

Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research

Susanne Jahns

Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum

Bernd Zolitschka

University of Bremen

Dirk Enters

University of Bremen

Wiebke Kirleis

Kiel University

Stefanie Jacomet

University of Basel

Julian Wiethold

Université de Bourgogne

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Zentrale

Kiel University

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

University of Cologne

Aix-Marseille Université

University of Bern

Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics

University of Oxford

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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Impact of the Late Glacial Eruption of the Laacher See Volcano, Central Rhineland, Germany

Quaternary Research (2002)

Michael Baales Olaf Jöris Martin Street Felix Bittmann Bernhard Weninger

Abstract Within a period of a few weeks toward the end of the Allerød Interstadial, the major Plinian eruption of the Laacher See volcano produced some 20 km 3 of eruptiva, covering and preserving the late-glacial landscape in the German Central Rhineland over an area of more than 1000 km 2 . Correlation of terrestrial archives with the Greenland ice-core records and improved calibration of the radiocarbon timescale permit a precise, accurate age determination of the Laacher See event some 200 yr before the onset of the Younger Dryas cold episode. Carbonized trees and botanical macrofossils preserved by Laacher See Tephra permit detailed regional paleoenvironmental reconstruction and show that open woodland were typical for the cool and humid hemiboreal climatic conditions during the late Allerød. This woodland provided the habitat for a large variety of animal species, documented at both paleontological and Final Paleolithic archeological sites preserved below Laacher See deposits. Of special interest are numerous animal tracks intercalated in Middle Laacher See deposits at the south of the Neuwied Basin. This knowledge may help to evaluate possible supraregional impacts of this volcanic event on northern hemispheric environment and climate during the late Allerød.

Stadial

Macrofossil

Allerød oscillation

Tephrochronology

10.1006/qres.2002.2379

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New AMS 14C dates track the arrival and spread of broomcorn millet cultivation and agricultural change in prehistoric Europe

Scientific Reports (2020)

Dragana Filipović John Meadows Marta Dal Corso Wiebke Kirleis Almuth Alsleben

Abstract Broomcorn millet ( Panicum miliaceum L.) is not one of the founder crops domesticated in Southwest Asia in the early Holocene, but was domesticated in northeast China by 6000 bc . In Europe, millet was reported in Early Neolithic contexts formed by 6000 bc , but recent radiocarbon dating of a dozen 'early' grains cast doubt on these claims. Archaeobotanical evidence reveals that millet was common in Europe from the 2nd millennium bc , when major societal and economic transformations took place in the Bronze Age. We conducted an extensive programme of AMS-dating of charred broomcorn millet grains from 75 prehistoric sites in Europe. Our Bayesian model reveals that millet cultivation began in Europe at the earliest during the sixteenth century bc , and spread rapidly during the fifteenth/fourteenth centuries bc . Broomcorn millet succeeds in exceptionally wide range of growing conditions and completes its lifecycle in less than three summer months. Offering an additional harvest and thus surplus food/fodder, it likely was a transformative innovation in European prehistoric agriculture previously based mainly on (winter) cropping of wheat and barley. We provide a new, high-resolution chronological framework for this key agricultural development that likely contributed to far-reaching changes in lifestyle in late 2nd millennium bc Europe.

Panicum miliaceum

Glume

10.1038/s41598-020-70495-z

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Citations (127)

Pleistocene climatic and environmental variations inferred from a terrestrial sediment record – the Rodderberg Volcanic Complex near Bonn, Germany

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften (2014)

Bernd Zolitschka Christian Rolf Felix Bittmann Franz Binot Manfred Frechen

Environmental change

Geologic record

10.1127/1860-1804/2014/0071

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Lateglacial/early Holocene fluvial reactions of the Jeetzel river (Elbe valley, northern Germany) to abrupt climatic and environmental changes

Quaternary Science Reviews (2012)

Falko Turner Johann Friedrich Tolksdorf Finn Viehberg Antje Schwalb Knut Kaiser

Holocene climatic optimum

Environmental change

10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.037

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Citations (66)

Proceedings of the 15th conference of the International Work Group for Palaeoethnobotany, Wilhelmshaven 2010

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (2011)

Felix Bittmann

Paleoethnobotany

10.1007/s00334-011-0314-2

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Citations (1)

Palaeoenvironment

Oxbow Books (2023)

Lyudmila Shumilovskikh Felix Bittmann Brigitte Talon Daniela Paetzold Catriona Pickard

10.2307/jj.1127635.28

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“Think horizontally, act vertically”: the centenary (1916–2016) of pollen analysis and the legacy of Lennart von Post

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (2017)

Marie‐José Gaillard Björn Berglund H. J. B. Birks Kevin J. Edwards Felix Bittmann

Think horizontally, act vertically : the centenary (1916-2016) of pollen analysis and the legacy of Lennart von Post

10.1007/s00334-017-0656-5

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Citations (10)

Reconstruction of the Allerød vegetation of the Neuwied Basin, western Germany, and its surroundings at 12,900 cal b.p.

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (2006)

Felix Bittmann

Charcoal

10.1007/s00334-006-0082-6

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Citations (19)

Proceedings of the 16th conference of the International Work Group for Palaeoethnobotany, Thessaloniki 2013

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany (2014)

Soultana-Maria Valamoti Felix Bittmann

Christian ministry

10.1007/s00334-014-0505-8

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Citations (1)

Palaeoecology and Archaeology of the Kärlich–Seeufer Open-Air Site (Middle Pleistocene) in the Central Rhineland, Germany

Quaternary Research (1996)

Sabine Gaudzinski Felix Bittmann Wolfgang Boenigk Manfred Frechen Thijs van Kolfschoten

The Kärlich–Seeufer archaeological site in Germany's central Rhineland was excavated between 1980 and 1992. The site provides evidence for hominid activity during a Middle Pleistocene interglaciation known up to now only from the Kärlich clay pit and therefore defined as the Kärlich Interglaciation, which is considered to be post-Cromer IV and pre-Holstein ( sensu stricto ) in age. The site is characterized by Acheulean artifacts, a fauna dominated by Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus , and a unique and outstanding preservation of wooden and other palaeobotanical remains. Assuming all finds are associated, the site previously was interpreted as an elephant hunting camp with a wooden structure, together with wood and bone implements preserved in situ. Recent analysis of the same features has shown that the site can also be interpreted as a reworked archaeological sample. Hominid occupation occurred in the vicinity of a small lake with prevailing meso-oligotrophic conditions. Expanding boreal forests and fen vegetation characterized the landscape.

Acheulean

Paleoecology

10.1006/qres.1996.0070

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Citations (33)