David R. Bridgland

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Causes, consequences and chronology of large‐magnitude palaeoflows in Middle and Late Pleistocene river systems of northwest Europe

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (2010)

Rob Westaway David R. Bridgland

Abstract This study examines the record of high‐palaeoflow phases in river systems in northwest Europe, investigating their causes (whether due to ‘unique’ events, such as the formation of the Dover Strait, or as ‘characteristic’ consequences of climate change), examining their consequences with regard to landscape evolution and possible effects on climate, and determining the chronology of key events. Large‐magnitude palaeoflows, more than an order‐of‐magnitude larger than present‐day flood peaks, are shown to be characteristic of rivers in this region at particular times within the Pleistocene. These events, the most recent of which were during Heinrich events 2 and 1 at ∼25 and ∼17 ka, were evidently caused by the combined effects of glacial outwash, rainfall, snowmelt and melting of permafrost in some proportion. They released such large volumes of water that the thermohaline circulation of the Atlantic Ocean, and thus the climate, may well have been affected. These large‐magnitude palaeoflows are thus a significant aspect of the Pleistocene Earth system that has hitherto gone unquantified. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Chronology

Snowmelt

Outwash plain

10.1002/esp.1968

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Citations (30)

Reply to comments by F.S. Busschers, K.M. Cohen, J. Vandenberghe, R.T. Van Balen, C. Kasse, J. Wallinga, and H.J.T Weerts on ‘Causes, consequences and chronology of large-magnitude palaeoflows in Middle and Late Pleistocene river systems of northwest Euro

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (2011)

Rob Westaway David R. Bridgland

Newcastle upon tyne

Chronology

10.1002/esp.2202

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Citations (2)

The use of uplift modelling in the reconstruction of drainage development and landscape evolution in the repeatedly glaciated Trent catchment, English Midlands, UK

Proceedings of the Geologists Association (2015)

Rob Westaway David R. Bridgland Tom S. White Andy J. Howard Mark White

River terraces

Drainage system (geomorphology)

Early Pleistocene

10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.06.005

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Citations (15)

Proceedings of the Geologists Association (1994)

David R. Bridgland

10.1016/s0016-7878(08)80124-1

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Citations (1)

Quaternary land–ocean correlation: A tribute to Professor David Q. Bowen

Quaternary Science Reviews (2005)

Darrel Maddy Antony J. Long David R. Bridgland

Tribute

Quaternary science

10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.001

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Citations (1)

Fluvial sequences as evidence for landscape and climatic evolution in the Late Cenozoic: A synthesis of data from IGCP 518

Global and Planetary Change (2009)

Rob Westaway David R. Bridgland Rajiv Sinha Tuncer Demi̇r

10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.02.009

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Citations (112)

Humans in the Hoxnian: habitat, context and fire use at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, UK

Journal of Quaternary Science (2006)

Richard C. Preece J. A. J. Gowlett Simon A. Parfitt David R. Bridgland Simon G. Lewis

Abstract A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt flint (414 ± 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600–800°C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a ‘home‐base’) during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hearth

Knapping

Taphonomy

10.1002/jqs.1043

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Citations (107)

Preservation patterns of Late Cenozoic fluvial deposits and their implications: Results from IGCP 449

Quaternary International (2007)

David R. Bridgland Rob Westaway

River terraces

Neogene

Aggradation

Terrace (agriculture)

10.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.036

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Citations (135)

The role of glacio-isostasy in the formation of post-glacial river terraces in relation to the MIS 2 ice limit: evidence from northern England

Proceedings of the Geologists Association (2009)

David R. Bridgland Rob Westaway Andy J. Howard James B. Innés Antony J. Long

River terraces

Aggradation

Terrace (agriculture)

Last Glacial Maximum

Wisconsin glaciation

Deglaciation

10.1016/j.pgeola.2009.11.004

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Citations (40)

Settlement and Landscape Development in the Homs Region, Syria. Report on Work Undertaken during 2001–2003

Levant (2005)

Graham Philip Maamoun Abdulkarim Paul Newson Anthony Beck David R. Bridgland

This report presents a summary of the methods and some preliminary results of fieldwork by an interdisciplinary research team studying the landscape history of the upper Orontes Valley near Homs in western Syria. The particular focus of the project is to document long-term interrelationships between settlement and landscape in two adjacent but divergent regions. Geomorphological fieldwork on the Pleistocene and Holocene environments is considered first, with discussions focusing on the terraces of the River Orontes and the associated artefact material. Next, the geo-correction of satellite imagery and its profitable use in conducting fieldwork is outlined. What follows are some initial thoughts and results obtained for each region through three seasons of extensive and intensive fieldwork survey as guided by remote sensing methods. For the Southern Area these results are revealing differences in the densities of 'off- site' surface material. In the basalt region of the Northern Area satellite imagery has simplified methods of site detection. The report concludes with some preliminary observations on the main trends of settlement history that are emerging from the data.

Settlement (finance)

10.1179/007589105790088841

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Citations (9)