Acid rain alters soil carbon (C) cycling by influencing the soil microbial community structure and functions. However, the response of soil microbial communities to acid rain with time and underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Herein, we conducted a one-year intact soil core experiment to investigate the temporal changes of soil microbial community composition and C sources metabolism under acid rain (pH 5.0, pH 4.0, and pH 3.0) in an agricultural soil of southern China. We found that pH 3.0 acid rain increased the total, bacterial, gram-positive bacterial, and actinomycetal PLFAs at the early stage, but this effect diminished with time. Conversely, the gram-negative bacterial PLFAs contents were reduced under pH 3.0 acid rain at the later stage. Interestingly, pH 5.0 acid rain increased the total, bacterial, gram-positive bacterial, and actinomycetal PLFAs contents at the later stage. In addition, pH 3.0 and pH 5.0 acid rain treatments accordingly altered the soil microbial community structure at the early and later stage. However, acid rain did not change the microbial C sources utilization pattern. The principal response curve analysis revealed that the seasonal variation exerted a greater effect on the overall variance of soil microbial community structure than the acidity of acid rain. Our results demonstrate the asynchronous response of soil microbial community structure and function, which implies that the microbial functional redundancy may exist in the subtropical agricultural soil under acid rain.

Acid rain

Soil acidification

Microbial Metabolism

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112681

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Citations (26)

Biotransformation of chlorothalonil by strain Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila BJ1 isolated from farmland soil

Royal Society Open Science (2019)

Qingming Zhang Hongyu Liu Muhammad Saleem Caixia Wang

Chlorothalonil is a widely used fungicide, but the contamination of soil and water environments by this chemical causes potential threats to biodiversity. Given the metabolic potential of soil microorganisms, there is a need for developing microbiological approaches to degrade persistent compounds, such as chlorothalonil, in contaminated sites. Here in this study, we isolated a bacterial strain (namely, BJ1) capable of degrading chlorothalonil from a chlorothalonil-contaminated farmland soil in the Shandong Province, China. Using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, morphological and biological characteristics, we identified the strain BJ1 as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila. The strain BJ1 uses chlorothalonil as a sole carbon source. At initial concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg l-1, it degraded 91.5%, 89.4%, 86.5% and 83.5% of chlorothalonil after 96 h of inoculation under optimum conditions (30°C and pH 7.0). Two metabolites, methyl-2,5,6-trichloro-3-cyano-4-methoxy-benzoate and methyl-3-cyano-2,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoate, were detected and identified based on HPLC-MS analysis, which suggests that the strain BJ1 metabolized chlorothalonil through the hydroxylation of chloro-group and hydration of cyano-group. The results of this study highlight the great potential for this bacterium to be used in chlorothalonil pollution remediation.

Chlorothalonil

Biotransformation

Strain (injury)

Stenotrophomonas

Biocide

10.1098/rsos.190562

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Bioremediation and Phytoremediation of Pesticides: Recent Advances

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (2009)

Sarfraz Hussain Tariq Siddique Muhammad Arshad Muhammad Saleem

The use of genetically modified or native microorganisms and plants to degrade or remove pollutants has emerged as a powerful technology for in situ remediation. An understanding of the genetic basis of the mechanisms of how microorganisms and plants biodegrade pollutants and how they interact with the environment is important for successful implementation of this technology. Recent studies have demonstrated that microbes and transgenic plants produce pesticide-degradaing enzymes that can mineralize different groups of pesticides and their metabolites with greater efficiency. This review describes the most recent progress in biotechnological approaches for enhancing the capability of microorganisms and plants through the characterization and transfer of pesticide-degrading genes, induction of catabolic pathways, and display of cell surface enzymes.

10.1080/10643380801910090

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Citations (173)

Perspectives on microbial cell surface display in bioremediation

Biotechnology Advances (2007)

Muhammad Saleem Hassan Brim Shahid Hussain Muhammad Arshad Mary Beth Leigh

Xenobiotic

Heterologous

10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.10.002

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Citations (88)