885 Performance of old and new mass-lumped triangular fi nite elements for wavefi eld modelling W.A. Mulder 897 Multichannel seismic data attenuation compensation via curvelet-based sparsity promotion T. Mo , Y
Abstract Full‐waveform inversion is a wave equation–based imaging technique for obtaining subsurface model parameters by matching modelled with field data. Full‐waveform inversion is often formulated as a local optimization problem in which the model parameterization influences the gradient preconditioner and the convergence rate associated with the full‐waveform inversion objective function. Model parameterization governs the radiation pattern of the so‐called secondary Born source. In this work, we assess model parameterization effects on the estimation of P‐wave velocities using a three‐dimensional acoustic time‐domain full‐waveform inversion procedure. These include the three commonly used parameterization: velocity, slowness and squared slowness. In this context, we consider a field data set from a deepwater Brazilian pre‐salt field using a recently introduced circular shot ocean bottom node acquisition which favours refracted waves. The results reveal that the squared slowness model parameterization provides a satisfactory trade‐off between the reconstruction of the deep pre‐salt target area and convergence rate, saving 50% of runtime compared to the velocity and slowness cases.
SUMMARY Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful seismic imaging methodology to estimate geophysical parameters that honour the recorded waveforms (observed data), and it is conventionally formulated as a least-squares optimization problem. Despite many successful applications, least-squares FWI suffers from cycle skipping issues. Optimal transport (OT) based FWI has been demonstrated to be a useful strategy for mitigating cycle skipping. In this work, we introduce a new Wasserstein metric based on q-statistics in the context of the OT distance. In this sense, instead of the data themselves, we consider the graph of the seismic data, which are positive and normalized quantities similar to probability functions. By assuming that the difference between the graphs of the modelled and observed data obeys the q-statistics, we introduce a robust q-generalized graph-space OT objective function in the FWI context namely q-GSOT-FWI, in which the standard GSOT-FWI based on l2-norm is a particular case. To demonstrate how the q-GSOT-FWI deals with cycle skipping, we present two numerical examples involving 2-D acoustic wave-equation modelling. First, we investigate the convexity of q-GSOT objective function regarding different time-shifts, and, secondly, we present a Brazilian pre-salt synthetic case study, from a crude initial model which generates significant cycle-skipping seismic data. The results reveal that the q-GSOT-FWI is a powerful strategy to circumvent cycle skipping issues in FWI, in which our objective function proposal presents a smoother topography with a wider attraction valley to the optimal minimum. They also show that q-statistics leads to a significant improvement of FWI objective function convergence, generating higher resolution acoustic models than classical approaches. In addition, our proposal reduces the computational cost of calculating the transport plan as the q-value increases.
We develop a workflow based on full-waveform inversion (FWI) to estimate P-wave velocities in a deepwater Brazilian pre-salt field using the recently introduced circular shot ocean bottom node (OBN) acquisition geometry. Such a geometry comprises a source vessel sailing in large radius concentric circular trajectories and seismic signals are recorded by OBN arrays. The circular shot OBN survey provides mostly refracted waves separately from reflected waves, so the FWI process is mainly driven by diving waves. We introduce a new FWI workflow to analyze non-preprocessed OBN refraction data, which includes automated steps such as data selection solving an Eikonal equation, estimation of a source signature that accounts for ghost and bubble effects, and gradient preconditioning using a non-stationary filter and seismic illumination. We consider two objective functions based on the $L^1$ and $L^2$ norms. The FWI results demonstrated that using our proposed workflow with the $L^1$ norm objective function and the circular OBN survey can lead to an improvement in pre-salt velocity models. Furthermore, using these improved models we construct reverse-time migration (RTM) images of the conventional OBN dataset, showing significant improvements in the salt stratification, the base of salt, and the lateral resolution of the pre-salt area. The Brazilian pre-salt case study demonstrated that the circular shot OBN acquisition maximizes the illumination of deep reservoirs through the ultra-long offset and full-azimuth coverage that prioritizes the recording of diving waves.
Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) and Ocean Bottom Nodes (OBN) data synergize very well and have seen their use increase in recent years. However, uncertainties associated with the positioning of nodes can negatively impact the quality of subsurface models retrieved through FWI. In this work, we consider several scenarios of node positioning errors carrying out controlled tests on synthetic data to investigate their influence on imaging. Our results show that uncertainties in OBN positioning can lead to errors in the recovered velocity models obtained from FWI, which can affect the migrated image, consequently influencing its quality. We also provide an analysis to quantify the errors in the recovered models, which is helpful for better planning and design of time-lapse applications.
Refracted seismic waves recorded on Ocean Bottom Nodes (OBN) from all azimuths benefit from high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and may provide important information about deepwater reservoirs, especially those below massive salt bodies. For target-oriented imaging, refracted wave paths can help understand accurately how the geometry of acquisition illuminates the target region, thereby supporting cost-effective survey designs. To this end, we study two techniques: (i) wave paths calculated by a Reverse Time Migration (RTM) algorithm for refracted wave events selected in synthetic seismograms; (ii) ray tracing using the eikonal equation. We discuss illumination examples for two models: a 3D velocity model typical of the Brazilian pre-salt fields and a simplified multilayered 2D approximation. We show that wave paths can map a given source-receiver pair into illuminated regions for selected refracted first arrivals. For the pre-salt refractions we can establish an offset range for successful reservoir imaging. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 14, 2020 Session Start Time: 9:20 AM Presentation Time: 11:00 AM Location: Poster Station 8 Presentation Type: Poster