The coast of Cameroon, which is approximately 590 km in length, is situated in the Gulf of Guinea and is characterized by its low elevation above sea level and sedimentary geology, making it particularly susceptible to erosion, subsidence, and sea level rise. The coast of Cameroon and its extensive mangrove forests are facing numerous economic pressures, including encroachment from urban expansion, agro-industrial development, port activities, oil and gas exploration and exploitation, and the increased pollution associated with these activities. Additionally, many rapidly growing cities located along the coast (Douala, Kribi, Tiko, Limbe) and neighbouring the mangroves (Duala estuary, Rio Del Rey estuary, and Ntem estuary) are currently experiencing alarming rates of coastal erosion, frequent flooding, complete loss of land, and evidence of subsidence from regional and continental research. Unfortunately, there have been no detailed investigations of the combined effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise, known as relative sea-level rise, and their present and future impacts on Cameroon's emerging coastal cities and mangroves under climate change. Therefore, this research aims to fill this knowledge gap by investigating, understanding, and projecting the causes, consequences, and coastal vulnerability related to land subsidence and sea-level rise to enable the development of information-based mitigation strategies and policies. We will use remote sensing data, InSAR analysis, hydrogeological investigations, and modelling tools to assess the real coastal elevation of Cameroon, determine the actual land subsidence rate, determine the actual local relative sea-level rise from tide gauge data, determine the factors influencing land subsidence, project future elevation evolution, and establish an integrated vulnerability assessment of the coastal areas of Cameroon. This research will contribute to a proper understanding of Cameroon's mangrove landscape dynamics, the vulnerability of coastal infrastructure, and its biodiversity to relative sea-level rise, subsidence, coastal retreat, and future flooding events. The outcome can be used to develop sustainable management strategies for Cameroon's coastal zone.
The present work highlights the factors controlling groundwater chemistry in the Mayo Bocki catchment.The results revealed that these waters are characterised by low to medium mineralisation.The predominant hydrochemical facies is Ca Mg- HCO3 (77%). The acquisition of mineralization by groundwater in this basin involves several natural geochemical processes, including hydrolysis of silicates, dissolution of carbonate minerals, base exchange leaching and anthropogenic processes. Isotopic studies have shown that the water masses in the reservoirs are derived from rainwater and that their chemistry is not influenced by evaporation process. The predominant chemical alteration type in the area under study is monosiallitization. The relative mobility of the constituents in the aqueous phase revealed that Mn, Zn, Sr, Ca, Na and Mo are the most mobile elements while Al, Th, Cs, Fe are the least mobile elements.
Groundwater is the main source of water supply for domestic, agricultural and industrial uses, especially in the sahelian regions. The present study is carried out in the basement aquifers of the Mayo Bocki catchment, Cameroon. It aims to determine the controlling factors of groundwater mineralization and to assess the relative mobility of chemical elements in the aquifers. The methodology adopted was based on conventional geochemical classifications and multivariate statistical analyses. The results revealed that these waters are characterised by low to medium mineralization in both the altered and fractured aquifers. The average concentration of cations followed the trend Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ while that of anions was HCO3− > NO3− > Cl− > SO42−. The predominant hydrochemical facies was Ca Mg- HCO3 (77%). The acquisition of mineralization by groundwater in this basin involves several natural geochemical processes, including hydrolysis of silicates, dissolution of carbonate minerals, base exchange and leaching. In addition, the chemical inputs used in agriculture make a significant contribution to the chemical signature of these waters. Stable isotopes (18O, 2H) have shown that the water masses in the reservoirs are derived from rainwater and that their chemistry is not influenced by evaporation process. The predominant chemical alteration type in the area under study is monosiallitization. During this weathering process, the behaviour of chemical elements varies from one rock to another. In general, altered rock forms (granite, basalt, trachyte, schist and clay) are enriched in K2O, Na2O, P2O5, Al2O3, SiO2 and depleted in CaO, MgO, MnO, F2O3, SO3, Cl. The relative mobility of the constituents in the aqueous phase revealed that Mn, Zn, Sr, Ca, Na and Mo are the most mobile elements while Al, Th, Cs, Fe are the least mobile elements.
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