Haydee Salmun

Hunter College

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Andrea Molod

Goddard Space Flight Center

Giovanni Seijo‐Ellis

University of Colorado Boulder

D. Waugh

Environment and Climate Change Canada

K. Wisniewska

Hunter College

Donata Giglio

University of Colorado Boulder

Allison B. Marquardt Collow

Goddard Space Flight Center

Darryn W. Waugh

Johns Hopkins University

Frank Buonaiuto

United States Army Corps of Engineers

Andreea Ira

Hunter College

O. M. Phillips

Johns Hopkins University

Cooperative Institutions

Goddard Space Flight Center

City University of New York

Hunter College

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

The Graduate Center, CUNY

University of Maryland, College Park

University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Universities Space Research Association

Science Systems and Applications (United States)

Morgan State University

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A New Look at Modeling Surface Heterogeneity: Extending Its Influence in the Vertical

Journal of Hydrometeorology (2003)

Andrea Molod Haydee Salmun Darryn W. Waugh

Abstract Heterogeneities in the land surface exist on a wide range of spatial scales and make the coupling between the land surface and the overlying boundary layer complex. This study investigates the vertical extent to which the surface heterogeneities affect the boundary layer turbulence. A technique called “extended mosaic” is presented. It models the coupling between the heterogeneous land surface and the atmosphere by allowing the impact of the subgrid-scale variability to extend throughout the vertical extent of the planetary boundary layer. Simulations with extended mosaic show that there is a GCM level at which the distinct character of the turbulence over different land scene types is homogenized, which the authors call the model blending height. The behavior of the model blending height is an indicator of the mechanism by which the surface heterogeneities extend their direct influence upward into the boundary layer and exert their influence on the climate system. Results are presented that show...

10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<0810:anlams>2.0.co;2

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Citations (47)

The Use of MERRA-2 near surface meteorology to understand the behavior of observed planetary boundary layer heights over the US Great Plains

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2018)

Haydee Salmun Andrea Molod Allison B. Marquardt Collow

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Citations (2)

Observational validation of an extended mosaic technique for capturing subgrid scale heterogeneity in a GCM

Tellus B (2007)

Haydee Salmun Andrea Molod Andreea Ira

A technique called extended mosaic (EM) was designed to allow the subgrid scale interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere to extend vertically. EM addresses a limitation of previously existing techniques, and has been shown to have an important impact on the simulated climate in global models. The present work focuses on an observational validation of the climate characteristics of a general circulation model using EM, based on a set of 10-yr simulations with each of EM and the standard mosaic technique (M), driven by climatological sea surface temperatures. Model simulations using EM show improvements in many aspects of the mid-latitude climate and in wintertime air temperature over Alaska and Western Canada and in the pattern of the Australian monsoon precipitation over land. An example of a degradation in the EM simulation is the temperature over southern South America in wintertime.

Mosaic

10.3402/tellusb.v59i3.17041

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Applicability of Statistical Models of Storm Surge along the U.S. East Coast

AGUFM (2011)

Chris King K. Wisniewska Haydee Salmun

Storm Surge

East coast

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The Use of a Statistical Model of Storm Surge as a Bias Correction for Dynamical Surge Models and its Applicability along the U.S. East Coast

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (2015)

Haydee Salmun Andrea Molod

The present study extends the applicability of a statistical model for prediction of storm surge originally developed for The Battery, NY in two ways: I. the statistical model is used as a biascorrection for operationally produced dynamical surge forecasts, and II. the statistical model is applied to the region of the east coast of the U.S. susceptible to winter extratropical storms. The statistical prediction is based on a regression relation between the “storm maximum” storm surge and the storm composite significant wave height predicted ata nearby location. The use of the statistical surge prediction as an alternative bias correction for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operational storm surge forecasts is shownhere to be statistically equivalent to the existing bias correctiontechnique and potentially applicable for much longer forecast lead times as well as for storm surge climate prediction. Applying the statistical model to locations along the east coast shows that the regression relation can be “trained” with data from tide gauge measurements and near-shore buoys along the coast from North Carolina to Maine, and that it provides accurate estimates of storm surge.

Storm Surge

Tide gauge

Extratropical cyclone

10.3390/jmse3010073

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An experiment on boundary mixing. Part 2 The slope dependence at small angles

Journal of Fluid Mechanics (1992)

Haydee Salmun O. M. Phillips

Experiments of the type described by Phillips et al. (1986) were performed using different slopes with the aim of examining the slope dependence of the buoyancy and volume transports, particularly at small slopes. The new observations confirmed the general flow patterns described for experiments conducted at a fixed slope, but a reconsideration of the local balances suggest that the buoyancy flux at small slopes θ is proportional to , where κ is the turbulent diffusivity. and the volume flux associated with the overall convergence flow is linear with depth and proportional to (κ3/2/N½h) sin θ, where h is the thickness of the pycnocline. These differ in their dependence on the slope suggested (but not tested) in Phillips et al., and are generally consistent with measurements over a range of slopes from 7.1° to 23.5°.

Pycnocline

10.1017/s0022112092000120

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Citations (36)

Observational validation of an extended mosaic technique for capturing subgrid scale heterogeneity in a GCM

Tellus B (2007)

Haydee Salmun Andrea Molod Andreea Ira

A technique called extended mosaic (EM) was designed to allow the subgrid scale interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere to extend vertically. EMaddresses a limitation of previously existing techniques, and has been shown to have an important impact on the simulated climate in global models. The present work focuses on an observational validation of the climate characteristics of a general circulation model using EM, based on a set of 10-yr simulations with each of EM and the standard mosaic technique (M), driven by climatological sea surface temperatures. Model simulations using EM show improvements in many aspects of the mid-latitude climate and in wintertime air temperature over Alaska and Western Canada and in the pattern of the Australian monsoon precipitation over land. An example of a degradation in the EM simulation is the temperature over southern South America in wintertime.

Mosaic

Atmospheric models

Atmospheric Circulation

10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00257.x

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Citations (4)

Vertical Structure of the Water Column at the Virgin Islands Shelf Break and Trough

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2018)

Giovanni Seijo‐Ellis D. Lindo Atichati Haydee Salmun

Trough (economics)

Break-Up

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