Shuichi Mori

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

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Manabu D. Yamanaka

Jumonji University

Fadli Syamsudin

National Research and Innovation Agency

Masaki Katsumata

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Jun-ichi Hamada

Kyushu University

Hiroyuki Hashiguchi

Kyoto University

Kunio Yoneyama

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Satoru Yokoi

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Jun Matsumoto

Tokyo Metropolitan University

Peiming Wu

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Biao Geng

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Cooperative Institutions

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

The University of Tokyo

Kyoto University

National Research and Innovation Agency

Hokkaido University

Nagoya University

Institute for Global Environmental Strategies

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Information and Communication Technology Agency

University of Tsukuba

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Intraseasonal Variability of δ 18 O of Precipitation in The Indonesia Maritime Continent

AGUFM (2014)

Halda Aditya Belgaman Kimpei Ichiyanagi Masahiro Tanoue Rusmawan Suwarman Kei Yoshimura

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Videosonde observations of tropical precipitating clouds developed over the Sumatera Island, Indonesia

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2017)

Kenji Suzuki Katsuhiro Nakagawa Tetsuya Kawano Shuichi Mori Masaki Katsumata

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Internal Structures of Migratory Cloud Systems with Diurnal Cycle over Sumatera Island during CPEA-I Campaign

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan Ser II (2009)

Namiko Sakurai Masayuki Kawashima Yasushi Fujiyoshi Hiroyuki Hashiguchi Toyoshi Shimomai

There is a diurnal cycle of systematic cloud migration over Sumatera Island, i.e., cloud systems developing in the mountainous area in the afternoon migrate westward and/or eastward for several hundreds of kilometers (about 500 km) from night to morning. The regional characteristics and internal structure of migratory cloud systems with a diurnal cycle over Sumatera Island during CPEA-I were examined using data from an X-band Doppler radar (XDR), a VHF wind pro?ler (Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR)), rawinsondes, and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES9).During CPEA-I, the cloud system had a horizontal scale of several hundred kilometers and migrated both westward and eastward over nearly all of Sumatera Island except for the southernmost part. The cloud system migrated only westward over southernmost Sumatera Island during CPEA-I.From a case study on April 17 and 18, 2004, precipitation systems with horizontal scales of several tens of kilometers were observed in a cloud system by XDR, and they migrated in a direction similar to that of the cloud system at a speed of about 3 m s-1, which roughly corresponded to the wind direction and speed in the lower troposphere. Convective precipitation was observed mainly in the forward region of the precipitation systems, and stratiform precipitation was observed in the rearward region. The convective precipitation successively generated new convective cells in front of old convective cells. These results suggest that the migratory mechanism of the precipitation systems is self-replication of convective cells and the advection of background wind in the lower troposphere.

Diurnal cycle

10.2151/jmsj.87.157

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Citations (22)

Land-sea surface air temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island during an active phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science (2018)

Peiming Wu Shuichi Mori Fadli Syamsudin

The land-sea surface temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island was examined using observation data obtained from the pre-Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC) field campaign from November to December 2015. Surface observations showed that, on most days, strong daytime solar radiation caused a pronounced diurnal cycle in surface air temperatures on the island, even during the local active phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Sudden drops in surface air temperature occurred frequently on the island in the late afternoon and over the sea at nighttime, accompanied by precipitation. Temperatures on the island were higher than those over the sea during the daytime and lower in the night and early morning. Prior to the local active phase of the MJO, dual maxima in the land-sea surface air temperature contrast occurred in the evening and early morning. During the local active phase of the MJO, in spite of cloudy conditions, there were still large land-sea temperature contrasts during the daytime and in the early morning. In addition to the nighttime radiative cooling of the land surface, decreases in air temperature over the land due to precipitation cooling and the lower solar insolation in the MJO active phase caused the larger temperature differences in the morning. These results suggest that the decrease in air temperature caused by precipitation cooling had a substantial effect on the land-sea surface air temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island, particularly during an active phase of the MJO.

Madden–Julian oscillation

Surface air temperature

Sea breeze

Diurnal cycle

Radiative Cooling

10.1186/s40645-017-0160-7

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Citations (11)

Interannual Rainfall Variability over Northwestern Jawa and its Relation to the Indian Ocean Dipole and El Niño-Southern Oscillation Events

SOLA (2012)

Jun-ichi Hamada Shuichi Mori Hisayuki Kubota Manabu D. Yamanaka Urip Haryoko

Interannual rainfall variability over northwestern Jawa, Indonesia and its relation to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events were investigated using daily rainfall data for 1973-2008. IOD events clearly influence interannual rainfall variation in the dry season (May-October) in northwestern Jawa. Drought conditions during the dry season occur in conjunction with simultaneous development of positive IOD and El Niño events, whereas wet conditions tend to appear in negative IOD (with or without La Niña) rather than single La Niña events. During positive (negative) IOD years, cooler (warmer) sea surface temperature (SST) surrounds the maritime continent and large-scale divergence (convergence) and lower (higher) atmospheric water vapor content are observed. These conditions tend to suppress (induce) rainfall in northwestern Jawa. On the other hand, interannual rainfall variation in the rainy season (November-April) is not closely related to ENSO/IOD, but rainfall tends to be abundant in "neutral" (non-ENSO/IOD) years. This may be influenced by Northern Hemisphere winter monsoon strength and/or northerly (cold) surges. Furthermore, decreasing trends are detected for rainfall amounts and number of rainy days in the rainy season.

Wet season

Dry season

10.2151/sola.2012-018

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Citations (62)

Environmental Conditions for Nighttime Offshore Migration of Precipitation Area as Revealed by In Situ Observation off Sumatra Island

Monthly Weather Review (2019)

Satoru Yokoi Shuichi Mori Fadli Syamsudin Urip Haryoko Biao Geng

Abstract The diurnal cycle over tropical coastal waters is characterized by offshore migration of precipitation area during nighttime. This study analyzes in situ observational data collected during the YMC-Sumatra 2017 field campaign around the western coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, to examine the offshore migration phenomenon during 5–31 December 2017, when the Research Vessel Mirai was deployed about 90 km off the coast to perform observation. The offshore migration is observed in only less than a half of the 27 days. A comparison of radiosonde data at the vessel between days with and without the offshore migration reveals that vertical wind shear in the lower troposphere is a key environmental condition. In late afternoon of the days with the offshore migration, offshore (northeasterly) wind shear with height with considerable magnitude is observed, which is due to weaker daily mean southwesterly wind in the lower free troposphere, stronger southwesterly wind in the boundary layer, and sea breeze. As this condition is considered favorable for regeneration of convective cells to the offshore side of old ones, these results support an idea that the regeneration process is critical for the offshore migration. The Madden–Julian oscillation and cold surges play some roles in the weakening of the free-tropospheric wind. The migration speed is estimated at 2–3 m s−1, which is lower than that observed in another field campaign conducted in 2015 (Pre-YMC 2015). This difference is partly due to the difference in the environmental wind in the lower to midtroposphere.

Sea breeze

Wind Stress

Prevailing winds

10.1175/mwr-d-18-0412.1

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Citations (31)

Gravity wave characteristics over the equator observed during CPEA campaign using simultaneous multiple stations data

cosp (2006)

M. Venkat Ratnam Takuo T. Tsuda Yoshiaki Shibagaki Toshiaki Kozu Shuichi Mori

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An Overview of the Asian Monsoon Years 2007–2012 (AMY) and Multi-Scale Interactions in the Extreme Rainfall Events over the Indonesian Maritime Continent

World Scientific series on Asia-Pacific weather and climate (2017)

Jun Matsumoto Bin Wang Guoxiong Wu Jianping Li Peiming Wu

East Asian Monsoon

10.1142/9789813200913_0029

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Citations (13)

Early Results from pre-YMC 2015 Field Campaign in Sumatra

Japan Geoscience Union (2016)

邦夫米山順子鈴木竜一城岡慎也荻野修一森

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Rainfall-Driven Diurnal Variations of Water Level in the Ciliwung River, West Jawa, Indonesia

SOLA (2014)

Reni Sulistyowati Ratih Indri Hapsari Fadli Syamsudin Shuichi Mori Satoru Oishi

A 1-month-long observation of the Ciliwung River, which flows through Jakarta in Indonesia, has revealed evidence of the persistent existence of a diurnal cycle in the water level of a tropical river. This was consistent with the diurnal cycle in rainfall observed by meteorological radar and five rain-gauge stations. The river's diurnal cycle was distinguishable from the effects of oceanic and atmospheric tides and has a locally time-locked 1-day periodicity and an amplitude of 0.05 m. The day-to-day variation in the amplitude of the river's diurnal cycle was smaller than the diurnal cycle of the rainfall.

Diurnal cycle

Diurnal temperature variation

Water cycle

Annual cycle

Day to day

10.2151/sola.2014-029

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Citations (16)