Optical, x-ray, and differential thermal methods are used to compare monazite recently discovered near Chester, New Jersey, with monazite from nine other localities. lndices of refraction, 2V and birefringence have been determined. X-ray-diffraction patterns have been measured, indexed, and their relationships determined. Micro-camera diffraction patterns have provided information on the alteration of monazite. The application of x-ray fluorescence to the quantitative analysis of rare earth elements in monazite is shown to be feasible through sensitivity to minor variations caused by crystal fractionation. Theoretical factors which interfere with precise x-ray fluorescence, quantitative analysis of rare earth elements in monazite are examined. The effect of two types of alteration, intercrystalline and intracrystalline, upon the differential thermal pattern of monazite is observed. (auth)