M. R. James

Lancaster University

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S. J. Lane

University of California, Irvine

H. Pinkerton

Lancaster University

Hugh Tuffen

Lancaster University

Stuart Robson

University College London

L. J. Applegarth

Lancaster University

David G. Macfarlane

University of St Andrews

Duncan A. Robertson

University of St Andrews

G. Wadge

University of Reading

Antonio Capponi

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

John Quinton

Lancaster University

Cooperative Institutions

Lancaster University

Montserrat Volcano Observatory

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

University of Bristol

British Geological Survey

United States Geological Survey

University of Cambridge

University of Leeds

National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research

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EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2016)

Nathan Magnall M. R. James Hugh Tuffen Charlotte Vye-Brown

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Citations (2)

Using picosatellites for 4-D imaging of volcanic clouds: Proof of concept using ISS photography of the 2009 Sarychev Peak eruption

Remote Sensing of Environment (2018)

Klemen Zakšek M. R. James Matthias Hort Tiago Nogueira Klaus Schilling

Volcanic ash

Cloud top

Structure from Motion

10.1016/j.rse.2018.02.061

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Citations (14)

Morphological complexities and hazards during the emplacement of channel-fed `a`ā lava flow fields: A study of the 2001 lower flow field on Etna

Bulletin of Volcanology (2010)

L. J. Applegarth H. Pinkerton M. R. James Sonia Calvari

Lava dome

Lava field

10.1007/s00445-010-0351-1

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Citations (29)

The exposed Mule Creek vent deposits record the structure of a volcanic conduit during a hybrid explosive–effusive eruption

Bulletin of Volcanology (2023)

Holly E. Unwin Hugh Tuffen Fabian B. Wadsworth Emrys Phillips M. R. James

Abstract Silicic volcanic eruptions commonly begin with the explosive ejection of pyroclastic material, before transitioning to gentler effusion-dominated activity. Well-exposed dissected silicic systems are scarce and poorly studied, hindering the advances in our understanding of the explosive–effusive transition needed to improve interpretations of volcanic unrest and hazard forecasting. The Mule Creek vent (New Mexico, USA) is a dissected silicic conduit that records the processes controlling conduit formation and evolution, and the role tuffisites (fractures filled with variably welded pyroclasts) play in conduit dynamics. Here, we use decimeter-scale photo-mapping of lithostratigraphic units and thin section analysis to differentiate and interpret three dominant emplacement styles during vent evolution. First, there was repeated deposition and erosion of pyroclastic material at the conduit walls, recorded by erosive surfaces in pyroclastic breccia and agglomerates at the conduit margins. Second, sub-vertical domains of dense melt-dominated magma were emplaced and preserved as glass-dominated vitrophyre and brecciated vitrophyre, with the textural hallmarks of assembly from welding of pyroclasts. Finally, the sub-horizontal fracturing of previously deposited lithologies produced laterally cross-cutting tuffisites. The vent deposits track the widening and then narrowing of the conduit through time and reflect progressive insulation and generally higher temperatures towards the conduit center as pyroclasts accumulate. Welding of pyroclastic fill and the formation of dense vitrophyres towards the conduit center lowers deposit porosity and effective wall permeability. This drives localized gas pressure increases and results in gas-driven fracturing, generating tuffisites, which act as transient outgassing pathways. The structure of the Mule Creek vent records an explosive–effusive transition, constraining the processes controlling conduit evolution and aiding our interpretation of volcanic unrest.

Silicic

Peléan eruption

Electrical conduit

Pyroclastic fall

Strombolian eruption

10.1007/s00445-023-01638-z

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Citations (5)

Examining rhyolite lava flow dynamics through photo-based 3D reconstructions of the 2011–2012 lava flowfield at Cordón-Caulle, Chile

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2015)

Jamie Farquharson M. R. James Hugh Tuffen

Effusive eruption

Silicic

Lava dome

10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.09.004

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Citations (56)

Field testing of the AVTIS radarometer at Soufriere Hills and Arenal volcanoes.

G. Wadge David G. Macfarlane Duncan A. Robertson A. J. Hale H. Pinkerton

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Seasonal abundance and diel vertical dynamics of zooplankton in Lake Okaro

Archiv für Hydrobiologie (1991)

D. J. Forsyth M. R. James

Diel vertical migration

10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/121/1991/419

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Citations (5)

Pressure changes associated with the ascent and bursting of gas slugs in liquid-filled vertical and inclined conduits

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2003)

M. R. James S. J. Lane Bernard Chouet J. S. Gilbert

Slug flow

Electrical conduit

Slug

10.1016/s0377-0273(03)00232-4

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Citations (140)

Straightforward reconstruction of 3D surfaces and topography with a camera: Accuracy and geoscience application

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (2012)

M. R. James Stuart Robson

Topographic measurements for detailed studies of processes such as erosion or mass movement are usually acquired by expensive laser scanners or rigorous photogrammetry. Here, we test and use an alternative technique based on freely available computer vision software which allows general geoscientists to easily create accurate 3D models from field photographs taken with a consumer‐grade camera. The approach integrates structure‐from‐motion (SfM) and multiview‐stereo (MVS) algorithms and, in contrast to traditional photogrammetry techniques, it requires little expertise and few control measurements, and processing is automated. To assess the precision of the results, we compare SfM‐MVS models spanning spatial scales of centimeters (a hand sample) to kilometers (the summit craters of Piton de la Fournaise volcano) with data acquired from laser scanning and formal close‐range photogrammetry. The relative precision ratio achieved by SfM‐MVS (measurement precision: observation distance) is limited by the straightforward camera calibration model used in the software, but generally exceeds 1:1000 (i.e., centimeter‐level precision over measurement distances of 10 s of meters). We apply SfM‐MVS at an intermediate scale, to determine erosion rates along a ∼50‐m‐long coastal cliff. Seven surveys carried out over a year indicate an average retreat rate of 0.70 ± 0.05 m a −1 . Sequential erosion maps (at ∼0.05 m grid resolution) highlight the spatiotemporal variability in the retreat, with semivariogram analysis indicating a correlation between volume loss and length scale. Compared with a laser scanner survey of the same site, SfM‐MVS produced comparable data and reduced data collection time by ∼80%.

10.1029/2011jf002289

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Citations (1,039)

Geodetic Applications to Geomorphology

Elsevier eBooks (2021)

Mel Rodgers F. Deng Timothy H. Dixon Craig Glennie M. R. James

Earth observation

10.1016/b978-0-12-818234-5.00084-5

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Citations (3)