R. Protz

Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research

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A.J. VandenBygaart

Ottawa Research and Development Centre

A. D. Tomlin

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

M. J. Shipitalo

Agricultural Research Service

C. A. Fox

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

J. A. McKeague

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

G. J. Ross

Rothamsted Research

Donald C. McCabe

University of Guelph

Brian Brisco

Natural Resources Canada

Ivan Martini

University of Siena

J. G. Tarzi

University of Guelph

Cooperative Institutions

University of Guelph

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Université Laval

Natural Resources Canada

Iowa State University

Environment and Climate Change Canada

McGill University

Harvard University

London Research and Development Centre

Government of Canada

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THE MICROMORPHOLOGY AND ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS OF TWO RESIDUAL SOILS, ONE DEVELOPED ON GRANITE, THE OTHER ON MARBLE, IN PETERBOROUGH COUNTY, ONTARIO

Canadian Journal of Soil Science (1972)

J. E. Gillespie R. Protz

Micromorphological studies of two residual soils have revealed a constant mineralogy with depth in each soil and maximum cutan development in the B horizon. Electron microprobe analysis has shown iron, titanium, and carbon in all of the cutans. Calcium was present in the cutans around feldspar grains in the Methuen, a soil derived from granite gneiss, but was not present in the cutans around quartz grains. The inner layer of the grain cutans consisted of iron and titanium, the outer layer having in addition silica and aluminum. These latter elements were indicators of clay minerals. Microprobe analysis of mica grains indicated losses of magnesium and potassium from the mica in the A horizons of both soils compared with the levels of these elements present in the mica in the C 1 horizons.

Soil horizon

Microprobe

Topsoil

10.4141/cjss72-008

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Citations (9)

The influence of texture on clay weathering and soil formation in mid-northern Ontario

Applied Clay Science (1985)

R. Protz G. J. Ross M. J. Shipitalo

Vermiculite

Soil texture

Lithology

10.1016/0169-1317(85)90560-5

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Citations (10)

Corn Field Identification Accuracy Using Airborne Radar Imagery

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (1980)

Brian Brisco R. Protz

SUMMARYFour channel synthetic aperture radar imagery was interpreted to determine corn field identification accuracies obtainable using single channel, multi-channel and multi-date radar data. Image tone and texture of agricultural fields in the training set were used to derive discrimination criteria which were applied to fields in the testing set. The confusion of other agricultural crops with corn at X-band frequencies and forest cover with corn at L-band frequencies leads to errors of omission and inclusion. Corn field identification accuracies ranged from 58 to 100% using single channel imagery. The use of multi-channel imagery reduces the identification errors and accuracies exceeding 90% were consistently obtained. Individuals lacking radar interpretation experience but familiar with tonal and textural discrimination on airphotos obtained similar results with a short training period. Only two channels (one X-band, one L-band) are needed for the discrimination of corn from all other surface cover types and by late July the corn should be sufficiently taller than all other crops to enable accurate discrimination. Multi-date imagery is thus not necessary to identify corn fields but may aid in the discrimination of the other agricultural cover types found in the study area.

Field corn

Identification

10.1080/07038992.1980.10854994

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Citations (28)

Effect of diet on the feeding and casting activity of Lumbricus terrestris and L. rubellus in laboratory culture

Soil Biology and Biochemistry (1988)

M. J. Shipitalo R. Protz A. D. Tomlin

Lumbricus rubellus

Lumbricus terrestris

10.1016/0038-0717(88)90042-9

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Citations (122)

137Cs as an indicator of earthworm activity in soils

Applied Soil Ecology (1998)

A.J. VandenBygaart R. Protz A. D. Tomlin J. J. Miller

Lumbricus terrestris

Burrow

Lumbricidae

Plough

Soil horizon

10.1016/s0929-1393(98)00071-7

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Citations (25)

DETERMINATION OF Na-DITHIONITE AND NH₄-OXALATE EXTRACTABLE Fe, Al AND Mn IN SOILS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

Canadian Journal of Soil Science (1969)

A. T. Raad R. Protz R. L. Thomas

Fe, Al and Mn in distilled warer, NH 4 -oxaIate, and Na-dithionite solutions were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Concentration ranges for sensitive absorption by Fe, Al, and Mn were 2.5 to 20, 25 to 125 and 2 to 10 ppm, respectively. Concentration ranges of extracting solutions for the determination of Fe, Al and Mn were 0.01 M, 0.20 M and 0.04 M, respectively. Accurate and rapid determinations of Fe, Al, and Mn in NH 4 -oxalate and Na-dithionite solutions are obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy without the destruction of the organic extractants.

Dithionite

Sodium dithionite

10.4141/cjss69-010

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Citations (16)

INFLUENCE OF DISCONTINUITIES IN PARTICLE SIZE ON THE GENESIS OF TWO SOILS OF THE HONEYWOOD CATENA

Canadian Journal of Soil Science (1972)

G. K. Asamoa R. Protz

Particle-size discontinuities were located in two soil profiles of the Honeywood catena. Discontinuities in the distribution of clay, Na-dithionite and NH 4 -oxalate extractable Fe, Al, and Mn indicated varying degrees of translocation of these elements across the established particle-size discontinuities. The particle-size discontinuities appeared to have influenced the movement and accumulation of clay and extractable Fe, Al, and Mn through their effects on the vertical movement of water within the profiles. The degree of pedogenesis within the profiles was assessed by matching soil horizon boundaries and pedogenesis breaks with the established discontinuities. It was concluded that soil development had progressed more in the Embro profile than in the Honeywood profile. Dithionite-Fe breaks appeared to be useful in identifying the lower boundaries of Ae and Bt horizons, whereas oxalate-Fe breaks appeared to be associated with the illuvial B horizons.

Classification of discontinuities

Soil horizon

Dithionite

Particle (ecology)

10.4141/cjss72-061

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Citations (2)

Image analysis of soils - present and future

Geoderma (1987)

R. Protz M. J. Shipitalo A. R. Mermut C. A. Fox

10.1016/0016-7061(87)90017-6

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Citations (37)

Increased Selectivity of Naturally Weathered Biotites for Potassium

Soil Science Society of America Journal (1979)

J. G. Tarzi R. Protz

Abstract Mica particles from six residual soils were separated from different horizons and separated into three weathering classes. Potassium contents in the centers and in the edges of mica particles were determined by using electron probe microanalysis techniques. The results showed that biotites tended to regain K after an initial loss becoming more resistant to weathering. The regained K concentrated at the edges of weathered biotite particles.

Electron probe microanalysis

Microanalysis

10.2136/sssaj1979.03615995004300010036x

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Citations (10)

Microwave, Visible and near Infrared Spectral Properties as a Function of Water Content in Organic Soils

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (1998)

Qiang Xu J.B. Boisvert Irene Rubinstein Charles H. Hersom Nicolas Tremblay

RÉSUMÉEn mai 1996, un projet fut mené dans la région de Sherrington et Ste-Clotilde (Québec) afin de déterminer le potentiel des capteurs hyperfréquences, visible et proche infrarouge pour estimer la variation des teneurs en eau dans les histosols au printemps. Des données hyperfréquences aéroportées furent acquises avec un radiomètre SLFMR (Scanning Low Frequency Microwave Radiometer). Des images furent prises dans le visible et proche infrarouge avec un spectromètre imageur CASI (Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager) monté en parallèle avec le radiomètre. Une image RADARSAT à haute résolution fut aussi acquise. Les données d'humidité du sol et des informations complémentaires furent prises dans vingt champs pendant le survol (26 mai 96) et le passage de RADARSAT (30 mai 96). Les résultats préliminaires ont montré que les champs pouvaient être discriminés selon qu'ils sont nus ou avec cultures/résidus en utilisant les spectres de réflectance du CASI. Dans les sols nus, les valeurs de réflectance ont augmenté avec la diminution des teneurs en eau. La relation entre la réflectance dans le proche infrarouge (850 ou 870nm) et la teneur en eau était bien ajustée par une fonction polynomiale du second ordre. Les indices de végétation (NDVI) calculés au-dessus de champs de céréales étaient corrélés avec la densité du couvert (gamme 10–25%). Les températures de brillance ont présenté une relation linéaire avec les teneurs en eau à la surface. Cette relation était indépendante de la rugosité et de la présence ou non de céréales. Cependant, la relation entre les coefficients de rétrodiffusion de RADARSAT et les teneurs en eau était dépendante de ces deux paramètres. Les champs nus lisses (semés en planches) présentaient des valeurs de rétrodiffusion plus faibles. Il fut donc possible de distinguer les champs nus lisses des autres champs.

Microwave radiometer

10.1080/07038992.1998.10874686

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Citations (5)