The wider area around the city of Zagreb is one of the seismically most active regions in Croatia where many strong events have been reported in the past.Due to the large population and socioeconomic importance of this region, advanced seismic hazard and risk assessment for this area is of high importance.While seismic hazard gives probability that an earthquake will occur and outlines possible levels of shaking it lacks detailed information about the impact of a specific, usually stronger event.Therefore, this information must be supplemented in some other way in order to obtain reliable ground-motion prediction.Since the 1880 Mw = 6.2 historic earthquake is the most significant event, de-facto governing hazard assessment for the wider Zagreb area, our goal is to explore effects of such an occurrence happening today.To facilitate this, we simulated two ground shaking scenarios stemming from a large earthquake happening on two different hypocentre locations (Kašina and North Medvednica fault).
This dataset comprises of the receiver function traces calculated using seismic waveform data from the AlpArray Seismic Network, three other temporary seismic networks, and permanent stations in the broader European Alpine region. We use this dataset to compile a new Moho depth map for the broader European Alps. In particular, we include: the radial receiver function traces in .SAC format (RRF.zip). One SAC trace per station and teleseismic earthquake. the transverse (TRF.zip) traces in .SAC format. the receiver function stacks from all the seismic stations plotted versus back-azimuth in .png format (RRF_plots.zip and TRF_plots.zip) For details on how to read and process the receiver function traces have a look at the README file of the repository.
<p>Adriatic microplate (Adria) has been a major component of the central Mediterranean geodynamic history since at least Late Cretaceous time. Although Cenozoic motion of Adria is relatively well established, there remains several open questions regarding its dynamics. This is especially evident when trying to reconstruct the motion of Adria since early Miocene. Although there is a general consensus about the counterclockwise rotation of Adria with respect to Europe, the amount of this rotation is still a matter of vigorous debate. In order to explain various measurements, several models of Adria motion were introduced: 1) Adria moving in conjunction with Africa, 2) Adria moving independently as a single block and 3) Adria moving independently but divided into two fragments.</p><p>Here we explore the third model by using data from temporary seismic station deployments (AlpArray and AlpArray-CASE) and available permanent stations surrounding the Adriatic Sea. We constructed the tomography image of the Adriatic Sea region using the interstation surface wave dispersion measurements from teleseismic events. Additionally, we test the properties of the Central Adriatic crust by analyzing P-receiver functions from mid-Adriatic island seismic stations. Preliminary results show anomalous lithospheric structure in the Central Adriatic dividing Adria into two sections thus indicating that Adria fragmentation has progressed all the way to the base of the lithosphere.&#160;</p>
In the southeast of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Berkovići earthquake sequence started with the mainshock on 22 April 2022 21:07 UTC at focal depth 22 km with magnitude ML = 6.0 (Mw = 5.7). Our preliminary estimation of the mainshock's maximum intensity is VII EMS for Berkovići where 29% of buildings were damaged. We analysed the first nine months of this sequence, 22 April 2022–22 January 2023. The earthquakes were located using a guided grid-search algorithm with source-specific station corrections as a mean of solutions for 54 combinations of velocity models and program control parameters. The analysis of aleatory variation and epistemic uncertainty showed that they are very dependent on the station coverage, especially for focal depth. The event catalogue consists of 7217 earthquakes and can be considered complete for ML ≥ 1.3. Focal depths (15–30 km) are considerably larger than average for the Dinarides, but consistent within the zone of mid-crustal events where the earthquakes occurred. Focal mechanisms were determined with the first-motion polarity method for eight earthquakes: five of them, including the mainshock, were due to reverse faulting on faults striking in the Dinaric direction, with the preferred main fault gently dipping to the northeast. However, three events were due to normal faulting, unexpected for this area. We constructed a regional seismotectonic cross-section to delineate a potential seismogenic source of the mainshock, and it suggests that the mainshock occurred on the NE-dipping blind ramp of the basal thrust of the Dalmatian tectonic unit. Moreover, another NE-dipping and blind ramp of this basal thrust could be responsible for the Ston–Slano 1996 earthquake, located to the SW of the Berkovići mainshock hypocentre at the horizontal distance of c. 35 km.
Seismic arrays provide an important means of enhancing seismic signals and determining the directional properties of the wavefield by beamforming. When multiple arrays are to be used together, the viewpoint needs to be modified from looking outwards from each array to focusing on a specific target area and so constraining the portions of the waveforms to be analysed. Beamforming for each array is supplemented by the relative time constraints for propagation from the target to each array to provide tight spatial control. Simultaneous multiple array analysis provides a powerful tool for source characterization, and for structural analysis of scatterers as virtual sources. The multiple array concept allows us to illuminate a specific point in the Earth from many different directions and thus maps detailed patterns of heterogeneity in the Earth. Furthermore, illumination of the structure from multiple directions using data from the same event minimizes source effects to provide clearer images of heterogeneity. The analysis is based on a similar concept to the backprojection technique, where a part of the seismic wave train is mapped to a specific point in space by ray tracing. In contrast to classic backprojection where the incoming energy is mapped onto a horizontal plane with limited vertical resolution, the multiarray method controls depth response by combining relative time constraints between the arrays and conventional beamforming. We illustrate this approach with application to two earthquakes at moderate depth. The results show that the use of simultaneous multiple arrays can provide improvement both in signal quality and resolution, with the additional benefit of being able to accurately locate the source of the incoming energy and map large areas with only a limited number of such arrays.