Michael C. Martin

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Hans A. Bechtel

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Stephanie N. Gilbert Corder

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Mengkun Liu

Stony Brook University

Michael Manga

University of California, Berkeley

Tiger H. Tao

Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology

Alex Zettl

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Jonathan M. Castro

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

Carolyn R. Bertozzi

Stanford University

Jillian F. Banfield

University of California, Berkeley

Xiaohan Wang

City University of Hong Kong

Cooperative Institutions

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

University of California, Berkeley

Berkeley College

University of California, Davis

Stanford University

Stony Brook University

Material Sciences (United States)

University of California System

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Submicron-scale isotopic variations within biogenic ZnS record the mechanism and kinetics of extracellular metal-sulfide biomineralization

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2006)

John W. Moreau Peter Weber Michael C. Martin Richard I. Webb Benjamin Gilbert

10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.861

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Citations (1)

Vesiculation rates of obsidian domes inferred from H₂O concentration profiles

Geophysical Research Letters (2005)

Jonathan M. Castro Michael Manga Michael C. Martin

Explosivity of rhyolite domes depends on bubble nucleation and growth. To understand these processes, we measure millimeter‐scale variations in H 2 O by synchrotron Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectromicroscopy on interlayered obsidian‐pumice samples. The H 2 O contents of all samples are above the 1‐atm solubility value (∼0.10 wt.%) and decrease systematically towards vesicular zones, indicating that gas bubbles were growing and that degassing of melt to atmospheric pressure was incomplete. H 2 O profiles are compared with models for water diffusion in order to constrain the temporal scale of vesiculation. Diffusion timescales range from 0.4 to 15 days, and represent the time between bubble nucleation and quenching. We use these results to estimate the duration of volatile exsolution and evaluate the timing of the formation of explosion pits frequently found on the surfaces of obsidian domes, though never witnessed.

Pumice

10.1029/2005gl024029

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Citations (51)

Timescales of spherulite crystallization in obsidian inferred from water concentration profiles

American Mineralogist (2008)

Jonathan M. Castro Paul A. Beck Hugh Tuffen Alexander R.L. Nichols D. B. Dingwell

We determined the kinetics of spherulite growth in obsidians from Krafla volcano, Iceland. We measured water concentration profiles around spherulites in obsidian by synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The distribution of OH- groups surrounding spherulites decreases exponentially away from the spherulite-glass border, reflecting expulsion of water during crystallization of an anhydrous paragenesis (plagioclase + SiO2 + clinopyroxene + magnetite). This pattern is controlled by a balance between the growth rate of the spherulites and the diffusivity of hydrous solute in the rhyolitic melt.

Spherulite (polymer physics)

10.2138/am.2008.2904

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Citations (84)

EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE MYSID HOLMESIMYSIS COSTATA AS A TEST ORGANISM FOR EFFLUENT TOXICITY TESTING

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (1989)

Michael C. Martin John W. Hunt Brian S. Anderson Sheila L. Turpent Francis H. Palmer

10.1897/1552-8618(1989)8[1003:eeotmh]2.0.co;2

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Citations (9)

Topological valley transport at bilayer graphene domain walls

Nature (2015)

Long Ju Zhiwen Shi Nityan Nair Yinchuan Lv Chenhao Jin

Bilayer graphene

10.1038/nature14364

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Citations (604)

High-spatial-resolution mapping of catalytic reactions on single particles

Nature (2017)

Chung‐Yeh Wu William Wolf Yehonatan Levartovsky Hans A. Bechtel Michael C. Martin

Reactivity

10.1038/nature20795

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Citations (210)

Ultrafast charge localization in a stripe-phase nickelate

Nature Communications (2013)

Giacomo Coslovich Bernhard Huber Wei-Sheng Lee Yi‐De Chuang Yimei Zhu

Self-organized electronically ordered phases are a recurring feature in correlated materials, resulting in, for example, fluctuating charge stripes whose role in high-TC superconductivity is under debate. However, the relevant cause–effect relations between real-space charge correlations and low-energy excitations remain hidden in time-averaged studies. Here we reveal ultrafast charge localization and lattice vibrational coupling as dynamic precursors of stripe formation in the model compound La1.75Sr0.25NiO4, using ultrafast and equilibrium mid-infrared spectroscopy. The opening of a pseudogap at a crossover temperature T* far above long-range stripe formation establishes the onset of electronic localization, which is accompanied by an enhanced Fano asymmetry of Ni-O stretch vibrations. Ultrafast excitation triggers a sub-picosecond dynamics exposing the synchronous modulation of electron–phonon coupling and charge localization. These results illuminate the role of localization in forming the pseudogap in nickelates, opening a path to understanding this mysterious phase in a broad class of complex oxides. In correlated materials, a universal yet elusive feature is the occurrence of self-organized electronically ordered phases. Using equilibrium and pump–probe spectroscopy of a nickelate, the authors reveal ultrafast charge localization and vibrational coupling as precursors of a charge-stripe phase.

Pseudogap

Picosecond

10.1038/ncomms3643

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Nanoscale probing of electron-regulated structural transitions in silk proteins by near-field IR imaging and nano-spectroscopy

Nature (2016)

Nan Qin Shaoqing Zhang Jianjuan Jiang Stephanie N. Gilbert Corder Zhi‐Gang Qian

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Nanoscale probing of electron-regulated structural transitions in silk proteins by near-field IR imaging and nano-spectroscopy

Nature Communications (2016)

Nan Qin Shaoqing Zhang Jianjuan Jiang Stephanie N. Gilbert Corder Zhi‐Gang Qian

Abstract Silk protein fibres produced by silkworms and spiders are renowned for their unparalleled mechanical strength and extensibility arising from their high-β-sheet crystal contents as natural materials. Investigation of β-sheet-oriented conformational transitions in silk proteins at the nanoscale remains a challenge using conventional imaging techniques given their limitations in chemical sensitivity or limited spatial resolution. Here, we report on electron-regulated nanoscale polymorphic transitions in silk proteins revealed by near-field infrared imaging and nano-spectroscopy at resolutions approaching the molecular level. The ability to locally probe nanoscale protein structural transitions combined with nanometre-precision electron-beam lithography offers us the capability to finely control the structure of silk proteins in two and three dimensions. Our work paves the way for unlocking essential nanoscopic protein structures and critical conditions for electron-induced conformational transitions, offering new rules to design protein-based nanoarchitectures.

Protein crystallization

Nanometre

10.1038/ncomms13079

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Citations (93)

Extracellular Proteins Limit the Dispersal of Biogenic Nanoparticles

Science (2007)

John W. Moreau Peter Weber Michael C. Martin Benjamin Gilbert I. D. Hutcheon

High–spatial-resolution secondary ion microprobe spectrometry, synchrotron radiation–based Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and polyacrylamide gel analysis demonstrated the intimate association of proteins with spheroidal aggregates of biogenic zinc sulfide nanocrystals, an example of extracellular biomineralization. Experiments involving synthetic zinc sulfide nanoparticles and representative amino acids indicated a driving role for cysteine in rapid nanoparticle aggregation. These findings suggest that microbially derived extracellular proteins can limit the dispersal of nanoparticulate metal-bearing phases, such as the mineral products of bioremediation, that may otherwise be transported away from their source by subsurface fluid flow.

10.1126/science.1141064

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Citations (263)