Paolo Comelli

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

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Stefano Parolai

University of Trieste

Chiara Scaini

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Valerio Poggi

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Flávio Poletto

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Michele Bertoni

University of Trieste

P. L. Bragato

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Piero Corubolo

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Luca Moratto

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

P. Bernardi

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Milton Percy Plasencia Linares

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

Cooperative Institutions

National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics

National Institute of Oceanography

University of Trieste

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Oxford Graduate School

National Research Council - Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis

University of Ferrara

Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Bio-Oncologia

Eni (Italy)

National Research Council

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The Central Italy 2016–2017 seismic sequence: site response analysis based on seismological data in the Arquata del Tronto–Montegallo municipalities

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2018)

Giovanna Laurenzano Carla Barnaba Maria Adelaide Romano Enrico Priolo Michele Bertoni

In this paper we evaluate the local seismic response for thirteen sites located in the municipalities of Arquata del Tronto and Montegallo, two areas which suffered heavy damage during the Mw 6.0 and Mw 5.4 earthquakes which struck Central Italy on August 24, 2016. The input dataset is made by ground motion recordings of 348 events occurred during the sequence. The spectral site response is estimated by the Generalized Inversion Technique and makes use of reference sites. The interpretation is further improved through the information provided by a reference-site independent method (i.e., the so called Receiver-Function Technique) and by the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratios of ambient noise recordings. We also provide an independent estimate of the local amplification by comparing the Peak Ground Velocity and the Spectral Amplitudes observed at each site to the value estimated by well-established Ground Motion Prediction Equations for a rock-class site. The results obtained by the adopted methodologies are all highly consistent, and they emphasize the different seismic behavior of several sites at local scale. Thus, sites located on Quaternary deposits overlying the bedrock, such as Castro, Pretare, Spelonga, Pescara del Tronto, and Capodacqua feature some relevant amplifications in a medium (2–10 Hz) frequency range; two sites at Spelonga show amplifications also at low frequencies; three sites located on stiff formations, i.e. Uscerno, Balzo and Colle d'Arquata, respectively, feature either nearly neutral response or low amplification level. A probable topographic effect was identified at the rock site of Rocca di Arquata (MZ80).

Bedrock

Ambient noise level

10.1007/s10518-018-0355-3

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Citations (22)

Drillbit Seismic Interferometry with and without Pilot Signals

75th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2013 (2008)

Flávio Poletto Piero Corubolo Paolo Comelli

We process for interferometry purposes the seismic signals generated by a drillbit source in a first well and recorded by seismic receivers located in a second borehole, and at the surface near the well. We compare the standard interferometry results, obtained by using the raw drillbit data without pilot signal, with new interferometry results obtained by using the drillbit seismograms correlated with a reference pilot signal. The analysis of the stationary phase shows that the coherent noise affects the final results, which have different S/N levels. The interferometry methods are compared by using different deconvolution approaches. The analysis shows that the results agree with the conventional drill-bit seismograms, and that using the reference pilot signal improves the quality of the drillbit wavefields redatumed by the interferometry method.

Seismic interferometry

Seismogram

SIGNAL (programming language)

10.3997/2214-4609.20148016

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Citations (3)

Gibbs statistics in crosswell and reflection tomography: Inversion of noisy data

Geophysics (1997)

Philip M. Carrion S. Puledda Paolo Comelli

In this paper, we examine Gibbs's potential taken as a Cauchy function. This function depends on one parameter and can be useful in inserting a priori information in terms of chosen directions in Gibbs inversion. The results presented in this paper, show the possibility of using Gibbs's statistics for obtaining tomograms of superior quality compared with conventional methods using uncorrelated Gaussian least‐squares optimization. Although Gibbs's statistics give images of higher quality when compared to conventional methods, the geophysical literature on Gibbs's algorithms is quite scanty. For example, Carrion et al. (personal communication) have determined the results of the 3-D Gibbs inversion in processing crosswell data. Carrion et al. (1993) have discussed a hybrid method based on the constrained traveltime inversion when “hard” bounds were driven by Gibbs's statistics. One major problem of crosswell geotomography is incomplete data coverage. A lack of information in the angular spectrum leads to smearing in directions of predominant wave vectors. For example, in crosswell tomography, smearing will occur predominantly in the horizontal direction.

Gibbs sampling

10.1190/1.1444221

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Citations (1)

The OGS–Northeastern Italy Seismic and Deformation Network: Current Status and Outlook

Seismological Research Letters (2021)

P. L. Bragato Paolo Comelli Angela Saraò David Zuliani Luca Moratto

Abstract In this article, we describe the infrastructure developed and managed by the Italian National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics – OGS for the seismological and geodetic monitoring of northeastern Italy. The infrastructure was constituted in response to the ML 6.4 Friuli destructive earthquake of 1976, with the main mandate of supporting civil protection emergency activities. The OGS monitoring infrastructure is presently composed of a seismometric and a strong-motion network, complemented by a number of Global Navigation Satellite Systems stations, each delivering observational data in real time, which are collected and processed by the headquarters of the Center for Seismological Research of OGS in Udine. The OGS networks operate in close cooperation with Italian and international networks from neighboring countries, within the framework of the agreements for real-time data exchange, to obtain improved rapid earthquake location and magnitude estimations. Information regarding seismic events is released to the public through a dedicated web portal and, since 2013, through social media. Aside from the standard monitoring activities (>30,000 events have been recorded since 1976), the OGS has progressively increased the number of services to the public and to the Civil Protection of the Friuli Venezia Giulia and Veneto regions. The high availability of good quality data has resulted in the enhancement of scientific products, including advanced seismological studies of the area, spanning broadly from seismic source characterization to engineering seismology. In the future, the OGS networks are expected to further contribute to the development of seismological research and monitoring infrastructures of the Central European region.

Earthquake warning system

Mandate

10.1785/0220200372

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Citations (55)

Drill‐bit seismic interferometry with and without pilot signals*

Geophysical Prospecting (2009)

Flávio Poletto Piero Corubolo Paolo Comelli

ABSTRACT We use different interferometry approaches to process the seismic signals generated by a drill‐bit source in one well and recorded by seismic receivers located both in a second borehole and at the surface near the source well. We compare the standard interferometry results, obtained by using the raw drill‐bit data without a pilot signal, with the new interferometry results obtained by using the drill‐bit seismograms correlated with a reference pilot signal. The analysis of the stationary phase shows that the final results have different S/N levels and are affected by the coherent noise in the form of rig arrivals. The interferometry methods are compared by using different deconvolution approaches. The analysis shows that the results agree with the conventional drill‐bit seismograms and that using the reference pilot signal improves the quality of the drill‐bit wavefields redatumed by the interferometry method.

Seismogram

Seismic interferometry

SIGNAL (programming language)

Vertical seismic profile

Drill bit

10.1111/j.1365-2478.2009.00832.x

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Citations (22)

Rapid Damage Scenario Assessment for Earthquake Emergency Management

Seismological Research Letters (2021)

Valerio Poggi Chiara Scaini Luca Moratto Gabriele Peressi Paolo Comelli

Abstract The rapid availability of reliable damage statistics, after the occurrence of a major earthquake, is an essential mitigation strategy to drive and support emergency intervention operations. Unfortunately, the latency in collecting and organizing actual damage information has a substantial impact on the efficiency of the initial phases of the intervention framework. To speedup preliminary management operations, a quick, although, coarse prediction of the expected damage is highly desirable. For this purpose, we have developed a system for rapid damage estimation. The system, presently implemented for the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, relies on the existing seismological monitoring infrastructure of the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS), which is responsible for delivering earthquake alerts in northeastern Italy. In case of a major earthquake event, the predicted damage is automatically computed using the OpenQuake software engine by means of ad hoc structural exposure and fragility models developed for the region. Damage calculations rely on a combination of actual observed ground motion from the stations of the OGS seismological network and empirical prediction using the ShakeMaps software developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The resulting damage scenario, aggregated at municipality level, is finally delivered to the control room of the regional civil protection in support of early intervention activities. Although, the system is presently still under active development, a number of experimental trials have confirmed the reliability and the usefulness of the proposed approach. We are confident that the current research will contribute in mitigating the impact of possible future damaging earthquakes by (1) guiding targeted postevent emergency interventions, (2) increasing the preparedness and response capacity of emergency teams and population through preparatory training activities, and (3) supporting the decision-making process during the recovery phase, hence enhancing resilience.

Damage control

10.1785/0220200245

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Citations (19)

From seismic alert to near real-time products: an overview of OGS research activities and operational services in northeastern Italy

1st Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering (2021)

Chiara Scaini Valerio Poggi Bojana Petrović Elisa Venturini Paolo Comelli

OGS (National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics) manages a dense earthquake monitoring network in northeastern Italy created after the 1976 Friuli earthquake that caused nearly 1000 victims.When the Friuli earthquake occurred, there was only one station in the Friuli Venezia-Giulia region, in Trieste.After the earthquake, the Seismological Research Center was created in order to develop and manage the northeastern Italy seismic network and support the Regional Civil Protection (PCR) in case of emergency.

10.5592/co/1crocee.2021.164

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Citations (0)

Fundamental period elongation of a RC building during the Pollino seismic swarm sequence

Case Studies in Structural Engineering (2016)

Maria Rosaria Gallipoli Tony Alfredo Stabile Philippe Guéguen Marco Mucciarelli Paolo Comelli

A primary school in Rotonda was monitored during an on-going seismic sequence in the Pollino area, Southern Italy. The Reinforced Concrete (RC) building is a typical three story building with a concrete frame, bearing pre-cast slab flooring, concrete block internal walls and pre-cast external infill slabs. The monitoring began in September 2011 with a single station on top of the building, and after the ML = 5 mainshock occurred in October 2012 a network was completed with accelerometers on each floor and real-time streaming data was transmitted to the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (Udine-Northern Italy). The school suffered no visible damage during the sequence. The real-time monitoring of the Rotonda school proved to be important for two reasons: (1) the large range of magnitudes and recorded peak accelerations allowed the study of the non-stationary frequency response; (2) the results also show how a simple, real-time monitoring system using cost-effective accelerometers could be used as a tool to provide information on the damage state and usability of the school.

Slab

10.1016/j.csse.2016.05.005

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Citations (9)

The Antarctic Seismographic Argentinean Italian Network (ASAIN): Recording Earthquakes in the Scotia Sea Region

Seismological Research Letters (2021)

Milton Percy Plasencia Linares Claudio Cravos R. Laterza P. Bernardi Paolo Comelli

Abstract The Antarctic Seismographic Argentinean Italian Network (ASAIN) is a permanent broadband seismic network that has operated since 1995 in the Scotia Sea region, the Antarctic peninsula, and the polar area. It was deployed and is managed in the framework of cooperation between the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics and Dirección Nacional del Antártico–Instituto Antártico Argentino and is financially supported by the Programma Nazionale di Ricerca in Antartide. The network consists of seven seismological stations with broadband sensors. ASAIN provides data to Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology, Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology, and GEOFOrschungsNetz. It improves the worldwide seismic networks’ detection capabilities and contributes to refining regional earthquake locations released by the U.S. Geological Survey. The proximity of the seismic stations to the Antarctic continent and their continuous operation in the long term also allows for having a privileged observatory on the ice-related seismicity along the Antarctica peninsula. In this article, we discuss the historical development of ASAIN, its current configuration, and the main characteristics of the seismic stations. Finally, we also provide information on the ASAIN data exchange and the contribution to the scientific research in Antarctica.

Peninsula

10.1785/0220200484

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Citations (2)

Drill‐bit seismic monitoring while drilling by downhole wired‐pipe telemetry

Geophysical Prospecting (2014)

Flávio Poletto Francesco Miranda Piero Corubolo Andrea Schleifer Paolo Comelli

ABSTRACT Drill‐bit seismic while drilling provides reverse vertical seismic profiles with large configurations of surface seismic sensors. This seismic while drilling technique makes it possible to predict the formation changes ahead of the bit and to image 2D and 3D structures without interfering with the drilling activity. The method is based on the recording of reference (pilot) signals which enable us to recognize and process the signal of the downhole drill‐bit source, thus obtaining impulsive seismograms after the crosscorrelation and deconvolution of the pilot signals and the seismic data recorded by surface or crosswell geophones. One issue in the application of this methodology can be the loss of the transmitted energy for the reference signal propagated from the bit to the surface through the drill string, when the pilot signals are recorded at the surface, at the top of the drill string. It is well known that with polycrystalline diamond compact bits, the pilot signal recorded at the surface may be weak and consequently the seismic while drilling results are poor. This may also happen during drilling in the sliding mode without pipe rotation, and in highly deviated or horizontal wells. A solution to improve the drill‐bit seismic while drilling method in these conditions is to record the reference signal in the proximity of the bit source, using downhole near‐bit tools to get good‐quality measurements of the pilot signal. We present drill‐bit seismic while drilling results obtained in a drilling test using wired pipes for high‐rate communication from bottom hole to the surface. The results demonstrate the applicability of this integrated approach as a standard procedure. The advantage of this is to provide real‐time synchronized reverse vertical seismic profiles, as well as high‐resolution and good‐quality data in terms of S/N and high‐frequency content. The method improves the use of the working drill bit as a downhole seismic source with different types of bit and drilling conditions.

Measurement while drilling

Drill bit

Geophone

Vertical seismic profile

Drill string

SIGNAL (programming language)

Wellhead

Seismogram

Bit (key)

10.1111/1365-2478.12135

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Citations (39)